What is Multimedia?.pptx

Importance of Multimedia
in the Classroom
Presented by:
Misheck Mutuzana
mutuzana@gmail.com
+260955418926
“Using Multimedia in
teaching and Learning”

“Using Multimedia in
teaching and Learning”

Outline
 What is Multimedia?
 Elements of multimedia
 Types of multimedia devices
 Features of multimedia system
 Components of multimedia system
 Why use multimedia in the classroom?
 Effects of multimedia in the classroom.
 Advantages and Disadvantages of multimedia.
 Stages in Multimedia Production
 Types of Digital Video and Movie files
extensions
 Conclusion
 Reference -1-

The term multimedia is coined from two
terms: Multiple and Media. Hence
multimedia means using multiple medias
to communicate.
Multimedia is the combination of different
media elements like text, audio, graphics,
video and animations.
-2-
What is Multimedia?

Interactive Multimedia is the
means to interface/communicate
with computer keyboard, mouse,
touch screen, on screen buttons,
and text entry.
-2-
Interactive Multimedia?

-2-
Elements of Multimedia?
MultimediaVideo
Text
Audio
Animation Graphics

Text:
Words treated as data by a computer.
Hypertext is text which contains links
to other texts.
A typeface is a family of characters or
letters which have similar looks. E.g.
Arial-12 points, Times New Roman-
14points, Algerian-18 points etc
-2-
Elements of Multimedia

-2-
Examples of Text
 Arial
 Times New Romans
 Algerian
 Impact
 Bauhaus 93
 Broadway
 Brush Script

Video
The term video ("video" meaning
"I see", from the Latin verb "videre")
commonly refers to several storage
formats for moving pictures: digital
video formats, including Blu-ray Disc,
DVD, QuickTime, MPEG-4, analog
videotapes, including VHS and
Betamax.
-2-

Video
Is the Technology of electronically
capturing, recording, processing,
storing, transmitting, and
reconstructing a sequence of still
images representing scenes in
motion.
-2-

Digital Video
Digital Video: Composed of a
series of still image frames and
produces the illusion of
movement by quickly displaying
one frame after another.
-2-

Animation
A simulation of movement
created by displaying a series of
pictures, or frames.
 Animation is a visual change
over time.
-2-

Graphics
Graphics (from Greek γραφικός
graphikos) are visual presentations on
some surface, such as a wall, canvas,
computer screen. e.g photographs,
drawings, Line Art, graphs, etc.
This is an image that is generated by a
computer
-2-

Images
An image (from Latin imago) is an
artifact, for example a two-dimensional
picture, that has a similar appearance to
some subject—usually a physical object
or a person.
A digital image is a representation of a
two-dimensional image using ones and
zeros (binary).
-2-

Images
Computers store images in form of
pixels map known as bitmap. A
bitmap is simple matrix of tiny dots
which forms an image on the
computer screen.
A Pixel (short for picture element) is
the small dot on the screen.
-2-

Clipart
This is art or an image that is
made by various artists to fit
numerous different categories
such as people, animals, school,
etc. that can be inserted into your
own document
-2-

An animated GIF (Graphics Interchange
Format) file:
 This is a graphic image on a Web page
that moves - for example, a twirling icon
or a banner with a hand that waves or
letters that magically get larger.
-2-

Audio
In computers, audio is the sound
system that comes with or can be
added to a computer.
 An audio file is a record of
captured sound that can be
played back.
-2-

Audio
Audio is sound within the acoustic range
available to humans.
Sound is the meaningful speech in a
language
 Sound is a sequence of naturally
analog signals that are converted to
digital signals by the audio card, an
analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
-2-

Types of multimedia devices include:
 Microphones
 Speakers
 Digital Cameras
 Headphones.
 Computers
 DVD Players
 LCD Projector
 Video Games
 Home theaters
 TV
-2-
Types of Multimedia Devices

 Very High Processing Power.
 Multimedia Capable File System
 Data Representations/File Formats that
support multimedia
 Efficient and High Input / Output
 Special Operating System
 Storage and Memory
 Software Tools
 Network Support
-2-
Features of a Multimedia System

