![Origin of carbon foot print
The concept and name of the carbon footprint derive from
the ecological
footprint concept,[18] which was developed by William E.
Rees and Mathis
Wackernagel in the 1990s. While carbon footprints are
usually reported in tons of
emissions (CO2-equivalent) per year, ecological footprints
are usually reported in
comparison to what the planet can renew.
The carbon footprint is one part of the
ecological footprint](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/understandingcarbonfootprint-230917152831-28d80723/85/Understanding-Carbon-Footprint-pptx-3-320.jpg)
Understanding Carbon Footprint.pptx
- 2. • Definition: Carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases (primarily CO2) emitted directly or indirectly by an individual, organization, event, or product. It's a measure of our impact on the environment. • Emphasize the significance of this concept in today's world. The growing concern for climate change and global efforts to mitigate it make understanding carbon footprints crucial. • Carbon footprint includes emissions from activities like energy consumption, transportation, production, and waste. • Importance of measuring carbon footprint: Understanding environmental impact: By quantifying emissions, we can grasp how our actions affect the environment. • Relevance in today's world: Growing concern for climate change: The rise in global temperatures and its consequences necessitate action to reduce carbon footprints.
- 3. Origin of carbon foot print The concept and name of the carbon footprint derive from the ecological footprint concept,[18] which was developed by William E. Rees and Mathis Wackernagel in the 1990s. While carbon footprints are usually reported in tons of emissions (CO2-equivalent) per year, ecological footprints are usually reported in comparison to what the planet can renew. The carbon footprint is one part of the ecological footprint
- 4. Types of Greenhouse Gases Greenhouse gases, including CO2, methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), contribute to the greenhouse effect and global warming. These gases originate from various sectors, with CO2 primarily from energy and CH4 from agriculture and waste. Carbon dioxide (CO2) Methane (CH4) Nitrous Oxide (N2O) Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Perfluorocarbon (PFCs) Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)
- 5. Sources of Carbon Emissions Fossil Fuels: Coal, oil, and natural gas contribute to carbon emissions. These fossil fuels are burned for energy, releasing carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. They have been the primary energy sources for decades due to their availability and energy density. • Transportation: Cars, planes, and shipping are common modes of transportation that rely on fossil fuels and are a major contributor to emissions due to fuel combustion. • Energy Production: Power plants, especially those using coal and natural gas, release significant CO2 emissions. These emissions result from burning fossil fuels to generate electricity. • Agriculture: Livestock emit methane (a potent greenhouse gas) during digestion. Land use changes, such as deforestation for agriculture, release stored carbon. • Deforestation: When trees are cut down or forests are cleared, the stored carbon is released into the atmosphere as CO2. Deforestation also reduces the planet's ability to absorb CO2, compounding the problem.
- 6. Global Carbon Emissions On a global scale, carbon emissions have been rising steadily. From 22.6 billion metric tons in 1990, we've surpassed 36.4 billion metric tons in 2019. This is a matter of grave concern, considering the implications for global warming.
- 7. Measuring Carbon Footprint - Calculation Methods By calculating our carbon footprint, we can better understand our impact. Online calculators and tools enable us to quantify emissions and measure them in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) to account for varying greenhouse gases' global warming potentials. Carbon accounting involves calculating, recording, and reporting emissions from various activities. It's a systematic approach used by businesses and governments to monitor their carbon footprints. To better understand our impact, we need to know how to calculate our carbon footprint. This involves quantifying emissions from activities like energy consumption, transportation, and waste generation. We often measure these emissions in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e) to account for the varying global warming potentials of different gases. Chandigarh became the first state or Union
- 8. Carbon footprints are usually measured in equivalent tons of carbon dioxide – CO2e, during the period of a year. CO2e is calculated by multiplying the emissions of each of the six greenhouse gases by its 100year global warming potential (GWP). On comparing various forms of energy generation Coal has the largest Carbon footprint amongothers followed by Oil, Natural Gas and Geothermal Energy.
