While we ported OpenVZ from RHEL6 (2.6.32) to RHEL7 (3.10) kernel, we discovered what pieces needed for OpenVZ are still missing from the upstream kernel.
Presented during Containers Microconference at Linux Plumbers 2015, Seattle.
It's all started in 1999... let's see where we are in 2015. The history of Linux Containers, presented by Kirill Kolyshkin at the ContainerCon 2015 in Seattle.
How Docker didn't invent containers (Docker Meetup Brno #1)Pavel Snajdr
This document discusses the history of container technologies beginning with FreeBSD Jails in 1998 and the origins of OpenVZ in 2001. It describes how various container features like namespaces and cgroups were developed over time by different projects and eventually merged into the Linux kernel. It notes that Docker popularized containers for application deployment but is only one of several tools for managing containers, and that OpenVZ remains the most full-featured and mature container platform overall. The document concludes that containers and Docker are not the same, and one should consider whether their actual needs are for containers generally or Docker specifically.
The document discusses automated testing inside Openshift including the contour of automated testing, dynamic configurations of Openshift, and integration with TestLink. It outlines pros and cons of automated testing using lightweight containers across a variety of operating systems. It describes how to dynamically configure tests by variables like project, branch, product name and version, and OS. It also covers how to create, execute, verify and delete configurations as well as generate reports and artifacts from test runs. Finally, it discusses integrating test results with TestLink for reporting.
The document discusses options for testing software including manual testing with Vagrant and Robot Framework as well as automated testing. It recommends using OpenShift for automated testing as it provides a reliable solution with Kubernetes that is scalable and controllable while Docker provides speed and high density. Open vSwitch enables network connectivity in OpenShift. Workflow and reference details are also included.
pkgsrc 2013 - the record of the past yearAkio OBATA
This document summarizes changes to the pkgsrc package management system in 2013. It discusses major package updates and additions across many categories like databases, emulators, languages, and desktop environments. It also covers changes to the build system and licensing policies.
This document discusses changes to the organization of projects in Openshift and the implementation of Jenkins pipelines for continuous integration and delivery.
For Openshift projects, a new product-based approach is proposed with fewer total projects that are named based on the product, environment, and attributes. This is compared to the old component-based approach with more projects.
For Jenkins pipelines, a new approach is proposed with a base pipeline to build Docker images and a product pipeline with build and test stages. This is compared to the old approach with multiple separate jobs instead of a unified pipeline. Examples of the new base and product pipelines are provided.
This document summarizes Cloud Foundry releases from June to September 2017. It includes updates to networking, Garden, Grootfs, the Cloud Foundry CLI, BOSH Backup and Restore, BOSH Process Manager, BOSH Lite, Service Fabrik, GO Router, Concourse, the Java Buildpack, and thanks the contributors.
LibCT: one lib to rule them all -- Andrey VaginOpenVZ
LibCT is a C library that allows building containerized applications by configuring namespaces and cgroups to provide isolation. It aims to simplify the complex low-level container APIs and support different container types like Linux containers, OpenVZ, Solaris Zones, and BSD jails. LibCT hides low-level API changes and provides bindings for other languages. It also serves as an alternative to Libcontainer which is written in Go. The presentation covered the history of Linux containers, namespaces, cgroups, LibCT's API, examples of use, and future integration plans.
The document discusses setting up a tDiary blog using VMWare Player and a virtual private server (VPS). It recommends cloning the tDiary code from GitHub, installing it on an Ubuntu server hosted on a VPS, and accessing it through VMWare Player on a local Windows 7 machine. The blog can then be edited and maintained through the virtual machine interface.
The document summarizes a Docker meetup event being organized in Moscow on February 26, 2015. It provides details on why the meetup is being held, including for informal technical discussions on Docker and as an event partnered with Openstack.ru. An overview of Docker is given, explaining how it automates application deployment as lightweight portable containers that can run anywhere. Key Docker concepts like images, registries, and containers are also summarized.
