The Ring programming language version 1.5.3 book - Part 9 of 184
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Here are the key things to note about function tracing in Ring 1.5: - RingVM_SetTrace() allows setting a function to be called on trace events. This function will receive information about each event. - RingVM_TraceData() returns an array with details about the current trace event like line number, file name, function name, etc. - RingVM_TraceEvent() returns the type of event that triggered the trace, like new line, new function, return, etc. - Additional functions provide information like the current function name, number of scopes, etc. - RingVM_EvalInScope() allows evaluating code in a specific scope. - The trace function receives
![Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3
see nl +
"Line Number : " + ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_LINENUMBER] + nl +
"File Name : " + ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_FILENAME] + nl +
"Function Name : " + ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_FUNCNAME] + nl +
"Method or Function : "
if ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_METHODORFUNC] =
TRACEDATA_METHODORFUNC_METHOD
see "Method"
else
if ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_FUNCNAME] = NULL
see "Command"
else
see "Function"
ok
ok
see nl + Copy("=",42) + nl
class myclass
func mymethod
see "Message from mymethod" + nl
Output:
====== The Trace function is Active ======
Trace Function Name : mytrace()
Trace Event : After C Function
Line Number : 3
File Name : test1.ring
Function Name : ringvm_settrace
Method or Function : Function
==========================================
====== The Trace function is Active ======
Trace Function Name : mytrace()
Trace Event : New Line
Line Number : 5
File Name : test1.ring
Function Name :
Method or Function : Command
==========================================
Hello, world!
====== The Trace function is Active ======
Trace Function Name : mytrace()
Trace Event : New Line
Line Number : 6
File Name : test1.ring
Function Name :
Method or Function : Command
==========================================
Welcome
====== The Trace function is Active ======
Trace Function Name : mytrace()
Trace Event : New Line
Line Number : 7
File Name : test1.ring
Function Name :
Method or Function : Command
==========================================
How are you?
4.14. Ring VM - Tracing Functions 62](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/81fayedringdoc1-180327101358/85/The-Ring-programming-language-version-1-5-3-book-Part-9-of-184-8-320.jpg)
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The Ring programming language version 1.5.3 book - Part 9 of 184
- 1. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 fontMenu = glutCreateMenu(:processFontMenu) glutAddMenuEntry("BITMAP_8_BY_13 ",C_INT_GLUT_BITMAP_8_BY_13 ) glutAddMenuEntry("BITMAP_9_BY_15",C_INT_GLUT_BITMAP_9_BY_15 ) glutAddMenuEntry("BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_10 ",C_INT_GLUT_BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_10 ) glutAddMenuEntry("BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_24",C_INT_GLUT_BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_24 ) glutAddMenuEntry("BITMAP_HELVETICA_10 ",C_INT_GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_10 ) glutAddMenuEntry("BITMAP_HELVETICA_12",C_INT_GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12 ) glutAddMenuEntry("BITMAP_HELVETICA_18",C_INT_GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18 ) fillMenu = glutCreateMenu(:processFillMenu) glutAddMenuEntry("Fill",C_FILL) glutAddMenuEntry("Line",C_LINE) colorMenu = glutCreateMenu(:processColorMenu) glutAddMenuEntry("Red",C_RED); glutAddMenuEntry("Blue",C_BLUE); glutAddMenuEntry("Green",C_GREEN); glutAddMenuEntry("Orange",C_ORANGE); mainMenu = glutCreateMenu(:processMainMenu) glutAddSubMenu("Polygon Mode", fillMenu) glutAddSubMenu("Color", colorMenu) glutAddSubMenu("Font",fontMenu) // attach the menu to the right button glutAttachMenu(GLUT_RIGHT_BUTTON) // this will allow us to know if the menu is active glutMenuStatusFunc(:processMenuStatus) // ----------------------------------- // MAIN // ----------------------------------- func main // init GLUT and create window glutInit() glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGBA) glutInitWindowPosition(100,100) glutInitWindowSize(320,320) glutCreateWindow("RingFreeGLUT - Test - 9 SnowMan") // register callbacks glutDisplayFunc(:renderScene) glutReshapeFunc(:changeSize) glutIdleFunc(:renderScene) glutIgnoreKeyRepeat(1) glutKeyboardFunc(:processNormalKeys) glutSpecialFunc(:pressKey) glutSpecialUpFunc(:releaseKey) // here are the two new functions glutMouseFunc(:mouseButton) 4.10. RingFreeGLUT Extension 55
- 2. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 glutMotionFunc(:mouseMove) // OpenGL init glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE) // init Menus createPopupMenus() // enter GLUT event processing cycle glutMainLoop() Screen Shots: 4.10. RingFreeGLUT Extension 56
