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Turning Kubernetes into
the Cloud
Volodymyr Tsap @FWDays 2025
What is Cloud?
• Servers
• Virtualization
• Software-Defined
Networking (VPC)
• Storage
• Multi-Tenant
Infrastructure
• Authentication & Authorization
• Managed Services
• API - Infrastructure as
Code
• Flexible Pricing
Public Cloud Definitely Has Its Pros:
• SLA, Multi-AZ (but modern data centers and servers run reliably for
years)
• Managed Services (but almost everything can run on Kubernetes)
But What If I Use Dedicated Servers and Run My Infrastructure on Bare Metal? Because:
• Cloud pricing for hardware and traffic is high. Sample Calculations.
• I only use a few services: VMs, Kubernetes, RDS, S3, DNS
• I need professional engineers (DevOps/SRE) to set up a modern cloud
• I don’t want vendor lock-in
How we run stuff nowadays? How we want?
What Orchestration Options Are Available?
• VMware + Tanzu – Extremely expensive
• OpenStack – Free but requires learning new tooling and building a
custom platform
• Proxmox – Good for virtualization but lacks Kubernetes and
containers
• OpenShift & OKD – Complex, costly, and has a steep learning curve
• Rancher – No VMs and lacks multi-tenancy
Let’s Build Our Own Cloud with Kubernetes as the Foundation. Why Kubernetes?
• Most software can run on top of it (adoption rate >80%)
• Supports any hardware and OS, with modern hardware designed for
Kubernetes
• Powerful API with extensibility
• Built-in support for controllers and operators
First Draft of Requirements
Problem:
Missing Cloud-Like Features in Kubernetes.
Problem?
Multi-Tenancy
Requirement:
• Each organization should have its own authentication, accounts,
projects, and users.
Solution:
• Implemented: Organizations, Projects, and Organization Groups.
• Keycloak realm per Org and custom controller to manage them via the
Kubernetes API.
Multi-Tenancy
Public Cloud Kube-DC
Organization Organization CRD
Cloud Account Project CRD (Kubernetes Namespace)
IAM Role Organization Group CRD
IAM Policy Kubernetes Role
Multi-Tenancy
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
Requirements:
• VPC subnets per project and organization
• Ability to connect VLANs and Provider Networks
• Load balancers and gateways
• Support for modern networking hardware (DPU, SR-
IOV, Offloading)
Software-Defined Networking (SDN)
Solution:
• Kube-OVN CNI with Multus
• Custom controller manage VPCs, Subnets, EIP, Floating IPs
• Load Balancers implemented as Kubernetes Service type
LoadBalancer
using OpenVSwitch.
Virtualization
Requirements:
• Ability to run traditional VMs and migrate legacy
workloads
• Support for auto-scaling groups
• Passthrough support for GPUs and GPU virtualization
Solution:
• KubeVirt with additional custom wrappers
Logging, Monitoring, and Cost Management
Requirement:
• Capture metrics, logs, and support OpenTelemetry.
Solution:
• Built on Prometheus, Loki, and Grafana Alloy.
• Custom Billing Operator(similar to KubeCost)
Manageability & Easy Upgrades
Requirement:
• Infrastructure upgrades with zero downtime
Solution:
• K3s with System Upgrade Controller
"Turning Kubernetes into a full-fledged private cloud", Volodymyr Tsap
Managed Services
• Namespace as a Service – A namespace maps to a project
where users can run Kubernetes resources and Helm charts.
• Users can also run:
• Classic VMs
• Dedicated Kubernetes clusters
• Partially dedicated clusters (e.g., vCluster) with flexible
networking.
• Future plans to extend managed services:
• RDS (PostgreSQL/MySQL)
• S3 storage (MinIO/Rook-Ceph)
• Kafka, Redis
• LLM & AI workloads
UI: Simple, Intuitive, Quick!
UI: Simple, Intuitive, Quick!
DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO
DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO
DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO
Join the waitlist to get the first release!
kube-dc.com
Thank you! Now Questions?
voa@shalb.com
https://www.linkedin.com/in/voatsap/
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Ad

"Turning Kubernetes into a full-fledged private cloud", Volodymyr Tsap

  • 1. Turning Kubernetes into the Cloud Volodymyr Tsap @FWDays 2025
  • 2. What is Cloud? • Servers • Virtualization • Software-Defined Networking (VPC) • Storage • Multi-Tenant Infrastructure • Authentication & Authorization • Managed Services • API - Infrastructure as Code • Flexible Pricing
  • 3. Public Cloud Definitely Has Its Pros: • SLA, Multi-AZ (but modern data centers and servers run reliably for years) • Managed Services (but almost everything can run on Kubernetes)
  • 4. But What If I Use Dedicated Servers and Run My Infrastructure on Bare Metal? Because: • Cloud pricing for hardware and traffic is high. Sample Calculations. • I only use a few services: VMs, Kubernetes, RDS, S3, DNS • I need professional engineers (DevOps/SRE) to set up a modern cloud • I don’t want vendor lock-in
  • 5. How we run stuff nowadays? How we want?
  • 6. What Orchestration Options Are Available? • VMware + Tanzu – Extremely expensive • OpenStack – Free but requires learning new tooling and building a custom platform • Proxmox – Good for virtualization but lacks Kubernetes and containers • OpenShift & OKD – Complex, costly, and has a steep learning curve • Rancher – No VMs and lacks multi-tenancy
  • 7. Let’s Build Our Own Cloud with Kubernetes as the Foundation. Why Kubernetes? • Most software can run on top of it (adoption rate >80%) • Supports any hardware and OS, with modern hardware designed for Kubernetes • Powerful API with extensibility • Built-in support for controllers and operators
  • 8. First Draft of Requirements
  • 9. Problem: Missing Cloud-Like Features in Kubernetes. Problem?
  • 10. Multi-Tenancy Requirement: • Each organization should have its own authentication, accounts, projects, and users. Solution: • Implemented: Organizations, Projects, and Organization Groups. • Keycloak realm per Org and custom controller to manage them via the Kubernetes API.
  • 11. Multi-Tenancy Public Cloud Kube-DC Organization Organization CRD Cloud Account Project CRD (Kubernetes Namespace) IAM Role Organization Group CRD IAM Policy Kubernetes Role
  • 13. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Requirements: • VPC subnets per project and organization • Ability to connect VLANs and Provider Networks • Load balancers and gateways • Support for modern networking hardware (DPU, SR- IOV, Offloading)
  • 14. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) Solution: • Kube-OVN CNI with Multus • Custom controller manage VPCs, Subnets, EIP, Floating IPs • Load Balancers implemented as Kubernetes Service type LoadBalancer using OpenVSwitch.
  • 15. Virtualization Requirements: • Ability to run traditional VMs and migrate legacy workloads • Support for auto-scaling groups • Passthrough support for GPUs and GPU virtualization Solution: • KubeVirt with additional custom wrappers
  • 16. Logging, Monitoring, and Cost Management Requirement: • Capture metrics, logs, and support OpenTelemetry. Solution: • Built on Prometheus, Loki, and Grafana Alloy. • Custom Billing Operator(similar to KubeCost)
  • 17. Manageability & Easy Upgrades Requirement: • Infrastructure upgrades with zero downtime Solution: • K3s with System Upgrade Controller
  • 19. Managed Services • Namespace as a Service – A namespace maps to a project where users can run Kubernetes resources and Helm charts. • Users can also run: • Classic VMs • Dedicated Kubernetes clusters • Partially dedicated clusters (e.g., vCluster) with flexible networking. • Future plans to extend managed services: • RDS (PostgreSQL/MySQL) • S3 storage (MinIO/Rook-Ceph) • Kafka, Redis • LLM & AI workloads
  • 22. DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO DEMO
  • 23. Join the waitlist to get the first release! kube-dc.com
  • 24. Thank you! Now Questions? [email protected] https://www.linkedin.com/in/voatsap/