Visual Image Interpretation in Remote Sensing
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This document discusses keys for visual image interpretation including tone, texture, pattern, size, shape, shadow, association, and site. Tone refers to the brightness or color of objects. Texture is the frequency of tonal variations. Pattern is the spatial arrangement of objects. Size is important for assessing objects relative to the scene and resolution. Shape is the most important factor for recognition. Shadow can help with interpretation but also cause difficulties. Association refers to how features relate to each other. Site refers to topographic location which is important when other elements don't clearly identify objects.
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"Boiler Feed Pump (BFP): Working, Applications, Advantages, and Limitations E...
"Boiler Feed Pump (BFP): Working, Applications, Advantages, and Limitations E...Infopitaara A Boiler Feed Pump (BFP) is a critical component in thermal power plants. It supplies high-pressure water (feedwater) to the boiler, ensuring continuous steam generation.
⚙️ How a Boiler Feed Pump Works
Water Collection:
Feedwater is collected from the deaerator or feedwater tank.
Pressurization:
The pump increases water pressure using multiple impellers/stages in centrifugal types.
Discharge to Boiler:
Pressurized water is then supplied to the boiler drum or economizer section, depending on design.
🌀 Types of Boiler Feed Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps (most common):
Multistage for higher pressure.
Used in large thermal power stations.
Positive Displacement Pumps (less common):
For smaller or specific applications.
Precise flow control but less efficient for large volumes.
🛠️ Key Operations and Controls
Recirculation Line: Protects the pump from overheating at low flow.
Throttle Valve: Regulates flow based on boiler demand.
Control System: Often automated via DCS/PLC for variable load conditions.
Sealing & Cooling Systems: Prevent leakage and maintain pump health.
⚠️ Common BFP Issues
Cavitation due to low NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head).
Seal or bearing failure.
Overheating from improper flow or recirculation.
AI-assisted Software Testing (3-hours tutorial)
AI-assisted Software Testing (3-hours tutorial)Vəhid Gəruslu Invited tutorial at the Istanbul Software Testing Conference (ISTC) 2025 https://iststc.com/
ADVXAI IN MALWARE ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK: BALANCING EXPLAINABILITY WITH SECURITY
ADVXAI IN MALWARE ANALYSIS FRAMEWORK: BALANCING EXPLAINABILITY WITH SECURITYijscai With the increased use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in malware analysis there is also an increased need to
understand the decisions models make when identifying malicious artifacts. Explainable AI (XAI) becomes
the answer to interpreting the decision-making process that AI malware analysis models use to determine
malicious benign samples to gain trust that in a production environment, the system is able to catch
malware. With any cyber innovation brings a new set of challenges and literature soon came out about XAI
as a new attack vector. Adversarial XAI (AdvXAI) is a relatively new concept but with AI applications in
many sectors, it is crucial to quickly respond to the attack surface that it creates. This paper seeks to
conceptualize a theoretical framework focused on addressing AdvXAI in malware analysis in an effort to
balance explainability with security. Following this framework, designing a machine with an AI malware
detection and analysis model will ensure that it can effectively analyze malware, explain how it came to its
decision, and be built securely to avoid adversarial attacks and manipulations. The framework focuses on
choosing malware datasets to train the model, choosing the AI model, choosing an XAI technique,
implementing AdvXAI defensive measures, and continually evaluating the model. This framework will
significantly contribute to automated malware detection and XAI efforts allowing for secure systems that
are resilient to adversarial attacks.
"Feed Water Heaters in Thermal Power Plants: Types, Working, and Efficiency G...
"Feed Water Heaters in Thermal Power Plants: Types, Working, and Efficiency G...Infopitaara A feed water heater is a device used in power plants to preheat water before it enters the boiler. It plays a critical role in improving the overall efficiency of the power generation process, especially in thermal power plants.
🔧 Function of a Feed Water Heater:
It uses steam extracted from the turbine to preheat the feed water.
This reduces the fuel required to convert water into steam in the boiler.
It supports Regenerative Rankine Cycle, increasing plant efficiency.
🔍 Types of Feed Water Heaters:
Open Feed Water Heater (Direct Contact)
Steam and water come into direct contact.
Mixing occurs, and heat is transferred directly.
Common in low-pressure stages.
Closed Feed Water Heater (Surface Type)
Steam and water are separated by tubes.
Heat is transferred through tube walls.
Common in high-pressure systems.
⚙️ Advantages:
Improves thermal efficiency.
Reduces fuel consumption.
Lowers thermal stress on boiler components.
Minimizes corrosion by removing dissolved gases.
theory-slides-for react for beginners.pptx
theory-slides-for react for beginners.pptxsanchezvanessa7896 Everything you need to know about react.
15th International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Applicatio...
15th International Conference on Computer Science, Engineering and Applicatio...IJCSES Journal #computerscience #programming #coding #technology #programmer #python #computer #developer #tech #coder #javascript #java #codinglife #html #code #softwaredeveloper #webdeveloper #software #cybersecurity #linux #computerengineering #webdevelopment #softwareengineer #machinelearning #hacking #engineering #datascience #css #programmers #pythonprogramming
Development of MLR, ANN and ANFIS Models for Estimation of PCUs at Different ...
Development of MLR, ANN and ANFIS Models for Estimation of PCUs at Different ...Journal of Soft Computing in Civil Engineering
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Visual Image Interpretation in Remote Sensing
- 1. Visual Image Interpretation V Bhat
- 2. Identify me
- 3. Interpretation Keys • Tone • Size • Shape • Texture • Association • Shadow • Site • Pattern
- 4. Tone • Relative brightness of grey level on black and white image or color/F.C.C image • Tone is the measure of the intensity of the reflected or emitted radiation of the objects of the terrain
- 5. Texture • Frequency of tonal variation in an image • Texture is produced by an aggregate unit of features which may be too small to be clearly discerned individually on the image
- 7. Pattern • Spatial arrangement of the objects • Objects both natural and manmade have a pattern which aids in their recognition • The repetition of certain general form or relationship in tones and texture creates a pattern
- 10. Size • In the context of the image scale or resolution • It is important to assess the size of a target relative to other objects in the scene, as well as the absolute size, to aid in the interpretation of that target
- 11. Shape • General form, configuration or outline of an individual object • Most important single factors for recognizing object from an image. man-made objects Vs natural environment
- 12. Shadow • helpful element in image interpretation • It also creates difficulties for some objects in their identification in the image
- 13. Association • Occurrence of certain features in relation to others objects in the imagery • In urban area a smooth vegetation pattern generally refers to a play ground or grass land not agricultural land
- 14. Site • Refers to topographic or geographic location • It is also an important element in image interpretation when objects are not clearly identified using the previous the elements
- 15. Have a try now…