- 9. Carbon Watch The Carbon Watch App focuses on individuals’ actions and calculates carbon footprint on thebasis of Transport, Energy, Waste and Water consumption. It the app can be accessed by anybody The App Carbon Watch will provide information about the individual’s level of emission generationas well as the national and world average of the emission. It will sensitize people about their lifestyle emissions, their impact and possible countermeasuresto mitigate the same. The purpose behind the Carbon Watch application is to make the people Climate-Smart Citizenswho are capable of accessing their carbon footprint, along with providing them with steps toreduce the emission. The Carbon Watch app will suggest ways to reduce carbon footprints as per the informationfurnished by the individuals.
- 10. Carbon footprints have paramount effects on climate change. Emission of Greenhouse Gasses in theatmosphere leads to warming of the planet. According to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) records, 2011-2020 was the warmestdecade on record, in a persistent long- term climate change trend. From 1990 to 2005, the emissions of carbon dioxide increased by 31%. By 2008, the emissionshad contributed to a 35% increase in radiative warming, or a shift in Earth’s energy balancetoward warming, over 1990 levels.
- 11. Steps to Lessen Carbon Footprints The average carbon footprint globally is closer to 4 tons. It needs to drop under 2 tons by 2050 in orderto avoid the chance of 2 degree celsius rise in the Global Temperature. Switching one’s energy and transportation use can have an impact on primary carbon footprints.Replacing regular light bulbs with compact fluorescent lamp – CFL A ton of carbon dioxide is released when we for example travel 5000 miles in an airplane or drive2,500 miles in a medium – sized car, henceAvoid taking connecting flights Take public transport or drive a more efficient vehicle. Walk or use bicycles instead of using bikes, cars, etc. Switching from coal to a less carbon-intensive energy source. Planting more trees. 3. 4. 5.
- 12. Initiatives/ Concepts to Keep Check on GHGs Emission 1. Carbon Pricing : A carbon price is a cost put oncarbon pollution to nudge polluters to lower the amount of greenhouse gas they release into theatmosphere. 2. Carbon Tax – It is a form of Pollution Tax. It levies afee on the production, distribution or use of fossil fuels based on how much carbon theircombustion emits. It is a cost- effective tool to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in theatmosphere. 3. Carbon Sequestration – the process ofcapturing waste carbon dioxide (CO2) from large point sources, such as fossil fuel power plants,etc. and depositing it where it will not enter the atmosphere. 4. Paris Agreement COP 21– According to the Paris Climate Accord, the members who ratified the deal have to work towards the goal ofachieving net-zero emissions, which is crucial to limit global warming. This scenario, calls for rapidscale-up of carbon capture, use and storage (CCUS). The process involves capturing CO2emissions from coal and gas power plants, and from heavy industry, for deep undergroundstorage or re-use. 5. Montreal Protocol – The protocol givesprovisions to reduce the production and consumption of Ozone Depleting Substances – ODSs toprotect the ozone layer. 6. Bharat Stage (BS) VI norms :These are emission control standards put in place by the government to keep a check on airpollution. 7. National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy 2018 : The main objective of the policy isto provide a framework for the promotion of large grid-connected wind-solar photovoltaic (PV)hybrid systems for optimal and efficient utilization of wind and solar resources, transmissioninfrastructure and land. 8. National Solar Mission : It is a majorinitiative of the Government of India and State Governments to promote ecologically sustainablegrowth while addressing India’s energy security challenge. 9. National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency (NMEEE) – launched in 2011 NMEEE is mission to strengthen the market for energy efficiency by creating favourable policies andregulations. 10. National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) – launched in June 2008 aimed to have a combined policy for tackling climate change.
- 13. : Personal & Corporate Carbon Footprint Now, let's bring this closer to home. The average American's annual carbon footprint is around 16.6 metric tons of CO2e. That's a significant number, but it underscores the importance of assessing our own carbon footprints using online calculators and tools. Corporations can have carbon footprints equivalent to small countries. Large businesses play a crucial role in addressing climate change, and many of them disclose their carbon emissions and reduction efforts in annual sustainability reports.
- 14. Impact of Carbon Footprint - Climate Change Carbon emissions trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to global warming. This warming drives climate change, with severe consequences for ecosystems and societies. Global warming leads to the melting of ice caps and glaciers. As ice melts, sea levels rise, increasing the risk of coastal flooding. Climate change disrupts ecosystems, leading to shifts in species distribution and potential extinctions. Higher levels of greenhouse gases often lead to poor air quality. This can result in respiratory problems, cardiovascular diseases, and heat-related illnesses.
