The document discusses various Python datatypes. It explains that Python supports built-in and user-defined datatypes. The main built-in datatypes are None, numeric, sequence, set and mapping types. Numeric types include int, float and complex. Common sequence types are str, bytes, list, tuple and range. Sets can be created using set and frozenset datatypes. Mapping types represent a group of key-value pairs like dictionaries.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in Python including:
- Python is a dynamically typed language where variables are not explicitly defined and can change type.
- Names and identifiers in Python are case sensitive and follow specific conventions.
- Python uses indentation rather than brackets to define blocks of code.
- Core data types in Python include numeric, string, list, tuple, dictionary, set, boolean and file types. Each has specific characteristics and operators.
The document discusses string operations in C programming. It defines strings as arrays of characters terminated by a null character. It provides examples of declaring and initializing string variables. Functions like strlen, strcpy, strcmp, strcat and reverse are discussed which perform operations on strings like finding length, copying, comparing, concatenating and reversing strings. The document also provides algorithms and functions to check if a string is a palindrome, find a substring and convert a string to uppercase.
This document provides an overview of string handling in C programming. It discusses how strings are represented as character arrays and terminated with a null character. It describes declaring, initializing, and manipulating strings through built-in string functions like strlen(), strcpy(), strcmp(), strcat(), strlwr(), and strrev(). Examples are given to illustrate how each string function works and how to use them to process strings as complete entities.
An array is a collection of data that holds a fixed number of values of the same type. Arrays allow storing multiple values in a single variable through indices. There are one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and multi-dimensional arrays. One-dimensional arrays use a single subscript, two-dimensional arrays use two subscripts like rows and columns, and multi-dimensional arrays can have more than two subscripts. Arrays can be initialized during declaration with values or initialized at runtime by user input or other methods. Elements are accessed using their indices and operations can be performed on the elements.
1) The document discusses different aspects of structures in C programming such as defining a structure, initializing structures, accessing structure members, arrays of structures, nested structures, and pointers to structures.
2) A structure allows grouping of different data types under a single name and is useful for representing records with multiple attributes of an entity.
3) Structures can contain other structures to represent nested relationships between entities. Pointers to structures allow structures to be passed to functions and returned from functions.
Union allows different data types to share the same memory location, but can hold the value of only one member at a time. The total memory allocated is equal to the size of the largest member. An example shows a union with members percent and grade, where assigning a float to percent and then character to grade both use the same memory location but overwrite each other. Enumerated data types define symbolic constants for integer values starting from zero, such as an enum defining colors red, yellow and green as constants 0, 1 and 2 respectively.
Structures in C allow grouping of different data types under a single name for convenient handling. A structure is declared using the typedef statement, specifying the structure name and members. Structures can be nested by including one structure as a member of another. Arrays of structures and pointers to structures can also be declared. Structures are commonly used with functions to organize related data.
This document discusses one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays. It defines arrays as data structures that can hold multiple values of the same type stored consecutively in memory. One-dimensional arrays use a single set of indexes, while multi-dimensional arrays have two or more indexes to access elements. The document provides syntax examples and demonstrates how to initialize, read from, and display one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays. It also lists some example programs involving arrays.
Here are the answers to the exercises:
1. The len() method is used to find the length of a string.
2. To get the first character of the string txt, it would be:
txt="hello"
x=txt[0]
3. The strip() method removes any whitespace from the beginning or the end of a string.
The document discusses arrays, pointers, and arrays of pointers in C programming. It defines an array as a collection of homogeneous data items stored contiguously in memory that is declared using a data type, variable name, and size. It also provides the syntax for declaring and accessing array elements. The document then defines a pointer as a variable that stores the address of another variable and gives the syntax for declaring pointer variables. Finally, it defines an array of pointers as a linear sequence of memory locations that each represent a pointer and shows the syntax for declaring an array of pointers.
The document discusses various Python datatypes. It explains that Python supports built-in and user-defined datatypes. The main built-in datatypes are None, numeric, sequence, set and mapping types. Numeric types include int, float and complex. Common sequence types are str, bytes, list, tuple and range. Sets can be created using set and frozenset datatypes. Mapping types represent a group of key-value pairs like dictionaries.