This document summarizes the current status and plans for checkpoint-restore of containers using CRIU (Checkpoint-Restore In Userspace). CRIU allows live migration of containers by taking incremental checkpoints of a container's memory and filesystem and restoring it on another host with minimal downtime. The latest CRIU release supports checkpointing and restoring most typical application needs and is being integrated with container tools like OpenVZ, LXC, and Docker to enable live migration capabilities. The document outlines usage scenarios for CRIU and provides demos of how it works with OpenVZ and for live migration using the P.Haul project, which bundles CRIU functionality for live migration of containers between hosts.
Libcontainer: joining forces under one roofAndrey Vagin
Libcontainer is a project that aims to create a common library for container management across different technologies like Docker and LXC. It avoids external dependencies and supports multiple container types through a common API. The goal is to allow cooperation and code reuse across projects through a shared container management library. Libct is a companion C library that provides a frontend API for managing the entire container lifecycle.
FOSDEM2015: Live migration for containers is around the cornerAndrey Vagin
CRIU is a tool for checkpoint and restore of processes in Linux. It began as a project in OpenVZ in 2011 to allow migration of virtual machines without downtime. CRIU works by dumping the memory and process state of running processes, transferring that data to another machine, and restoring the processes from that saved state. Recent improvements include iterative dumping to reduce freeze times during migration and integration with tools like P.Haul for live migration of containers between hosts. CRIU is widely used and has an active development community contributing to new kernel features and enhancements to CRIU's capabilities.
Caching in Docker - the hardest thing in computer scienceJarek Potiuk
The document discusses challenges with caching dependencies and sources when building Docker images across different environments.
It finds that builds are faster when caching locally but slower when caching dependencies across CI/CD pipelines due to differences in file permissions and generated files. Specifically:
1) File permissions differ between local builds and CI/CD due to user and group settings
2) Generated files like documentation and cache files cause issues because they are not ignored
3) Reinstalling all dependencies from scratch on each build is slow.
It provides solutions like fixing group permissions, setting dockerignore, pre-building wheels, and multi-stage builds to better leverage caching across environments.
OpenNebula Conf 2014: CentOS, QA an OpenNebula - Christoph GaluschkaNETWAYS
CentOS, the Community Enterprise OS, uses Opennebula as virtualization plattform for its automated QA-process. The opennebula setup consists of 3 nodes, all running CentOS-6, who handle the following tasks:
– sunstone as cloud controller
– local mirror/DNS-Server/http-Server for the VMs to pull in packages
– one VM to run a jenkins instance to launch the various tests (ci.de.centos.org)
– nginx on the cloud controller to forward http traffic to the jenkins VM
A public git repository (http://www.gitorious.org/testautomation) is used to allow whoever wants to contribute to pull the current test suite – t_functional, a series of bash scripts used to do funtional tests of various applications, binaries, configuration files and Trademark issues. As new tests are added to the repo via personal clones and merge requests, those tests first need to complete a test run via jenkins. Each test run currently consists of 4 VMs (one for each arch for C5 and C6 – C7 to come), which run the complete test suite. All VMs used for theses tests are instantiated and torn down on demand, whenever the call to testrun a personal clone is issued (via IRC).
Once completed successfully, the request is merged into the main repo. The jenkins node monitors this repository and which automatically triggers another complete test run.
Besides these triggered test runs, the test suite is automatically triggered daily to run. This is used to verify functionality of published updates – a handfull of failty updates have allready been discovered this way.
Besides t_functional, the Linux Test Project Suite of tests is also run on a daily basis, also to verify functionality of the OS and all updates.
The third setup is used to test the available and functional integrity of published docker images for CentOS.
All these tests are later – during the QA-phase of a point release – used to verify functionality of new packages inside the CentOS QA-Setup.
A deep dive into the history of containers as well as an introduction to how they work under the covers. This includes a discussion around Control Groups and Process Namespaces, as well as touching on some underlying syscalls, such as Fork and Clone.
At Bangalore Kubernetes meetup April 2017. This is about running Kubernetes using alternative container runtime cri-o and runc.
Event report for the meetup: suraj.io/post/blr-k8s-meetup-april-2017/
An Open Source Story: Open Containers & Open CommunitiesPhil Estes
A talk given at All Thing Open's Open Source 101 event at NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina on Saturday, 17th February, 2018.
This talk covered some interesting history lessons of the Docker open source project and inter-vendor tensions. If you were not at this talk do not read intent into these slides as this was truly an attempt at a "blame-free" post-mortem of the important topics of open source, governance, and foundations as it related to the extremely popular Docker open source project.
