Unit Testing in Kotlin

Mar 29, 20172 likes2,832 views

Unit testing in Kotlin provides benefits like documenting code, promoting good design, and creating a safety net around code. Tests can be improved by using features like multiline strings, factory functions with named arguments, better mocking with Mockito-Kotlin, and assertions with Kluent. Migrating existing Java unit tests to Kotlin allows leveraging these modern features for more expressive and readable tests.

Unit Testing in Kotlin
Egor Andreevici
Software Developer @ 1&1
@EgorAnd

Java Kotlin
+ Official
+ Stable
- Old
- Verbose
+ Modern
+ Expressive
- Stable?
- Support?

Starting with Kotlin on Android?
Start small!
Start with unit tests!

Benefits of Unit Tests
Provide a safety net around your code
Document your code… what?
Promote good design practices

Bad Documentation
/**
* Get a subview of the root view at a certain position.
*
* @param position Position, 0 <= position < root child count
* @return Subview at given position, or {@code null} if position is out of
* bounds
*/
public View getViewAtPosition(int position) {
if (position >= 0 && position < root.getChildCount()) {
return root.getChildAt(position);
}
return null;
}

A Better Test
@Test public void shouldReturnNullIfCalledWithInvalidPosition() {
doReturn(0).when(mockParent).getChildCount();
assertThat(docs.getViewAtPosition(0)).isNull();
}

Kotlinize
@Test fun shouldReturnNullIfCalledWithInvalidPosition() {
doReturn(0).`when`<ViewGroup>(mockParent).childCount
assertThat(docs.getViewAtPosition(0)).isNull()
}

Better Method Names
@Test fun `Should return null if called with invalid position`() {
doReturn(0).`when`<ViewGroup>(mockParent).childCount
assertThat(docs.getViewAtPosition(0)).isNull()
}

Better Mocking with Mockito-Kotlin
● Reified types for mock creation
● Fluent method mocking syntax
● More niceties

Better Mocking with Mockito-Kotlin
private var mockParent = mock<ViewGroup>()

Better Mocking with Mockito-Kotlin
// private var mockParent = mock<ViewGroup>()
private var mockParent: ViewGroup = mock {
on { childCount } doReturn 0
}

Better Mocking with Mockito-Kotlin
@Test fun `Should return null if called with invalid position`() {
whenever(mockParent.childCount) doReturn 0
assertThat(docs.getViewAtPosition(0)).isNull()
}

How Does It Work?
inline fun <reified T : Any> mock(): T = Mockito.mock(T::class.java)

Better Assertions with Kluent
@Test fun `Should return null if called with invalid position`() {
whenever(mockParent.childCount) doReturn 0
docs.getViewAtPosition(0) `should be` null
}

How Does It Work?
import org.junit.Assert.*
infix fun Any?.`should be`(theOther: Any?) = assertSame(theOther, this)
infix fun Any?.shouldBe(theOther: Any?) = this `should be` theOther

Multiline Strings
val json =
"""
{
"name": "Bob",
"age": 57
}
"""
@Test fun `Should parse JSON correctly`() {
gson.fromJson(json, Person::class.java) `should equal` Person("Bob", 57)
}

“with” for Multiple Assertions
@Test fun `Should parse JSON correctly #2`() {
val person = gson.fromJson(json, Person::class.java)
with(person) {
name `should equal` "Bob"
age `should equal` 57
}
}

Factory Functions with Named Args
public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
private boolean isAKotlinProgrammer;
public Person(String name, int age, boolean isAKotlinProgrammer) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.isAKotlinProgrammer = isAKotlinProgrammer;
}
…
}

Factory Functions with Named Args
fun person(
name: String = "",
age: Int = 0,
isAKotlinProgrammer: Boolean = false) =
Person(name, age, isAKotlinProgrammer)
@Test fun `Should ...`() {
val person = person(name = "Bob", age = 57)
...
}

@JvmOverloads
@JvmOverloads
fun person(
name: String = "",
age: Int = 0,
isAKotlinProgrammer: Boolean = false) =
Person(name, age, isAKotlinProgrammer)

Thanks!
Egor Andreevici
Software Developer @ 1&1
@EgorAnd

Mockito is a mocking framework for Java that allows developers to focus tests on interactions between objects rather than states. It provides test doubles like mocks and spies to simulate dependencies and verify expected interactions. Mockito allows mocking method calls and configuring return values or exceptions to test different scenarios. It provides default values for unstubbed calls to avoid overspecifying tests.

