Swachh Bharat Mission, initiated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on October 2, 2014, aims to eliminate open defecation in India by 2019, promoting sanitation and hygiene in rural and urban areas. The mission has undergone multiple phases, focusing on sustainable waste management, public awareness, and infrastructural improvements in sanitation facilities. Key achievements include improved health outcomes, economic benefits for families, and enhanced safety and dignity for women in communities with improved sanitation access.