- 15. Reducing Carbon Footprint - Energy Efficiency Energy-efficient technologies and behaviors reduce energy consumption. Lower energy use translates to fewer carbon emissions. Renewable energy such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power as clean energy sources generate electricity with minimal or no carbon emissions. They represent a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. Promote public transit, electric vehicles, and biking as alternatives to traditional cars. These modes of transportation produce fewer emissions or use cleaner energy sources. Highlight their benefits in reducing congestion and air pollution. Zero waste aims to minimize waste generation and maximize recycling and composting. It reduces the carbon footprint associated with waste management. Carbon offset projects, like reforestation and renewable energy initiatives, reduce emissions elsewhere to compensate for unavoidable emissions. Individuals and organizations can participate in these projects to balance their carbon footprint.
- 16. Corporate Responsibility - Business Impact Sustainability practices can lead to cost savings, increased customer loyalty, and a positive brand image. CSR includes ethical and sustainable business practices that consider social and environmental impacts. It reflects a company's commitment to addressing broader societal issues. Include real-world examples of companies reducing their carbon footprint: Showcase companies from various industries that have successfully implemented sustainable practices. Highlight specific strategies and their positive outcomes.
- 17. Government Initiatives - International Agreements Paris Agreement Commitments: Explain specific commitments made by countries under the Paris Agreement, such as emissions reduction targets. National Carbon Pricing: Explore the various carbon pricing mechanisms in different countries, such as carbon taxes and cap-and-trade systems. Incentive Programs: Highlight government incentives like feed-in tariffs and tax credits that drive the adoption of renewable energy sources. Grid Integration: Explain how renewable energy sources are integrated into national grids to reduce carbon emissions. Government Funding: Discuss government investments in research and development of clean energy technologies. Public-Private Partnerships: Highlight collaborative efforts between governments and private sector companies to advance clean energy solutions.
- 18. Individual Actions - Energy Conservation Smart Homes: Describe the concept of smart homes that optimize energy usage through automation and energy-efficient appliances. Energy Labeling: Explain energy labels and how they guide consumers to make more informed choices. EV Infrastructure: Discuss the growth of electric vehicle (EV) charging networks and their role in promoting sustainable transportation. Public Transport Revitalization: Share examples of cities investing in public transport improvements to reduce carbon emissions. Local Food Movements: Explore the benefits of supporting local food production to reduce the carbon footprint of food supply chains. Carpooling and Ride-Sharing: carpooling and ride-sharing helps in reducing the number of vehicles on the road and lowering emissions. Active Transportation: Promote walking and biking as eco-friendly modes of transportation that also improve personal health.
- 19. Education and Awareness Raising awareness and educating individuals are fundamental steps in achieving meaningful change. Informed individuals are more likely to adopt sustainable practices.
- 20. Sustainable Architecture: Discuss sustainable building design and materials that minimize the carbon footprint of structures. Food – Take to rescue surplus food and redistribute it to those in need. Electronics: Take initiative for recycling of electronic waste to recover valuable materials and reduce emissions. Water: Encourage water-saving behaviors such as fixing leaks and using water-efficient appliances. Carbon Footprint of Arts - • Recycled Art Materials: Encourage artists to use recycled and sustainable materials in their creative endeavors. Slide 40: Carbon Footprint of Film and Entertainment - Showcase film festivals that prioritize sustainability in their operations. Slide 41: Carbon Footprint of Religious Institutions -Emphasize the connection between religious teachings and responsible environmental behaviour. Slide 42: Carbon Footprint of Human Migration - ensure that climate refugees are welcomed and supported in sustainable ways. Emphasize the importance of reducing plastic pollution to prevent microplastic formation. Encourage individuals to engage with policymakers to prioritize carbon emissions reduction. Musicians for Climate Action: Showcase artists using their platform to advocate for climate action. Slide 54: Carbon Footprint of Artificial Photosynthesis: Highlight the potential of artificial photosynthesis for generating clean fuels. Slide 55: Carbon Footprint of Forest Conservation: preserving existing forests to maintain their carbon-storing capacity. Slide 59: Carbon Footprint of Geothermal Energy - geothermal heat pumps can be used in homes to reduce emissions.