The Notary project has officially been accepted in to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). It has moved to https://github.com/theupdateframework/notary. Any downstream consumers should update their Go imports to use this new location, which will be the canonical location going forward.
We have moved the repo in GitHub, which will allow existing importers to continue using the old location via GitHub's redirect.
The NetBSD package Collection - a.k.a pkgsrcAkio OBATA
Pkgsrc is a package collection system that allows software to be built and installed from source for multiple operating systems. It began as a ports-like system for NetBSD but has expanded to support over 20 platforms. Pkgsrc provides quarterly stable releases and allows packages to be built from source or binary formats. It uses a tier system to classify package stability and supports multiple compilers, fetch commands, and binary package formats.
This document discusses scaling a Docker registry. It mentions that the Docker registry can store images using various backends like file storage, S3, Azure, Google Cloud Storage and OpenStack. It also discusses using Elliptics storage which is a key-value store with distributed hash tables and caching. The network discussed connects multiple datacenters with millisecond latency using IPv6.
This document discusses problems and solutions related to Linux containers. It addresses issues such as performance overhead from virtualization, sharing resources between containers, live migration of large containers, and common file systems. Solutions proposed include namespaces, cgroups, OpenVZ resource controls, iterative RAM migration, rewriting code for upstream acceptance, CRIU for checkpoint/restore in userspace, and ploop for a modular file-based storage solution.
BKK16-407 AOSP Toolchain Evolution and experimental languages on AOSPLinaro
Big toolchain changes ahead...
AOSP is moving towards clang based toolchains rather than gcc.
Current AOSP master already builds completely with clang 3.8 by default.
Kernels and some HAL layers for old devices remain on gcc for now.
What is Linaro doing to help?
CRIU: Time and Space Travel for Linux ContainersKirill Kolyshkin
This talk describes CRIU (checkpoint/restore in userspace) software, used to checkpoint, restore, and live migrate Linux containers and processes. It describes the live migration, compares it to that of VM, and shows other uses for checkpoint/restore.
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish mathematician and astronomer born in 1473 who developed a heliocentric model of the solar system placing the Sun at the center, rather than the Earth. He studied mathematics and astronomy at the University of Cracow and developed his theory that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, accurately explaining observations that were inconsistent with the geocentric Ptolemaic system embraced at the time.
Over the years our engineers faced some complex technical problems. This talk is an overview of some of those problems, as well as solutions we came up with.
This document provides information about the author. It summarizes that the author lives in Ambler and Hatboro, is good at helping others, working, school, and taking care of children. It also notes things the author wants to do again like building and riding various vehicles, and things they wouldn't like to do like skydiving and hunting.
Este documento lista y describe varias plataformas populares de desarrollo web como Weebly, Wix, Joomla, Webs, Yola, Jimdo, Medium, Edublogs y Squarespace. Las plataformas más destacadas mencionadas son Weebly, Wix y Joomla, que permiten a usuarios sin experiencia en codificación crear y administrar sitios web profesionales de manera fácil e intuitiva.
The document discusses setting up a tDiary blog using VMWare Player and a virtual private server (VPS). It recommends cloning the tDiary code from GitHub, installing it on an Ubuntu server hosted on a VPS, and accessing it through VMWare Player on a local Windows 7 machine. The blog can then be edited and maintained through the virtual machine interface.
The document summarizes a Docker meetup event being organized in Moscow on February 26, 2015. It provides details on why the meetup is being held, including for informal technical discussions on Docker and as an event partnered with Openstack.ru. An overview of Docker is given, explaining how it automates application deployment as lightweight portable containers that can run anywhere. Key Docker concepts like images, registries, and containers are also summarized.
This document summarizes the current status and plans for checkpoint-restore of containers using CRIU (Checkpoint-Restore In Userspace). CRIU allows live migration of containers by taking incremental checkpoints of a container's memory and filesystem and restoring it on another host with minimal downtime. The latest CRIU release supports checkpointing and restoring most typical application needs and is being integrated with container tools like OpenVZ, LXC, and Docker to enable live migration capabilities. The document outlines usage scenarios for CRIU and provides demos of how it works with OpenVZ and for live migration using the P.Haul project, which bundles CRIU functionality for live migration of containers between hosts.
