The Oracle RAC Family of Solutions - Presentation
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Oracle RAC is an option to the Oracle Database Enterprise Edition. At least, this is what it is known for. This presentation shows the many ways in which the stack, which is known as Oracle RAC can be used in the most efficient way for various use cases.
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The Oracle RAC Family of Solutions - Presentation
- 1. 6/21/14 1 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.1 The Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) Family of Solutions – a “User Guide” Markus Michalewicz Director of Product Management Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) @OracleRACpm http://www.linkedin.com/in/markusmichalewicz http://www.slideshare.net/MarkusMichalewicz
- 2. 6/21/14 2 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.3 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step” § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.4 Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) 12c § Overview – A clustered database solution for high availability (HA), scalability, agility, flexibility and elasticity – Oracle's premier shared disk database clustering technology – Choice of administrator-managed or policy-managed deployments § Benefits – Runs all database workloads – Foundation for DBaaS – Scale out and scale up on-demand – Highest availability for the database – Flexible workload management Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) Oracle Flex ASM CRM
- 3. 6/21/14 3 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.5 Oracle RAC Evolution Oracle Database 10g RAC (* 2004) Oracle 6 to Oracle8i OPS (* 199x) Oracle9i Rel. 1 Oracle9i Rel. 2 RAC (* 2001) Oracle Database 11g Rel. 1 with RAC (* 2007) Oracle Database 12c Rel. 1 with RAC (* 2013) Oracle Database 11g Rel. 2 with RAC (* 2009) Oracle RAC One Node A DBA DBA Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.6 Family of Solutions Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) DBA DBB DBC DBB DBB Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) Oracle Flex ASM Oracle RAC One Node A Oracle RAC One Node B Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) Oracle Flex ASM
- 4. 6/21/14 4 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.7 Oracle RAC and Oracle Multitenant The new standard for Oracle Database Consolidation Consolidation Agility Oracle GI Oracle RAC Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.8 Oracle Database 12c High Availability Four Standard Reference Architectures GOLD Comprehensive HA and Disaster Protection Zero or near-zero data loss SILVER High Availability (HA) for Recoverable Local Outages Data protected as of last backup BRONZE Single Instance Database, Basic Service Restart Data protected as of last backup PLATINUM Zero Outage for Platinum Ready Applications Zero data loss
- 5. 6/21/14 5 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.10 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step” § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.11 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step”: 1. Standardize on Clusters 2. Standardize the Database Deployment 3. Standardize on Oracle RAC § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary
- 6. 6/21/14 6 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.12 Introduce Oracle RAC Step by Step § Overview – Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI) combines: § Oracle ASM & Oracle ACFS § Oracle Clusterware – Oracle GI can replace any 3rd party cluster solution for failover purposes § Benefits – Free of charge when used for Oracle – Provides: § Cluster-based High Availability § Flexibility, agility and simplified resource management in the cluster Step 1: Standardize on Clusters with Oracle Grid Infrastructure Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.13 Standardize on Clusters Clusters increase flexibility and HA regardless of DB types used later Oracle GI Oracle GI Oracle GI for a Cluster Oracle GI for a Cluster High Availability Flexibility License Costs Oracle GI Standalone Oracle GI Re-configuration to enable cluster
- 7. 6/21/14 7 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.14 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step”: 1. Standardize on Clusters 2. Standardize the Database Deployment 3. Standardize on Oracle RAC § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.15 Introduce Oracle RAC Step by Step § Overview – Single instance databases (DBs) can be deployed on a cluster infrastructure § Benefits – Single instance DBs benefit from cluster-inherent HA and resource management features immediately: § Oracle Flex ASM HA capabilities § SRVCTL as the management tool Step 2: Standardize your database deployment on clusters DBA DBB DBC DBB DBB
- 8. 6/21/14 8 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.16 Introduce Oracle Flex ASM Inter-node volume manager failover and HA for all Oracle 12c DBs ASM Cluster Pool of Storage Disk Group BDisk Group AShared Disk Groups Wide File Striping Databases share ASM instances ASM Instance Database Instance ASM Disk Cluster Node5Node4Node3Node2Node1 Node5 runs as ASM Client to Node4 Node1 runs as ASM Client to Node2 Node1 runs as ASM Client to Node4 Node2 runs as ASM Client to Node3 ASM ASM ASM ASM Instance SI DB SI DB RAC DBA RAC DBA RAC DBA Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.17 ACFS – The ASM based Cluster File System ACFS is part of Oracle GI, hosts all data and is fully integrated ASM Cluster Pool of Storage Disk Group BDisk Group AShared Disk Groups Wide File Striping Databases share ASM instances ASM Instance Database Instance ASM Disk Cluster Node5Node4Node3Node2Node1 ASM ASM ASM SI DB RAC DBA RAC DBA RAC DBA Applications use ACFS for all data ACFS ACFSACFS ACFS ACFS
- 9. 6/21/14 9 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.18 Standardize on Oracle RAC For better availability during maintenance operations Oracle GIDBA DBA DBA Oracle RAC High Availability Scalability Online (rolling) Patch and PSU ApplicationOracle GIDBA DBA Oracle RAC One Node Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.19 Introduce Oracle RAC Step by Step § Overview – Oracle RAC One Node is a RAC-enabled DB running only one instance normally. – In case of a server or instance failure, the one running instance is started on another server in the cluster (failover) § Benefits – Better than 3rd party failover clusters: § Faster failover § Online Database Relocation minimizes planned maintenance (patching). § Integrated into the Oracle RAC Stack Step 2.1: Use Oracle RAC One Node as a minimum DBA DBB DBC DBB DBB Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) Oracle Flex ASM Oracle RAC One Node A Oracle RAC One Node B