 Capture devices
- Video Camera, Video Recorder,
- Audio Microphone, Keyboards,
- mice, graphics tablets,
- 3D input devices, tactile sensors,
- VR devices.
- Digitising/Sampling Hardware
 Storage Devices
-Hard disks, CD-ROMs,
-Zip drives, Flash drives,
-DVD, etc
-2-
Components of a Multimedia System

Communication Networks
- Intranets, Internets, Ethernet
Computer Systems
- Multimedia Desktop machines,
Workstations, MPEG/VIDEO/DSP
Hardware
Display Devices
- CD-quality speakers, HDTV,SVGA,
- LCD, TFT, LED monitors, Colour
printers etc.
-2-
Components of a Multimedia System

 Multimedia activities encourage
students to work in groups.
 Express their knowledge in multiple
ways.
 Solve problems, revise their own
work, and construct knowledge.
 Effective collaboration techniques
 The value of teamwork
-2-
Why use multimedia in the classroom?

 The significance of presentation and
speaking skills
 The importance of research, planning,
and organization skills
 The impact and importance of
different media
 Techniques for synthesizing and
analyzing complex content
 How to express their ideas creatively
-2-
Why use multimedia in the classroom?

Change in Student and Teacher Roles
Increased Motivation and Self Esteem
Technical Skills
Accomplishment of More Complex Tasks
More Collaboration with Peers
Increased Use of Outside Resources
Improved Design Skills/Attention to
Audience
-2-
Effects of Multimedia in the
Classroom

Increases learning effectiveness.
Is more appealing over traditional.
lecture-based learning methods.
Offers significant potential in
improving personal
communications, education and
training efforts.
-2-
Advantages of Multimedia

Reduces training costs.
Is easy to use.
Gains and Holds Attention
It is integrated and interactive.
Multimedia is Entertaining as Well
as Educational
-2-

Tailors information to the individual.
Provides high-quality video images &
audio.
Offers system portability.
Frees the teacher from routine tasks.
Gathers information about the study
results of the student.
-2-

-2-
Disadvantages of Multimedia
 It takes time to compile.
 Technological resources, both
hardware and software
 Technological skills, for both the
students and teacher
 It is expensive

-2-
Disadvantages of Multimedia
 Not always easy to configure
 Requires special hardware
 Not always compatible
 Time required to plan, design,
develop, and evaluate multimedia
activities

-2-
Stages in Multimedia Production
 Research & Analysis
 Scripting or flowcharting
 Storyboarding
 Collection of media elements and
construction
 Programming
 Testing

-2-
Research & Analysis
During this stage we
need to find out about the
audience, their skills,
needs and qualifications.

-2-
Scripting or flowcharting
Scripting or flowcharting
means deciding the flow of
the multimedia project

-2-
Storyboarding
 During this stage the actual
visualization of the project takes
place. The designer decides how
each screen will look like, which
media elements will be used and
where to place them on the
screen.

-2-
Collection of media elements and
construction
 At this stage the designer is ready
and starts creating the graphics
and other elements to be used in
the project.

-2-
Programming
 At this stage the media
elements are combined
together into a final product
using software packages like
PowerPoint Presentation,
macromedia Flash.

-2-
Testing
 This is the final stage of any
multimedia project. At this
stage we check if all the
elements are working as
per requirement or not.

-2-
Types of audio, video extensions
File
Extension
Type of File Description
.bmp Bitmap Image Uncompressed
image File used to
store bitmap digital
images.
.gif Graphical
Interchange
Format File
Common for web
graphics with small
images with text.
Uses limited
number of colours

-2-
File
Extension
.png Portable
Network
Graphics
Used to store
graphics for web
images
.jpeg / jpg Joint
Photographic
Expert / Group
Image File
Common image
format used by
digital cameras

-2-
File
Extension
.psd Photoshop
Document
Image created by
Adobe Photoshop
.tif Tagged Image
File Format
Highly flexible and
platform
independent format
which is widely
used today

-2-
File
Extension
.avi Audio Video
Interleave File
Developed by
Microsoft to play
videos in windows
environment
.wmv Windows
Media Format
File
(Windows
Media Video)
This is a
compressed video
format for internet
streaming
applications