This document provides an overview of key concepts in Python including:
- Python is a dynamically typed language where variables are not explicitly defined and can change type.
- Names and identifiers in Python are case sensitive and follow specific conventions.
- Python uses indentation rather than brackets to define blocks of code.
- Core data types in Python include numeric, string, list, tuple, dictionary, set, boolean and file types. Each has specific characteristics and operators.
The document discusses string operations in C programming. It defines strings as arrays of characters terminated by a null character. It provides examples of declaring and initializing string variables. Functions like strlen, strcpy, strcmp, strcat and reverse are discussed which perform operations on strings like finding length, copying, comparing, concatenating and reversing strings. The document also provides algorithms and functions to check if a string is a palindrome, find a substring and convert a string to uppercase.
This document provides an overview of string handling in C programming. It discusses how strings are represented as character arrays and terminated with a null character. It describes declaring, initializing, and manipulating strings through built-in string functions like strlen(), strcpy(), strcmp(), strcat(), strlwr(), and strrev(). Examples are given to illustrate how each string function works and how to use them to process strings as complete entities.
An array is a collection of data that holds a fixed number of values of the same type. Arrays allow storing multiple values in a single variable through indices. There are one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and multi-dimensional arrays. One-dimensional arrays use a single subscript, two-dimensional arrays use two subscripts like rows and columns, and multi-dimensional arrays can have more than two subscripts. Arrays can be initialized during declaration with values or initialized at runtime by user input or other methods. Elements are accessed using their indices and operations can be performed on the elements.
1) The document discusses different aspects of structures in C programming such as defining a structure, initializing structures, accessing structure members, arrays of structures, nested structures, and pointers to structures.
2) A structure allows grouping of different data types under a single name and is useful for representing records with multiple attributes of an entity.
3) Structures can contain other structures to represent nested relationships between entities. Pointers to structures allow structures to be passed to functions and returned from functions.
Union allows different data types to share the same memory location, but can hold the value of only one member at a time. The total memory allocated is equal to the size of the largest member. An example shows a union with members percent and grade, where assigning a float to percent and then character to grade both use the same memory location but overwrite each other. Enumerated data types define symbolic constants for integer values starting from zero, such as an enum defining colors red, yellow and green as constants 0, 1 and 2 respectively.
Structures in C allow grouping of different data types under a single name for convenient handling. A structure is declared using the typedef statement, specifying the structure name and members. Structures can be nested by including one structure as a member of another. Arrays of structures and pointers to structures can also be declared. Structures are commonly used with functions to organize related data.
This document discusses one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays. It defines arrays as data structures that can hold multiple values of the same type stored consecutively in memory. One-dimensional arrays use a single set of indexes, while multi-dimensional arrays have two or more indexes to access elements. The document provides syntax examples and demonstrates how to initialize, read from, and display one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays. It also lists some example programs involving arrays.
Here are the answers to the exercises:
1. The len() method is used to find the length of a string.
2. To get the first character of the string txt, it would be:
txt="hello"
x=txt[0]
3. The strip() method removes any whitespace from the beginning or the end of a string.
The document discusses arrays, pointers, and arrays of pointers in C programming. It defines an array as a collection of homogeneous data items stored contiguously in memory that is declared using a data type, variable name, and size. It also provides the syntax for declaring and accessing array elements. The document then defines a pointer as a variable that stores the address of another variable and gives the syntax for declaring pointer variables. Finally, it defines an array of pointers as a linear sequence of memory locations that each represent a pointer and shows the syntax for declaring an array of pointers.
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【文凭认证】多大毕业证认证Q/微:892798920办多伦多大学毕业证留信留服使馆公证,多大硕士毕业证,U of T研究生毕业证,文凭,改U of T成绩单,GPA,学士学位证,硕士学位证,offer雅思考试申请学校University of Toronto Diploma,Degree,Transcript