- 10. 6/21/14 10 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.20 Database Failover § On failure of – a database (DB) instance – Or the server hosting the DB – Or other failures impacting operation § Oracle RAC One Node will fail over the database instance to another server in the cluster § Servers can be chosen using either administrator-managed or policy- managed resource allocation rules Oracle RAC One Node provides standard DB cold-failover functionality Node3Node2 Oracle Flex ASM based pool of shared storage Node1 Public Network DBB DBCDBA Oracle Grid Infrastructure DBEDBDDBA Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.21 Oracle RAC One Node Failover Shortest failover time compared to third party solutions 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 ASM eliminates need for storage failover RAC One Node Cluster Failover (time) (transactions) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 3rd-Party Failover (time) (transactions) Extensive downtime for storage failover down up Recovers in 25 minutes (source: online payment provider) Recovers in minutes (source: )
- 11. 6/21/14 11 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.22 Online Database Relocation for better HA § Online Database Relocation is the only solution on the market that can minimize downtime during scheduled maintenance operations such as: – Patching (HW, OS, database homes) – Resource re-allocation due to demand Oracle RAC One Node-specific functionality that makes the difference Node3Node2 Oracle Flex ASM based pool of shared storage Node1 Public Network DBB DBC Oracle Grid Infrastructure DBEDBD DBA DBAOnline DB Relocation Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.23 RAC One Node: Online Database Relocation Almost no disruption during planned maintenance 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Online Database Relocation (time) Failover down up 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 (time) Recovers in minutes – source: Almost no disruption – source:
- 12. 6/21/14 12 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.24 Oracle RAC One Node 12c – Summary Oracle RAC One Node 12c provides: 1. Best in-class single instance Oracle Database availability 2. Better database consolidation 3. Better database virtualization Using § A standardized and improved deployment and management § A familiar and matured HA stack – Oracle Grid Infrastructure Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) Oracle Flex ASM CRM Oracle RAC One Node A Oracle RAC One Node B Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.25 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step”: 1. Standardize on Clusters 2. Standardize the Database Deployment 3. Standardize on Oracle RAC § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary
- 13. 6/21/14 13 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.26 Standardize on Oracle RAC For all the flexibility you need Oracle GIDBA DBA Oracle GIDBA DBA DBA Oracle RAC One Node Oracle RAC Flexibility Scalability Online upgrade Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.27 Introduce Oracle RAC Step by Step § Overview – A clustered database solution for high availability (HA), scalability, agility, flexibility and elasticity § Benefits – Runs all database workloads – Foundation for DBaaS – Scale out and scale up on-demand – Highest availability for the database – Flexible workload management Step 3: Standardize on Oracle RAC Oracle Real Application Clusters (RAC) Oracle Grid Infrastructure (GI): Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Oracle Clusterware (OCW) Oracle Flex ASM
- 14. 6/21/14 14 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.28 Oracle RAC One Node vs. Oracle RAC “Always On” vs. “Always Running” Oracle GI DBA DBA DBB DBB Oracle GI DB A DB A DB B DB B § Oracle RAC: multiple instances per database running concurrently § Oracle RAC One Node: one instance per database running at a time Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.29 Failover Times Oracle RAC – always better than any 3rd party implementation 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Oracle RAC (time) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Oracle RAC One Node Failover (time) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 3rd-Party Failover (time) down up Recovers in 25 minutes Recovers in minutes Almost no disruption
- 15. 6/21/14 15 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.30 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step” § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.31 Added Value for Free ACFS & Flex Cluster are free with Oracle RAC (One Node) DBA DBA DBA DBB DBB Hub Nodes Leaf Nodes
- 16. 6/21/14 16 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.32 Oracle Flex Cluster The new standard for resource management in the cluster § Oracle Flex Cluster: – The new standard for flexible resource management in the cluster § Use it as demand requires it § Inherits all Flex ASM HA capabilities § Will support more use cases in future – Efficient High Availability and resource management across tiers § Lightweight cluster stack on leaf nodes – Benefit from virtualization and physical deployments in one cluster DBA DBA DBA DBB DBB Hub Nodes Leaf Nodes Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.33 Added Value for Free Application Continuity & QoS are free with Oracle RAC (One Node) CRM DBA DBA DBA DBA DBA ✔ Database Cloud Services SLA Management JIT Resource Allocation Quality of Service Management
- 17. 6/21/14 17 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.34 Application Continuity & Transaction Guard Mask Unplanned & Planned Outages § Replays in-flight (DML) work on recoverable errors § Masks many hardware, software, network, storage errors and outages when successful § Improves end-user experience and productivity without requiring custom application development CRM DBA DBA DBA DBA DBA ✔ Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.39 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step” § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary
- 18. 6/21/14 18 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.40 Introduce Oracle RAC Step by Step § Overview – Running multiple workloads in a shared infrastructure allows for standardized deployments dividing the costs across multiple projects § Benefits – Cost savings § Using standardized deployments § Utilizing a faster time to market – Cost sharing across projects Consolidation = Share the benefits and reduce the costs 41 Commonwealth Bank n The Commonwealth Bank (CBA) is one of Australia’s leading providers of integrated financial services including retail, business and institutional banking, funds management, superannuation, insurance, investment and broking services. The Bank is one of the largest listed companies on the Australian Stock Exchange.