-2-
File
Extension
.mpg / .mpeg Moving
Pictures Expert
Group File
Popular video
format used for
creating movies
distributed over
internet
.mov Quick Time
Format File
Developed by Apple.
Files are
compressed and are
easier to download
from the internet

-2-
File
Extension
.rm / ram Real Video File
Format
(Real Audio
Metadata)
Combination of
audio and video
.swf / .flv Adobe Flash
Shockwave File
(flv-Flash Video
File)
(swf - Small
Web Format)
Animated file
containing text and
images. Created by
using Adobe Flash
Software

-2-
File
Extension
.mid / . midi MIDI File
(Musical
Instrument
Digital Interface)
File containing
Music Data
.wav Wave File Waveform audio file

-2-
File
Extension
.mp3 / .mpga MPEG3 Audio
File
(Motion
Pictures Expert
Group Layer 3)
Compressed audio
and music file, mp3
songs or ringtones
.mp4 MPEG4 Video
File
Commonly used for
sharing video files
on the internet.

-2-
File
Extension
.m4v iTunes Video
File
iTunes Video File
.asf Advanced
Systems
Format File
Advanced Systems
Format File

-2-
Usage of Multimedia
 Education and Training
 Recording or broadcasting lectures
 Using Video Conferencing we can
hear an expert speaker from a distant
location.
 Demonstrating surgeries or other
techniques that learners may not
otherwise have the opportunity to see
and later put them in practice.

-2-
Usage of Multimedia
 Record student’s performance to
enable feedback
 Advertisements
 Entertainment
 Journalism
 Edutainment
 Animations and movies
 Design. Architects and
engineers’ projects

-2-
Applications of Multimedia
 World Wide Web
 Hypermedia courseware
 Video conferencing
 Video-on-demand
 Interactive TV
 Groupware
 Home shopping
 Games
 Virtual reality
 Digital video editing and
production systems
 Multimedia Database systems

-2-
Conclusion
Multimedia is the field concerned with
the computer-controlled integration of
text, graphics, drawings, still and
moving images (Video), animation,
audio, and any other media where
every type of information can be
represented, stored, transmitted and
processed digitally.

-2-
Conclusion
Multimedia system implements
multimedia technologies and in turn it is
used for enhancing multimedia
technology whereas multimedia
technology manages both the hardware
and software to create and run
multimedia system.

-2-
Exercise
1. What is multimedia? List the
elements of multimedia
2. What is typeface and font?
3. Explain how multimedia is used in
various fields?
4. List various file formats used for the
following files:
(a) Audio (b) Image (c) Video
5. List the stages in multimedia
production

References
 DaveHax.com
 Edward Cheung email: icec@polyu.edu.hk Multimedia Systems 28 July, 2003.
 File formats for Popular PC Software: A Programmer’s Reference , Jeff Walden
(John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1986)
 Graphics File Formats , David C. Kay and John R. Levine(Windcrest Books/McGraw-
Hill 1995)
 Graphics File Formats: Reference and Guide , C. Wayne Brown and Barry J.
Shepherd (Manning Publications 1994)
 Halsall, Fred, Multimedia Communications – Applications, Networks, Protocols and
Standards, Addison-Wesley, 2001.
 http://graphicssoft.about.com/library/weekly/aa000104e.htm
 http://www.microsoft.com
 http://www.thinkfinity.org/uploadedimages
 http://www.YouTube.com
 Mohd Khairuddin Bin Abd Karim: PowerPoint Presentation “Graphics & Multimedia-
Basic Components” Civil Engineering Dept. Politeknik Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah
25350 Semambu, Kuantan Email: khairuddin_karim@polisas.edu.my
 PC File Formats & Conversions , Ralf Kussmann (Abacus 1990)
 Rao, K.R., Bojkovic, Z.S., Milovanovic, D.A., Multimedia Communication Systems,
Techniques, Standards and Networks, Ed., Prentice Hall PTR, 2002.
 Special Issue on Multimedia Signal Processing, Part One, Proceedings of The IEEE,
Vol. 86, No. 5, pp. 749-1024, May 1998.
 The Graphic File Toolkit: Converting and Using Graphic Files , Steve Rimmer
(Addison-Wesley 1994)

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attention!!!

What is Multimedia?.pptx

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