Spring Web Flow is a framework that introduces the concept of flows to extend the navigation capabilities of the Spring MVC framework. It allows expressing navigation rules and managing conversational state through the use of flow definitions composed of states and transitions. This provides advantages over traditional approaches like JSP, Struts, and JSF by making the navigation logic more modular, reusable, and visually understandable through tools like the Spring Tools Suite flow editor. While it adds capabilities, it also introduces some performance overhead and complexity that may not be suitable for all applications.