Libcontainer: joining forces under one roofAndrey Vagin
Libcontainer is a project that aims to create a common library for container management across different technologies like Docker and LXC. It avoids external dependencies and supports multiple container types through a common API. The goal is to allow cooperation and code reuse across projects through a shared container management library. Libct is a companion C library that provides a frontend API for managing the entire container lifecycle.
FOSDEM2015: Live migration for containers is around the cornerAndrey Vagin
CRIU is a tool for checkpoint and restore of processes in Linux. It began as a project in OpenVZ in 2011 to allow migration of virtual machines without downtime. CRIU works by dumping the memory and process state of running processes, transferring that data to another machine, and restoring the processes from that saved state. Recent improvements include iterative dumping to reduce freeze times during migration and integration with tools like P.Haul for live migration of containers between hosts. CRIU is widely used and has an active development community contributing to new kernel features and enhancements to CRIU's capabilities.
Caching in Docker - the hardest thing in computer scienceJarek Potiuk
The document discusses challenges with caching dependencies and sources when building Docker images across different environments.
It finds that builds are faster when caching locally but slower when caching dependencies across CI/CD pipelines due to differences in file permissions and generated files. Specifically:
1) File permissions differ between local builds and CI/CD due to user and group settings
2) Generated files like documentation and cache files cause issues because they are not ignored
3) Reinstalling all dependencies from scratch on each build is slow.
It provides solutions like fixing group permissions, setting dockerignore, pre-building wheels, and multi-stage builds to better leverage caching across environments.
OpenNebula Conf 2014: CentOS, QA an OpenNebula - Christoph GaluschkaNETWAYS
CentOS, the Community Enterprise OS, uses Opennebula as virtualization plattform for its automated QA-process. The opennebula setup consists of 3 nodes, all running CentOS-6, who handle the following tasks:
– sunstone as cloud controller
– local mirror/DNS-Server/http-Server for the VMs to pull in packages
– one VM to run a jenkins instance to launch the various tests (ci.de.centos.org)
– nginx on the cloud controller to forward http traffic to the jenkins VM
A public git repository (http://www.gitorious.org/testautomation) is used to allow whoever wants to contribute to pull the current test suite – t_functional, a series of bash scripts used to do funtional tests of various applications, binaries, configuration files and Trademark issues. As new tests are added to the repo via personal clones and merge requests, those tests first need to complete a test run via jenkins. Each test run currently consists of 4 VMs (one for each arch for C5 and C6 – C7 to come), which run the complete test suite. All VMs used for theses tests are instantiated and torn down on demand, whenever the call to testrun a personal clone is issued (via IRC).
Once completed successfully, the request is merged into the main repo. The jenkins node monitors this repository and which automatically triggers another complete test run.
Besides these triggered test runs, the test suite is automatically triggered daily to run. This is used to verify functionality of published updates – a handfull of failty updates have allready been discovered this way.
Besides t_functional, the Linux Test Project Suite of tests is also run on a daily basis, also to verify functionality of the OS and all updates.
The third setup is used to test the available and functional integrity of published docker images for CentOS.
All these tests are later – during the QA-phase of a point release – used to verify functionality of new packages inside the CentOS QA-Setup.
A deep dive into the history of containers as well as an introduction to how they work under the covers. This includes a discussion around Control Groups and Process Namespaces, as well as touching on some underlying syscalls, such as Fork and Clone.
At Bangalore Kubernetes meetup April 2017. This is about running Kubernetes using alternative container runtime cri-o and runc.
Event report for the meetup: suraj.io/post/blr-k8s-meetup-april-2017/
An Open Source Story: Open Containers & Open CommunitiesPhil Estes
A talk given at All Thing Open's Open Source 101 event at NC State University, Raleigh, North Carolina on Saturday, 17th February, 2018.
This talk covered some interesting history lessons of the Docker open source project and inter-vendor tensions. If you were not at this talk do not read intent into these slides as this was truly an attempt at a "blame-free" post-mortem of the important topics of open source, governance, and foundations as it related to the extremely popular Docker open source project.