- 19. 6/21/14 19 42 Introduction n In 2007 CBA set out to create an Oracle database shared service offering for the bank • The offering has been highly successful by several measures • Oracle-as-a-Service has continued to be developed through several iterations n Oracle as a Service (OaaS) v1 – went live May 2008 43 n Host many Oracle database applications on a cluster of hardware n Processor consolidation • Run each server hotter • Take advantage of complimentary workload peaks. n Higher Availability • Load balancing • HA failover for component failure • Standby DR • Most apps do not implement these features – too expensive n Cost Reduction n Better Service • Full time experts • Always on-call n Reduced Risk • Whole environment is managed • Operated as a “business” Oracle as a Service In A Nutshell
- 20. 6/21/14 20 44 Reduce Risk, Improve Time to Market n For new Projects: • Remove a phase from the project – infrastructure already in place • Remove reliance on expensive/scarce SME resources for design and build • No longer need to manage risk associated with procurement and build • Time to instantiate a new Production quality environment: 3 months -> 2 minutes. n Example: New ISV Application introduced into our Online Share Trading platform • Required to test performance under the workload & data volume conditions projected in 2 years time. Dedicated Infrastructure OaaS Implementation Time 3-4 months few hours $ Cost to Project Several hundred thousand < $10K On Project Completion Under-utilized asset remains Environment turned-off Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.45 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step” § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary
- 21. 6/21/14 21 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.46 Oracle RAC and Virtualization Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.47 Virtualization – a Black Box Approach A simple solution without insight Bare-Metal Server DOM-0 Hypervisor Guest Dom-0 Guest Bare-Metal Server DOM-0Hypervisor Dom-0 GuestGuest
- 22. 6/21/14 22 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.48 Live Migration = Moving a Black Box Live Migration moves a black box from one server to another Bare-Metal Server DOM-0 Hypervisor Guest Dom-0 Guest Bare-Metal Server DOM-0Hypervisor Dom-0 GuestGuest Live Migration Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.49 Virtual Machine HA = Restarting a Black Box Virtual Machine HA restarts / fails over a virtual machine on failure Bare-Metal Server DOM-0 Hypervisor Guest Dom-0 Guest Bare-Metal Server DOM-0Hypervisor Dom-0 GuestGuest
- 23. 6/21/14 23 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.50 Virtual Machine HA = Restarting a Black Box But what if the application needs attention? Bare-Metal Server DOM-0 Hypervisor Guest Dom-0 Guest Bare-Metal Server DOM-0Hypervisor Dom-0 Guest DBA ? Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.51 High Availability Requires Insight The Oracle RAC Stack provides the insight Bare-Metal Server DOM-0 Hypervisor Guest Dom-0 Guest Bare-Metal Server DOM-0Hypervisor Dom-0 GuestGuest DBC1DBA1 +1 DBC2 DBA2 +1
- 24. 6/21/14 24 Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.52 Agenda § Overview § Introduce Oracle RAC “Step-by-Step” § Add Additional Value Free of Charge § Use Consolidation to Reduce Costs § Oracle RAC and Oracle VM § Summary Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.53 Oracle Database 12c High Availability Four Standard Reference Architectures Service Level Application Impact Proposed Solution SILVER High Availability (HA) for Recoverable Local Outages Data protected as of last backup Use Oracle RAC One Node GOLD Comprehensive HA and Disaster Protection Zero or near-zero data loss Standardize on Oracle RAC PLATINUM Zero Outage for Platinum Ready Applications Zero data loss Use Oracle RAC & Application Continuity BRONZE Single Instance Database, Basic Service Restart Data protected as of last backup Standardize on Clusters
- 25. 6/21/14 25 Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.54 15000+ Customers and counting… Copyright © 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.55