trans1203year.docx
- 2. Contents •
- 3. Introduction • SEX: Is the trait that determines whether a sexually reproducing organism produces male gamete (XY) or female gamete(XX). • GENDER: The behavioral , cultural or psychological traits with which they associate themselves with. • What is transgender? • A transgender Person is someone whose gender identity or gender expression doesn’t correspond with the sex they were assigned at birth. • Subdivision: • Transwoman • Transman • Transwoman: • A person who is registered as male at birth but
- 4. • LGBTQA+ • Despite the distinction between sexual orientation and gender, throughout history gay, lesbian and bisexual subcultures were often the only places where gender-variant people were socially accepted in the gender role they felt they belonged to; especially during the time when legal or medical transitioning was almost impossible. This acceptance has had a complex history. • The trans community only experienced a surge in activism during the start of the twenty-first century.Due to the many different groups that make up the broader LGBT movement, there are those within the larger community who do not believe that the trans community has a place within the LGBT space. • TRANSGENDER HEALTHCARE:
- 5. people to seek treatment to improve their quality of life. • Many transgender people also seek mental health treatment for depression and anxiety caused by the stigma attached to being transgender, and some transgender people have stressed the importance of acknowledging their gender identity with a therapist in order to discuss other quality-of-life issues. • PHYSICAL HEALTHCARE • Medical and surgical procedures exist for transsexual andHormone replacement therapy for trans men induces beard growth and masculinizes skin, hair, voice, and fat distribution. • Hormone replacement therapy for trans women feminizes fat distribution and breasts, as well as diminishes muscle mass and strength. Laser hair removal or electrolysis removes excess hair for trans women. • Surgical procedures for trans women feminize the voice, skin, face, Adam’s apple, breasts, waist, buttocks, and genitals. Surgical
- 6. • POLICIES AND WELFARE SCHEMES FOR TRANSGENDER IN INDIA: • On 14 th April 2014 ,Supreme Court identified TRANSGENDER as third gender,directs states to treat them as “socially and educationally” backward classes and extend reservation in education and employment. • On 24 th April, 2015,a bill on transgender rights , seeks to mainstream transgender was passed by Rajya Sabha. The bill seeks protection for transgender rights amd guarantees reservation in education and employment, financial aid and social inclusion. • The bill has 58 clauses in ten chapters dealing with different aspects ranging from social inclusion, rights and entitlements, financial and legal aid , education, skill development the prevention of abuse ,violence and
- 7. • Provision in indian penal code: Police atrocities on transgender people: Cases of atrocities by police against transgender people have been highlighted in media and brought to the notice of court, all though no separate data is maintained by NCRB .However, they has been no evidence or study of systemic bias Or discriminatory attitude in law enforcement agencies against transgender people. • Section 375 IPC : The criminal amendment bill 2011 , introduce in parliament, proposed to replace the word rape wherever it occurs , in relevant sections of IPC by the words sexual assault, to make the offence of sexual assault gender neutral, and also widening the scope of the offence sexual assault. • Government of India: National Policy • Government of India has asked the states to
- 8. • In 2017, the Manonmaniam Sundaranar University began offering free tuition to transgender students. • Exclusive Mobile App, “Thirunangaial” has been developed to enable transgender to register their details and easily avail Identity Card. It also helps to enumerate the transgenders by their age, educational qualification, residence, etc. to formulate welfare schemes for them. • Transgender Welfare Board on 15.04.2008 to empower the Transgenders through various services as Identity Cards, Ration Cards, House Pattas, residential Homes, Free Sewing Machines, Higher Education assistance, Self Help Groups, free bus travel in Ordinary fare city buses, free skill trainings, Grant upto Rs.50,000/- for income generating activities.
- 9. Multi-Specialty Transgender Clinic at RGGGH, Chennai runs every Friday. • NGO’s in India which are working for the transgender community. • Sahodari Foundation is a pioneer association in India which has been voicing for transsexual and non binary community of India since 2007. • The association is a family, a movement, and a group of youthful transsexual individuals that was established by artist, transgender rights activist, and writer Kalki Subramaniam. • Tamil Nadu-based social organisation, ‘Thozhi’, has joined hands with a hospital to provide free Hepatitis vaccine for the transgender community.
- 10. Ministry. • DIFFICULTIES FACED BY TRANSGENDERS: • Transgender individuals face discrimination within their own family units and schools, in employment and housing, within government settings, through hate crimes, and under the justice and legal systems. • Homeless transgender youth are more likely to turn to drug dealing, car theft, and sexual exploitation. • Transgender individuals are also oftentimes discriminated within government settings through healthcare policies and government-issued IDs.
- 11. them. Among fellow employees, potential teasing and/or discrimination can arise further affecting the emotional state of transgender workers. • Those who identify as transgender at an early age may have troubles when their identity conflicts with judgment from traditional school protocol, whether public or private. Discrimination may come from classmates who tease or physically harm transgender people as a result of transphobia. • Transgender individuals are faced with deciding whether to use a bathroom that coincides with their gender identity or a bathroom that coincides with the sex they were assigned with at birth. •
- 12. • JUDICIAL FIGHTS FOR TRANSGENDER RIGHTS: • There is urgent need to refine the Rights of the Transgender as it is important to see whether the rights of the third gender community are followed and have either helped them to live freely or not. • National Legal Service Authority vs. Union of India and Others 15th April 2014 • S Swapna vs. State of Tamil Nadu 20th August 2014. • Ganga Kumari vs. State of Rajasthan 13th November 2017 . • Policies have been made both the government and the law but it is mandatory to see whether these policies are amended or followed. • • More reliable source should come in action to see the approach. • • Law and crime enforcement system of the country should be improved and refined so that people can strictly follow it. • • Violence against transgender needs to stop and it can only be done if strict actions against those criminals are taken by the Law. • • Strict actions need to be taken against the family and the parents who neglect their child just because of being a transgender. • • Free legal assistance should be provided to the transgender people to improve their social life. • • Education sector like schools and colleges needs to be supportive against these people to provide them same value and respect in the society. •
- 13. CONCLUSION • A nationwide campaign should be arranged among the people to create a scope of awareness for these people and acceptance. People should open their hearts and mind to accept these beautiful creations as humans in the world.