Testing Mobile JavaScript
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A talk that I gave at Texas JavaScript and Web Directions @Media on my current work into testing mobile JavaScript code.
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Testing Mobile JavaScript
- 1. Testing Mobile JavaScript John Resig June 2010
- 2. I’ve been researching and trying to make sense of the mobile space recently. Started preparations in 2009 (with the creation of TestSwarm).
- 3. Cross-browser mobile web development is crazy. (...but not nearly as crazy as it use to be.) I’ve seen things...
- 4. A Simple Goal ✤ Started with a simple goal: ✤ To make sure that jQuery works on the most popular mobile platforms and browsers. ✤ As it turns out, it’s really hard to define the scope of the problem.
- 5. Questions: Answered ✤ Three questions that need to be answered before doing mobile development: ✤ What platforms and browsers are popular? ✤ What browsers are capable of supporting modern scripting? ✤ What devices and simulators do I acquire to test with? ✤ To answer those questions we need good data.
- 6. Best Stats? ✤ Who has the best statistics on the mobile market? ✤ StatCounter and Gartner seem to be tops. ✤ StatCounter covers billions of hits per month. ✤ Gartner is well-respected and knows sale information well. ✤ AdMob is decent for specific platforms (iPhone, Android). ✤ That being said: Very little actually-useful information leaks out.
- 7. Lack of Information ✤ Right now finding this information is a challenge. ✤ As a result, developers develop for what’s in front of them:
- 8. Platforms
- 10. Hard Question ✤ What versions of those platforms are popular? ✤ No one seems to know, or isn’t talking about it.
- 11. Browsers
- 12. Hard Question ✤ What versions of those browsers are popular? ✤ No one seems to know, or isn’t talking about it. ✤ Supposedly Yahoo is going to be releasing some information soon, we’ll see. ✤ Right now it’s considered to be a competitive advantage to keep it private.
- 13. Testing Strategy ✤ Draw a line in the sand ✤ Buy Devices, Download Simulators ✤ Automate testing (TestSwarm!)
- 14. Drawing a Line ✤ Yahoo!s Graded Browser Support technique is optimal. ✤ Qualify which browsers you will support (actively test against) and give them a grade. ✤ A = Full support, C = Fall back to old site, Other = Assume full support.
- 16. My God... it’s full of browsers... Mobile Graded Browser Support: Market share + Browser quality
- 17. Testing Browsers ✤ Two options: ✤ Buy devices and/or ✤ Download simulators ✤ Simulators are good for most automated testing. ✤ Any sort of interaction testing you’ll want to do on a physical device. ✤ Always good to do a sanity check on a physical device before going live.
- 18. Simulators ✤ Simulators are available for most platforms and browsers. ✤ Most simulators require Windows to run (some require Perl or Java) ✤ Some browsers even provide standalone executables (Opera, Fennec). ✤ Getting the simulators running can be a real bear.
- 19. Automated Testing ✤ Once you have simulators (or physical devices) up and running you’ll want to interact with them as little as possible. ✤ Automated test execution will be really important. ✤ TestSwarm was developed for this express purpose: Make it easy to push tests out to a large number of clients (even mobile).
- 20. Platforms ✤ Symbian (S60 / UIQ) ✤ iPhone OS ✤ Blackberry OS ✤ Android ✤ Windows Mobile ✤ WebOS ✤ Maemo / Meego
- 21. Symbian
- 22. Symbian S60 ✤ The most popular mobile OS - heavily used by Nokia. ✤ v5.0 is for touch screen devices (Equiv. to Safari 3.1) ✤ v3.0 is the latest for ‘regular’ devices (Equiv. to Safari 2.0) ✤ 2 ‘feature packs’ have been released ✤ The oldest, active, mobile browser that should be supported. ✤ Simulators available on Nokia.com.
- 23. Symbian S60 B A B?
- 24. Symbian UIQ ✤ A now-dead implementation of the Symbian OS last released in 2008. ✤ Appears to still be in use, some what, but quickly becoming irrelevant. ✤ Uses Opera Mobile (8.6, 8.65) as its built-in browser. ✤ UIQ is dead and Nokia doesn’t distribute the simulator any more. I found a guy in Russia that has some extra copies (totally legit, heh).
- 25. Symbian UIQ C C
- 26. iPhone OS ✤ Apple’s super-popular mobile OS ✤ Apple is very good about pushing updates, almost all users are on the latest OS version. ✤ Current with Safari 4 ✤ A gotchya: Does not have fixed position support (making it difficult to implement toolbars). Recommend: TouchScroll library. ✤ Simulator is part of the iPhone SDK.
- 27. iPhone Simulator No 2.x simulator! B A A
- 28. Blackberry OS ✤ Blackberry continues to be enormously popular - and growing rapidly. ✤ Ships with a custom browser, will be switching to a WebKit-based one in 6.0. ✤ Anything older than Blackberry 4.6 is really frightening. ✤ Andrew Dupont calls 4.6 the “rubicon”. ✤ 4.6/4.7 have some strange quirks, 5.0 is pretty decent. ✤ Blackberry provides simulator downloads on their dev site.
