Testing Ext JS and Sencha Touch

Testing Ext JS &
Sencha Touch

2012 Mats Bryntse
@bryntum

Contents

• Why test your JavaScript?

• Testing Methodologies

• Introducing Siesta

• Writing testable JS

• Automating tests

About me
var me = {
name : ”Mats Bryntse”,
age : 35+,
lives : ”Helsingborg, Sweden”,
does : ”Runs Bryntum”,
site : ”www.bryntum.com”,
twitter : ”@bryntum”
};

What we do

Ext JS/ST Components

Siesta (JS Test Tool)

First, a quick raise of
hands:

How many of you...

How many of you...

• have a frontend test suite?

• have frontend test suite as part of your CI?

• run your test suite in all major browsers?

• have zero or fewer frontend tests for your app?

A typical web app...

Interwebs

http://www.app.com

The backend

• Single controlled platform

• Simple to test and refactor

• Good IDEs and tools
PHP
C#
Java

The frontend
• Multiple platforms & versions
(Mac, Windows XP/Vista/7/8, Linux...)

• Multiple browser versions

• Hard to refactor

• JavaScript support in IDEs is
still !== awesome

Conclusion

Too easy to #FAIL as a frontend developer

Testing helps you keep fails to a minimum.

But...

”... my code is bug free”

”...testing takes time away from adding new
features (+ new bugs)”

”...it’s QA’s job to test”

”... it’s boring and I’ll quit my job”

A good investment

• Writing tests === investment in your code

• Takes time

• Will pay you back, though not instantly

Scenario:
A nasty bug was found

3 options

A test suite...
=> confidence in your code

=> serves as extra documentation

=> easier refactoring

=> bugs happen once, easier to find

=======> quality of sleep

Code handover

• Test cases are really useful when handing over
responsibility for a JS module

• Developer Bob quits his job. New guy gets
responsibility of his JS code.

• How will new guy know what parts of the
codebase is safe to change & refactor?

New guy studies codebase
application.js

/**
* When I wrote this, only God and I understood what I was doing
* Now, God only knows
**/

/* I am not sure if we need this, but too scared to delete. */

// drunk, fix later

// This is my last day...

Code handover

New guy, scared

Code handover

• Without test suite, will new guy feel good
about making major changes?

• Only minor cosmetic changes on the surface.

• System accumulates cruft over time.

• Sounds familiar?

Unit testing

Integration testing

Functional testing

Unit testing

• Testing the API of a single isolated ’unit’

• Typically pure JS, non UI / DOM
• verify set/get method of a Model
• verify date manipulation logic

• Many tools available

Unit testing

• Siesta

• Jasmine

• QUnit (jQuery)

• Google js-test (V8)

Integration testing

• Testing integration between units.

• E.g. verify cell editing plugin works in
GridPanel

Functional Web testing

• UI testing of a component or an application
as a whole.

• Send commands to the web page and
evaluate result.

• ’click button’, ’type into login field’, ...

Functional Web testing

• Siesta

• Selenium

• JsTestDriver

Interacting with the DOM

Approaches to faking user input

• Synthetic events (JavaScript)

• Native events (via Java Applet)

Synthetic events
+ Supported in all major browsers
+ Compatible with mobile
+ Don’t rely on native event queue
Tests can be run in parallell.

- Browsers don’t ”trust” synthetic events
- Enter key on a focused link
- Tab between input fields, etc...
- X-browser differences
DOM Events, Key events, key codes (http://unixpapa.com)

Native events

+ Java applets are supported in desktop
browsers
+ As close to a ’real’ user as possible

- Won’t work on iOS, Android.
- No parallell tests since native event queue
is used.

Testing Ext JS and Sencha Touch

What is Siesta?

• Unit testing and DOM testing tool

• Optimized for Ext JS & Sencha Touch
- also supports jQuery, NodeJS, or any JS

• Simple syntax, Extensible

• Automate using PhantomJS & Selenium.

Siesta Browser Harness

• A UI for Siesta, view DOM, inspect assertions

• Define a tree of tests, in logical groups

• Global settings for the test suite
autoCheckGlobals, preload, testClass

A Siesta Test

• is pure JavaScript, no magic.

