Understanding Artificial intelligence
Download as PPTX, PDF1 like3,585 views
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the study and creation of intelligent machines and software. The document discusses the history and goals of AI, including how it was founded in the 1950s and experienced periods of increased and decreased funding. It also covers what intelligence is, definitions of artificial intelligence, tools and applications of AI in various industries, as well as the pros and cons of AI technology.
![History of Artificial Intelligence
AI
07
In the early 1980s, AI research was revived by the commercial success of expert
systems, a form of AI program that simulated the knowledge and analytical skills of
one or more human experts. By 1985 the market for AI had reached over a billion
dollars. At the same time, Japan's fifth generation computer project inspired the
U.S and British governments to restore funding for academic research in the field.
However, beginning with the collapse of the Lisp Machine market in 1987, AI once
again fell into disrepute, and a second, longer lasting AI winter began. In the 1990s
and early 21st century, AI achieved its greatest successes. Artificial intelligence is
used for logistics, data mining, medical diagnosis and many other areas
throughout the technology industry.[12] The success was due to several factors:
the increasing computational power of computers (see Moore's law), a greater
emphasis on solving specific sub problems, the creation of new ties between AI
and other fields working on similar problems, and a new commitment by
researchers to solid mathematical methods and rigorous scientific standards.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/artificialintelligence-141016100444-conversion-gate01/85/Understanding-Artificial-intelligence-7-320.jpg)
Ad
More Related Content
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked (20)
Ad
Similar to Understanding Artificial intelligence (20)
Ad
More from Ila Group (12)
Recently uploaded (19)
Understanding Artificial intelligence
- 2. What Is Artificial AI 02 •Made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally, typically as a copy of something Natural. •Not existing naturally
- 3. What Is Intelligence • Intelligence is the ability to learn about, to learn from, to understand about, and interact with one’s environment. •The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. AI 03
- 4. What Is Artificial Intelligence the study and design of Intelligent agents. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1955, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines“ ………. Artificial intelligence (AI) is technology and a branch of computer science that studies and develops intelligent machines and software. where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success AI 04
- 5. What Is Artificial Intelligence The field was founded on the claim that a central ability of humans, intelligence. AI research is highly technical and specialized, deeply divided into subfields. There are subfields which are focused on the solution of specific problems, on one of several possible approaches, on the use of widely differing tools and towards the accomplishment of particular applications. There are an enormous number of tools used in AI, including versions of search and mathematical optimization, logic, methods based on probability and economics, and many others. Today it has become an essential part of the technology industry and many of the most difficult problems in computer science. AI 05
- 6. History of Artificial Intelligence AI 06 The field of AI research was founded at a conference on the campus of Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956. The attendees, including John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell and Herbert Simon, became the leaders of AI research for many decades. Computers were solving word problems in algebra, proving logical theorems and speaking English. By the middle of the 1960s, research in the U.S. was heavily funded by the Department of Defense and laboratories had been established around the world. They had failed to recognize the difficulty of some of the problems they faced. In 1974, in response to the criticism of Sir James Lighthill and ongoing pressure from the US Congress to fund more productive projects, both the U.S. and British governments cut off all undirected exploratory research in AI. The next few years would later be called an "AI winter", a period when funding for AI projects was hard to find.
- 7. History of Artificial Intelligence AI 07 In the early 1980s, AI research was revived by the commercial success of expert systems, a form of AI program that simulated the knowledge and analytical skills of one or more human experts. By 1985 the market for AI had reached over a billion dollars. At the same time, Japan's fifth generation computer project inspired the U.S and British governments to restore funding for academic research in the field. However, beginning with the collapse of the Lisp Machine market in 1987, AI once again fell into disrepute, and a second, longer lasting AI winter began. In the 1990s and early 21st century, AI achieved its greatest successes. Artificial intelligence is used for logistics, data mining, medical diagnosis and many other areas throughout the technology industry.[12] The success was due to several factors: the increasing computational power of computers (see Moore's law), a greater emphasis on solving specific sub problems, the creation of new ties between AI and other fields working on similar problems, and a new commitment by researchers to solid mathematical methods and rigorous scientific standards.
- 8. Goals or fields of AI Deduction, reasoning, problem solving. Knowledge representation. Planning. Learning. Natural language processing. Motion and manipulation. Perception. Social intelligence. Creativity. General intelligence. AI 08
- 9. Tools of AI AI 09 Search and optimization. Logic. Probabilistic methods for uncertain reasoning. Classifiers and statistical learning methods. Neural networks. Control theory. Languages. Evaluating progress.
- 10. Uses or Applications of AI Finance. Hospitals and Medicines. Heavy Industry. Online and TCS. Transportation. Video games. Military. Space science. Music AI 10
- 11. Pros. of AI • Ability to simulate human behavior and cognitive processes Capture and preserve human expertise Fast Response. • The ability to comprehend large amounts of data quickly. AI 11
- 12. Cons. of AI • No “common sense”. AI 12 • Cannot readily deal with “mixed” knowledge. • May have high development costs. • Raise legal and ethical concerns.
- 13. Need of AI To supplement natural intelligence for e.g. we are building intelligence in an object so that it can do what we want it to do, as for example-- robots, thus reducing human labour and reducing human mistakes AI 13