The Notary project has officially been accepted in to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). It has moved to https://github.com/theupdateframework/notary. Any downstream consumers should update their Go imports to use this new location, which will be the canonical location going forward.
We have moved the repo in GitHub, which will allow existing importers to continue using the old location via GitHub's redirect.
The NetBSD package Collection - a.k.a pkgsrcAkio OBATA
Pkgsrc is a package collection system that allows software to be built and installed from source for multiple operating systems. It began as a ports-like system for NetBSD but has expanded to support over 20 platforms. Pkgsrc provides quarterly stable releases and allows packages to be built from source or binary formats. It uses a tier system to classify package stability and supports multiple compilers, fetch commands, and binary package formats.
This document discusses scaling a Docker registry. It mentions that the Docker registry can store images using various backends like file storage, S3, Azure, Google Cloud Storage and OpenStack. It also discusses using Elliptics storage which is a key-value store with distributed hash tables and caching. The network discussed connects multiple datacenters with millisecond latency using IPv6.
This document discusses problems and solutions related to Linux containers. It addresses issues such as performance overhead from virtualization, sharing resources between containers, live migration of large containers, and common file systems. Solutions proposed include namespaces, cgroups, OpenVZ resource controls, iterative RAM migration, rewriting code for upstream acceptance, CRIU for checkpoint/restore in userspace, and ploop for a modular file-based storage solution.
BKK16-407 AOSP Toolchain Evolution and experimental languages on AOSPLinaro
Big toolchain changes ahead...
AOSP is moving towards clang based toolchains rather than gcc.
Current AOSP master already builds completely with clang 3.8 by default.
Kernels and some HAL layers for old devices remain on gcc for now.
What is Linaro doing to help?
CRIU: Time and Space Travel for Linux ContainersKirill Kolyshkin
This talk describes CRIU (checkpoint/restore in userspace) software, used to checkpoint, restore, and live migrate Linux containers and processes. It describes the live migration, compares it to that of VM, and shows other uses for checkpoint/restore.
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish mathematician and astronomer born in 1473 who developed a heliocentric model of the solar system placing the Sun at the center, rather than the Earth. He studied mathematics and astronomy at the University of Cracow and developed his theory that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, accurately explaining observations that were inconsistent with the geocentric Ptolemaic system embraced at the time.
Over the years our engineers faced some complex technical problems. This talk is an overview of some of those problems, as well as solutions we came up with.
This document provides information about the author. It summarizes that the author lives in Ambler and Hatboro, is good at helping others, working, school, and taking care of children. It also notes things the author wants to do again like building and riding various vehicles, and things they wouldn't like to do like skydiving and hunting.
Este documento lista y describe varias plataformas populares de desarrollo web como Weebly, Wix, Joomla, Webs, Yola, Jimdo, Medium, Edublogs y Squarespace. Las plataformas más destacadas mencionadas son Weebly, Wix y Joomla, que permiten a usuarios sin experiencia en codificación crear y administrar sitios web profesionales de manera fácil e intuitiva.
This is a little overview of myself. It will tell people who don't know me learn some background information about me. This is a visual that will tell you who I am and what kind of person I am.
Checkpoint-restore in userspace allows snapshotting an application's state and restoring it later. It enables use cases like live migration, rebootless kernel updates, and load balancing. The CRIU project aims to implement checkpoint-restore mainly in userspace with helper code in the kernel. It has made progress merging over 100 patches and new kernel features that expose application state. CRIU can now snapshot process trees, memory mappings, open files and more for many real applications on Linux 3.6. The project continues working on full OS resource coverage and integration with containers.
Dokumen tersebut merupakan laporan penelitian tentang peranan organisasi Tzu-Chi dalam membantu masyarakat Sumatera Utara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman masyarakat bahwa organisasi Tzu-Chi tidak mewajibkan anggotanya untuk beragama Buddha dan melakukan berbagai kegiatan sosial untuk membantu masyarakat.
Nicolaus Copernicus was a Polish mathematician and astronomer born in 1473 who developed a heliocentric model of the solar system placing the Sun at the center, rather than the Earth. He studied mathematics and astronomy at the University of Cracow and developed his revolutionary theory that the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun, accurately explaining observations that had confounded the geocentric Ptolemaic system and transforming scientific thought.