- 3. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 4.11 RingOpenGL Extension Ring 1.5 comes with RingOpenGL and support for the next versions • OpenGL 1.1 • OpenGL 1.2 • OpenGL 1.3 • OpenGL 1.4 • OpenGL 1.5 • OpenGL 2.0 • OpenGL 2.1 • OpenGL 3.0 • OpenGL 3.2 • OpenGL 3.3 • OpenGL 4.0 • OpenGL 4.1 • OpenGL 4.2 • OpenGL 4.3 • OpenGL 4.4 • OpenGL 4.5 • OpenGL 4.6 Example: /* This sample is based on C Tutorials from : http://www.wikihow.com/Make-a-Cube-in-OpenGL */ load "freeglut.ring" load "opengl21lib.ring" // ---------------------------------------------------------- // Global Variables // ---------------------------------------------------------- rotate_y=0 rotate_x=0 // ---------------------------------------------------------- // display() Callback function // ---------------------------------------------------------- func display // Clear screen and Z-buffer glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT) // Reset transformations 4.11. RingOpenGL Extension 57
- 4. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 glLoadIdentity() // Rotate when user changes rotate_x and rotate_y glRotatef( rotate_x, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ) glRotatef( rotate_y, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 ) //Multi-colored side - FRONT glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glColor3f( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 ) # P1 is red glColor3f( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 ) # P2 is green glColor3f( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, 0.5, -0.5 ) # P3 is blue glColor3f( 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 ) # P4 is purple glEnd() // White side - BACK glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glColor3f( 1.0, 1.0, 1.0 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 ) glEnd() // Purple side - RIGHT glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glColor3f( 1.0, 0.0, 1.0 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5, 0.5 ) glEnd() // Green side - LEFT glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glColor3f( 0.0, 1.0, 0.0 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, 0.5, -0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 ) glEnd() // Blue side - TOP glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glColor3f( 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, 0.5, -0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, 0.5, -0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, 0.5, 0.5 ) glEnd() // Red side - BOTTOM glBegin(GL_POLYGON) glColor3f( 1.0, 0.0, 0.0 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5, -0.5 ) glVertex3f( 0.5, -0.5, 0.5 ) glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, 0.5 ) 4.11. RingOpenGL Extension 58
- 5. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 glVertex3f( -0.5, -0.5, -0.5 ) glEnd() glFlush() glutSwapBuffers() // ---------------------------------------------------------- // specialKeys() Callback Function // ---------------------------------------------------------- func specialKeys key = glutEventKey() // Right arrow - increase rotation by 5 degree switch Key on GLUT_KEY_RIGHT rotate_y += 5 // Left arrow - decrease rotation by 5 degree on GLUT_KEY_LEFT rotate_y -= 5 on GLUT_KEY_UP rotate_x += 5 on GLUT_KEY_DOWN rotate_x -= 5 off // Request display update glutPostRedisplay() // ---------------------------------------------------------- // main() function // ---------------------------------------------------------- func main // Initialize GLUT and process user parameters glutInit() // Request double buffered true color window with Z-buffer glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH) // Create window glutCreateWindow("Awesome Cube") // Enable Z-buffer depth test glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) // Callback functions glutDisplayFunc(:display) glutSpecialFunc(:specialKeys) 4.11. RingOpenGL Extension 59
- 6. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 // Pass control to GLUT for events glutMainLoop() // Return to OS Screen Shot: 4.12 Better Code Generator for Extensions The Code Generator is updated to support <constant> type, So we can have constants other than numbers, for example : Strings and Pointers. When we have pointers we can determine the pointer type. To use this feature, before <constant> and </constant> we can use $nDefaultConstantType = C_CONSTANT_TYPE_POINTER $cDefaultConstantPointerType = "void *" The next example from the RingFreeGLUT extension <runcode> $nDefaultConstantType = C_CONSTANT_TYPE_POINTER $cDefaultConstantPointerType = "void" </runcode> <constant> GLUT_STROKE_ROMAN GLUT_STROKE_MONO_ROMAN GLUT_BITMAP_9_BY_15 GLUT_BITMAP_8_BY_13 GLUT_BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_10 GLUT_BITMAP_TIMES_ROMAN_24 GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_10 GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_12 4.12. Better Code Generator for Extensions 60