- 29. Blackberry OS B B B
- 30. Android ✤ Rapidly growing OS from Google. ✤ Tons of manufacturers are modifying and shipping it. ✤ Expect Android to grow drastically over the next couple years. ✤ Lack of control has yielded extreme version fracturing. ✤ Simulators are an easy download.
- 31. Android A A A
- 32. Windows Mobile ✤ Windows Mobile 6.5 is the current release. ✤ Uses IE 6 as its rendering engine. ✤ Window Mobile 7.0 is coming soon. ✤ Uses IE 7 as its rendering engine. :-( :-( :-( :,( ✤ Window Mobile 6.1 is still relatively popular but is based off of IE 4.0 - this is a non-starter. ✤ Windows Mobile 6.5 simulator is an easy download.
- 33. Windows Mobile 7.0? :-( F B
- 34. WebOS ✤ Palm’s (HP’s?) Mobile OS ✤ Has a minimal amount of traction. ✤ Built off of WebKit, easy to support. ✤ 1.4 simulator ships with 1.3 browser (wtf!?) ✤ I’m testing using a physical Palm Pre. ✤ Palm Pre simulator is an easy download. A
- 35. Maemo / Meego ✤ Linux-based OS used for tablets (and potentially phones). Used by Nokia. ✤ Not very popular. ✤ Has a browser called ‘MicroB’ that C uses Gecko. ✤ Mostly interesting as Fennec is capable of running on it. ✤ Simulator requires Linux to run - haven’t figured it out yet.
- 36. Platform-Independent Browsers ✤ A number of browsers target multiple platforms. Some work directly with carriers (Opera, Netfront) whereas others provide downloads (Opera, Fennec). ✤ Opera ✤ Fennec ✤ Netfront ✤ Phonegap (App Platform)
- 37. Opera Mobile and Opera Mini ✤ Hugely popular mobile browser (especially Mini). ✤ Available on a large number of platforms. ✤ Even ships as the default browser on some. ✤ Opera Mobile and Opera Mini couldn’t be more different. ✤ Mobile is a full-featured browser. ✤ Mini is a glorified bitmap viewer. ✤ Pulls from a proxy, no JS executing on client.
- 38. Opera Mobile and Opera Mini C A C Simulator is awesome!
- 39. Fennec ✤ Codename for Firefox on mobile devices ✤ Released for Maemo, alpha release out for Android (watch this!) A B ✤ Equivalent to the latest releases of Firefox Simulator is awesome!
- 40. Netfront ✤ Used on Playstation and N-Gage ✤ Download available for Windows Mobile. ✤ Highly crippled, custom, browser. ✤ Not worth supporting. C ✤ Compatibility can be a real pain.
- 41. Phonegap ✤ Not a browser, a way to develop cross-platform applications. ✤ Uses WebKit as the rendering engine. ✤ Use HTML/CSS/JS to develop deployable apps. A ✤ Quite popular, easy to support.
- 42. Other Browsers ✤ Not worth the time for such small market share. ✤ Ozone (Uses WebKit) ✤ Openwave (Dead) ✤ Bolt (Uses WebKit) C ✤ JIL (Uses WebKit, Widget Platform)
- 44. Summary ✤ What do we need to support? Roughly: ✤ Opera 9.5, 10 ✤ Internet Explorer 6, 7 ✤ Firefox 3.5+ ✤ Safari 2, 3, 4 ✤ (and Blackberry... weeee...) ✤ Don’t assume it’ll work, download the simulators and test!
- 45. What Devices to Buy? ✤ For A level: ✤ 1 iPhone 3GS: Latest running 3.x (* Watch for new 4.x iPhone) ✤ 1 iPad: Running 3.2 ✤ 1 Nokia N97 Running S60v5 ✤ 1 Palm Pre: Running 1.4 ✤ 2 Android Phones: HTC Magic (1.5/1.6), Droid Incredible (2.1) (* Watch for new 2.2 Android) ✤ And download the Opera and Fennec Simulators and Phonegap
- 46. A -Grade Costs ✤ $315 - iPhone 3GS ✤ $499 - iPad ✤ $370 - Nokia N97 ✤ $399 - Palm Pre ✤ $349 - HTC Magic ✤ $637 - Droid Incredible ✤ Total: $2569
- 47. What Devices to Buy? ✤ For B level (in addition to A level): ✤ 1 1st Gen iPhone: Running 2.x ✤ 1 Nokia N96: Running 3.0v2 ✤ 3 Blackberry Devices: Curve 8900 (4.6), 2x Tour 9630 (4.7 and 5.0) ✤ 1 HTC HD2: Running Windows Mobile 6.5
- 48. B -Grade Costs ✤ $315 - 1st Gen iPhone ✤ $360 - Nokia N96 ✤ $310 - Curve 8900 ✤ $350 x 2 - Tour 9630 ✤ $600 - HTC HD2 ✤ Total: $2285 ✤ A -Grade + B -Grade: $4854
- 49. More Information ✤ Coming Soon at: ✤ http://jquerymobile.com/ ✤ See also: ✤ http://testswarm.com/ and ✤ http://swarm.jquery.org/ ✤ And: ✤ http://quirksmode.org/m/