Maintaining online presence, I'm proposing converse should continue the online conversations by identifying key influencers, communities, and letting creativity & uniqueness run wild with their customers.
The document discusses white hat SEO techniques and provides guidelines for ethical SEO. It notes that white hat SEO involves using clear codes and authentic optimization methods rather than illegal activities that could lead to penalties from search engines. The document provides numerous tips, including using relevant keywords, optimizing page titles and headers, creating unique and high-quality content, and building links from other high-quality sites. The overall message is that white hat SEO through ethical practices is the best approach for long-term success and avoiding penalties from search engines.
Checkpoint/Restore is a technology that allows to take a snapshot of running Linux processes and restore those processes at any other place and time. This opens various possibilities such as live migration, keeping HPC tasks safe from hardware problems, cloud services, dynamic load balancing etc. Despite being very tempting feature to have, Linux lacked one for quite a long time.
The Checkpoint-Restore In Userspace (CRIU) project is The One to make this technology real. This talk covers the project history, its dependence from and influence on the Linux Kernel, and then goes on to usage scenarios that are now real with CRIU and that will be possible in the future.
The talk will be interesting to anyone who knows Linux as user, but especially to system and distribution developers, advanced users, and anyone involved in containers, virtualization, HA or HPC.
The talk is about operating system virtualization technology known as OpenVZ. This is an effective way of partitioning a Linux machine into multiple isolated Linux containers. All containers are running on top of one single Linux kernel, which results in excellent density, performance and manageability. The talk gives an overall description of OpenVZ building blocks, such as namespaces, cgroups and various resource controllers. A few features, notably live migration and virtual swap, are described in greater details. Results of some performance measurements against VMware, Xen and KVM are given. Finally, we will provide a status update on merging bits and pieces of OpenVZ kernel to upstream Linux kernel, and share our plans for the future.
OpenVZ, which has turned 7 recently, is an implementation of lightweight virtualization technology for Linux, something which is also referred to as LXC or just containers. The talk gives an insight into 7 different problems with containers and how they were solved. While most of these problems and solutions belongs in the Linux kernel, kernel knowledge is not expected from the audience.
This talk is about a new interface to get information about processes, called task_diag, which we developed.
Currently /proc file system is used to get information about the processes running on the system. All information are presented as text files, which is convenient for humans, but not for programs such as ps and top. This incurs significant delays, especially on a systems with lots of containers running, which is frequently the case nowdays.
Ideally, tools such top and ps would get information in binary format, and use flexible means to specify which kinds of information and for which tasks is required. Presented is a new interface with all these features, called task_diag.
task_diag is based on netlink sockets and looks like socket-diag, which is used to get information about sockets. It uses the request-response model. An request specifies a set of processes and required properties for them. A response contains requested information and can be divided into a few netlink packets if it's too long.
The task diag is much faster than the /proc file system. For example, when reading from /proc, ps opens, reads, and closes many files -- and iterates this for every single processes. With task_diag, it's just sending a request and getting a response.
Except for ps and top, the proposed interface is to be used by CRIU, a containers checkpoint/restore and live migration mechanism. Also, developers of perf tool found that it can be useful to them and implemented a prototype which show a big performance improvements in case of using task_diag instead of procfs.
Our performance measurements show that the ps tool works at least four times faster if task_diag is used instead of procfs.
Kонтейнерная виртуализация в продуктах parallels прошлое, настоящее и будущее.WG_ Events
Доклад: Контейнерная виртуализация в продуктах Parallels: прошлое, настоящее и будущее.
Kонстантин Хоренко закончил ВМиК МГУ в 2001 году, пришёл в Parallels (тогда ещё SWsoft) в 2005 году, занимался разработкой ядра (Linux + поддержка виртуализации) продуктов OpenVZ/Virtuozzo/PSBM/PCS, занимался поддержкой ядерной части продуктов в качестве инженера 3-й линии, с 2012 года руковожу командой разработчиков ядра Linux в Parallels.
This document discusses the evolution of version control systems from centralized systems like CVS and SVN to distributed systems like Git and Mercurial. It covers the benefits of distributed version control systems including easier collaboration without a central server, ability to work offline, simple branching and merging, and tools for sharing changes within developer communities. The document also describes lessons learned from Eclipse's migration from CVS to a distributed system, including their selection of Git due to existing Eclipse projects for the Git library (JGit) and tools (EGit).