- 7. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18 </constant> 4.13 Better Documentation Generator for Extensions The documentation generator for extensions is updated to generate a list of constants in the generated documentation The previous versions provides the functions prototype only, Now we have the list of constants too. 4.14 Ring VM - Tracing Functions In Ring 1.5 the next functions are added to Ring VM • RingVM_SetTrace(cCode) • RingVM_TraceData() –> aDataList • RingVM_TraceEvent() –> nTraceEvent • RingVM_TraceFunc() –> cCode • RingVM_ScopesCount() –> nScopes • RingVM_EvalInScope(nScope,cCode) • RingVM_PassError() • RingVM_HideErrorMsg(lStatus) • RingVM_CallFunc(cFuncName) Example: load "tracelib.ring" ringvm_settrace("mytrace()") see "Hello, world!" + nl see "Welcome" + nl see "How are you?" +nl mytest() new myclass { mymethod() } func mytest see "Message from mytest" + nl func mytrace see "====== The Trace function is Active ======" + nl + "Trace Function Name : " + ringvm_TraceFunc() + nl + "Trace Event : " switch ringvm_TraceEvent() on TRACEEVENT_NEWLINE see "New Line" on TRACEEVENT_NEWFUNC see "New Function" on TRACEEVENT_RETURN see "Return" on TRACEEVENT_ERROR see "Error" on TRACEEVENT_BEFORECFUNC see "Before C Function" on TRACEEVENT_AFTERCFUNC see "After C Function" off 4.13. Better Documentation Generator for Extensions 61
- 8. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 see nl + "Line Number : " + ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_LINENUMBER] + nl + "File Name : " + ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_FILENAME] + nl + "Function Name : " + ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_FUNCNAME] + nl + "Method or Function : " if ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_METHODORFUNC] = TRACEDATA_METHODORFUNC_METHOD see "Method" else if ringvm_tracedata()[TRACEDATA_FUNCNAME] = NULL see "Command" else see "Function" ok ok see nl + Copy("=",42) + nl class myclass func mymethod see "Message from mymethod" + nl Output: ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : After C Function Line Number : 3 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : ringvm_settrace Method or Function : Function ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 5 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== Hello, world! ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 6 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== Welcome ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 7 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== How are you? 4.14. Ring VM - Tracing Functions 62
- 9. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 8 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Function Line Number : 8 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : mytest Method or Function : Function ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 12 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : mytest Method or Function : Function ========================================== Message from mytest ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 14 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : mytest Method or Function : Function ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : Return Line Number : 8 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 9 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 43 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== 4.14. Ring VM - Tracing Functions 63
- 10. Ring Documentation, Release 1.5.3 Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : Before C Function Line Number : 9 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : ismethod Method or Function : Function ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : After C Function Line Number : 9 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : ismethod Method or Function : Function ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Function Line Number : 9 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : mymethod Method or Function : Method ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : New Line Line Number : 44 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : mymethod Method or Function : Method ========================================== Message from mymethod ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : Return Line Number : 9 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : Method or Function : Command ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : Before C Function Line Number : 9 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : ismethod Method or Function : Function ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() Trace Event : After C Function Line Number : 9 File Name : test1.ring Function Name : ismethod Method or Function : Function ========================================== ====== The Trace function is Active ====== Trace Function Name : mytrace() 4.14. Ring VM - Tracing Functions 64