StartTest(function(t) {

$('body').html('JQuery was here');

t.contentLike(document.body,
'JQuery was here',
'Found correct text in DOM');
});

A Siesta Test

• is completely isolated in its own iframe
(no teardown, cleanup required)

A Siesta Test

• can be extended with your own custom
assertions and helper methods

StartTest(function(myTest) {
var app = myTest.startApplication();

myTest.performLogin(app);
myTest.isLoggedIn(app, ’Logged in ok’);
myTest.is(app.nbrUsers, 1, ’Found 1 user’);
});

Lifecycle of a UI test

Setup create grid, load stores

Wait for store to load, grid rows to render

Simulate click button, type into textbox

Verify isEqual(a, b)

Setup

var userGrid = new My.UserGrid({ … });

userGrid.render(Ext.getBody());

Wait

t.waitForRowsVisible(userGrid, function(){
// Do something
});

t.waitForComponentQuery(“formpanel > textfield”);

t.waitForCompositeQuery(“grid => .x-grid-row”);

Simulate

// A list of actions to simulate
t.chain(
{
desc : 'Should click trigger field',
action : 'click',
target : 'testgrid triggerfield'
},
{
desc : 'Should type into filter field',
action : 'type',
target : 'testgrid triggerfield',
text : 'FOO'
}, ...
);

Verify

t.is(userStore.getCount(), 5, ”5 users found”);

t.willFireNTimes(store, 2, ”write”);

t.hasCls(grid.getEl(), ”myClass”, ”Found CSS”);

t.hasSize(myWindow, 300, 300, ”Window size ok”);

Sencha Touch support

Simulate tap, doubleTap, swipe, longPress, etc...

Siesta.next

• Benchmarking

• Code coverage

• Multi-browser, multi-device testing
• Crowd sourced test case tool “Code Cowboy”

• Your suggestion?

Headless testing

• Headless browsers are great, fast

• Command line, easy to integrate with IDEs

• PhantomJS, GUI-less WebKit browser

Phantom JS
Created by Ariya Hidayat (Sencha Inc.)

Fast headless testing

Site scraping

SVG rendering, PDF/PNG output

Supports CoffeeScript

Headless browsers

+ Run tests on command line
+ Faster
+ Automation
+ Doesn’t require an actual browser

- Not 100% accurate, but close.

Some ground rules

• Keep your JavaScript in JS files

• Never put JavaScript in your HTML
page/tags

• Keep code organized in logical manageable
files. Decide on some max nbr of lines/file.

Testable MVC code

• Fat model, skinny view

• Don’t pollute your views with business logic

• Testing pure JS is a lot easier than testing
DOM-dependent JS

• Promotes reuse of your code

Mixing view and logic

Ext.define('UserForm', {
extend: 'Ext.FormPanel',
width: 400,
height: 400,

// Returns true if User is valid
isValid: function (userModel) {
return userModel.name.length > 4 &&
userModel.password.length > 8;
}
});

Better

Ext.define('UserModel', {
extend: 'Ext.data.Model ',
name : '',
password : '',

isValid : function () {
return this.name.length > 4 &&
this.password.length > 8;
}
});

Refactored view

Ext.define('UserForm', {
extend: 'Ext.FormPanel',
width: 400,
height: 400,

// Returns true if User is valid
isValid: function () {
return this.model.isValid();
}
});

Avoid private code

• Avoid overuse of private functions in
closures

• If your code cannot be accessed it cannot
be tested

Testing Ajax

• Try to avoid involving your database.

• Use either static JS files with mock data
(async, slower)

• Or Mock the entire Ajax call (sync, faster)
Sinon.js, Jasmine-ajax etc.

Automation &
Continuous Integration

Continuous Integration

• Once you have decided on your testing
toolset, integrate it with your CI.

• Automatically run test suite on pre-commit
or post-commit

• Nightly builds, full test suite execution,
reporting via email etc.

CI Tools

• Jenkins

• TeamCity

• Cruise Control

• Test Swarm

JS Code Coverage

• JsCoverage
Seems abandoned

• ScriptCover
Google Chrome Plugin

• JsTestDriver
Add-in module for coverage

• JesCov
Rhino, Jasmine

Resources - Yahoo
http://screen.yahoo.com/

”Without unit tests, you’re
not refactoring. You’re just
changing shit.”

Hamlet D’Arcy

Thanks for listening!

Questions?

2012 Mats Bryntse
@bryntum

Testing Ext JS and Sencha Touch

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