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This case study explores how we partnered with a mid-sized U.S. healthcare SaaS provider to help them scale from a successful pilot phase to supporting over 10,000 users—while meeting strict HIPAA compliance requirements. Faced with slow, manual testing cycles, frequent regression bugs, and looming audit risks, their growth was at risk. Their existing QA processes couldn’t keep up with the complexity of real-time biometric data handling, and earlier automation attempts had failed due to unreliable tools and fragmented workflows. We stepped in to deliver a full QA and DevOps transformation. Our team replaced their fragile legacy tests with Testim’s self-healing automation, integrated Postman and OWASP ZAP into Jenkins pipelines for continuous API and security validation, and leveraged AWS Device Farm for real-device, region-specific compliance testing. Custom deployment scripts gave them control over rollouts without relying on heavy CI/CD infrastructure. The result? Test cycle times were reduced from 3 days to just 8 hours, regression bugs dropped by 40%, and they passed their first HIPAA audit without issue—unlocking faster contract signings and enabling them to expand confidently. More than just a technical upgrade, this project embedded compliance into every phase of development, proving that SaaS providers in regulated industries can scale fast and stay secure.

TestMigrationsInPy: A Dataset of Test Migrations from Unittest to Pytest (MSR...Andre Hora

Unittest and pytest are the most popular testing frameworks in Python. Overall, pytest provides some advantages, including simpler assertion, reuse of fixtures, and interoperability. Due to such benefits, multiple projects in the Python ecosystem have migrated from unittest to pytest. To facilitate the migration, pytest can also run unittest tests, thus, the migration can happen gradually over time. However, the migration can be timeconsuming and take a long time to conclude. In this context, projects would benefit from automated solutions to support the migration process. In this paper, we propose TestMigrationsInPy, a dataset of test migrations from unittest to pytest. TestMigrationsInPy contains 923 real-world migrations performed by developers. Future research proposing novel solutions to migrate frameworks in Python can rely on TestMigrationsInPy as a ground truth. Moreover, as TestMigrationsInPy includes information about the migration type (e.g., changes in assertions or fixtures), our dataset enables novel solutions to be verified effectively, for instance, from simpler assertion migrations to more complex fixture migrations. TestMigrationsInPy is publicly available at: https://github.com/altinoalvesjunior/TestMigrationsInPy.

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What Do Contribution Guidelines Say About Software Testing? (MSR 2025)Andre Hora

Software testing plays a crucial role in the contribution process of open-source projects. For example, contributions introducing new features are expected to include tests, and contributions with tests are more likely to be accepted. Although most real-world projects require contributors to write tests, the specific testing practices communicated to contributors remain unclear. In this paper, we present an empirical study to understand better how software testing is approached in contribution guidelines. We analyze the guidelines of 200 Python and JavaScript open-source software projects. We find that 78% of the projects include some form of test documentation for contributors. Test documentation is located in multiple sources, including CONTRIBUTING files (58%), external documentation (24%), and README files (8%). Furthermore, test documentation commonly explains how to run tests (83.5%), but less often provides guidance on how to write tests (37%). It frequently covers unit tests (71%), but rarely addresses integration (20.5%) and end-to-end tests (15.5%). Other key testing aspects are also less frequently discussed: test coverage (25.5%) and mocking (9.5%). We conclude by discussing implications and future research.

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Requirements in Engineering AI- Enabled Systems: Open Problems and Safe AI Sy...Lionel Briand