The document discusses the evolution of version control systems from centralized to distributed systems. It summarizes Eclipse's move to using Git and Gerrit for version control and code review. Key points include the benefits of distributed version control like easy branching and merging, disconnected operations, and empowering community collaboration. Challenges in the transition included updating processes for code review through tools like Gerrit.
Not so brief history of Linux Containers - Kir KolyshkinOpenVZ
Linux containers have evolved from initial ideas in 1999 to widespread use today. Early container technologies included Virtuozzo in 1999-2000 and the introduction of namespaces in 2000-2001. The Linux-VServer project in 2001 helped advance containers. Checkpointing and live migration were implemented in 2002-2003. OpenVZ in 2005 helped popularize containers. Developments from 2006-2010 included new namespaces and use of cgroups. Docker in 2013 and projects like CoreOS and LXC further advanced containers. CRIU, introduced in 2011, helped enable checkpoint/restore in userspace. Containers are now widely used in projects like OpenStack.
Open MPI State of the Union X SC'16 BOFJeff Squyres
This document summarizes updates from the Open MPI State of the Union X Community Meeting at SC'16. It discusses changes to Open MPI's GitHub repository and contribution policy, the versioning scheme and roadmap for future versions, and lesser known features of Open MPI including support for Singularity containers, the ORTE Distributed Virtual Machine, the OMPIO parallel I/O library, AWS scale testing, and Open MPI's involvement in the Exascale Computing Project.
Containers - Cloud Phoenix March MeetupMiguel Zuniga
Linux containers allow running multiple isolated Linux systems on a single host. They provide operating system-level virtualization using kernel features like namespaces and cgroups. Containers can be used for running multiple software versions, tightly controlling application resources, and creating development/testing environments. Popular container technologies include OpenVZ and LXC, with Docker providing container management. Containers share the same OS kernel and hardware resources, providing better performance than virtual machines.
High Performance Computing and Open Source & Linux Technical Excellence Sympo...Gonéri Le Bouder
FusionInventory is an open source asset management and inventory system that uses agents installed on devices to collect hardware and software inventory information. It has been in development for over 5 years as a fork of the OCS Inventory UNIX agent. It supports agents on a wide variety of operating systems and can integrate with asset management systems like GLPI. The project has an active community of developers and contributors working on features like improved agent development, testing, and integration with systems like GLPI.
OVN is an open source virtual network solution for Open vSwitch that provides logical L2 and L3 networking, including logical switches, routers, security groups, and multiple tunneling protocols. It is designed to scale to thousands of hypervisors and VMs, improve performance over existing plugins, and integrate with OpenStack and other cloud management systems through its databases and daemons. OVN aims to become the default virtual network solution in OpenStack Neutron by replacing the existing OVS plugin.
Tectonic Summit 2016: Brandon Philips, CTO of CoreOS, KeynoteCoreOS
The document discusses CoreOS's expertise across the technology stack for container-based applications. This includes Linux, container engines, container image specifications, clustered databases like etcd, cloud independence, identity federation, and more. CoreOS is focused on open standards through initiatives like the Open Container Initiative and ensuring technologies like Kubernetes, rkt, and etcd can scale to power large production deployments.
The document discusses the growth and development of the Node.js community and project. It notes that the number of contributors has grown from 14 to 85 in a year and a half. It also outlines improvements made to stability, standards support, language features, debugging tools, and the goal of a new installer. Overall the document conveys that Node.js has expanded its community involvement while focusing on increasing stability, performance, and standardization.
OpenVZ is a Linux container virtualization technology that provides operating-system-level virtualization. It allows multiple isolated Linux systems to run on a single Linux control host. Containers provide higher density and performance than hypervisors since they do not require emulating virtual hardware and can naturally share kernel resources. OpenVZ uses kernel namespaces, control groups, and other features to isolate containers and manage their resources. It aims to merge its container technology into the mainstream Linux kernel to provide a consistent container solution.
The OpenVZ/Virtuozzo developers from Odin (ex Parallels) have been working on Linux container technologies since 1999. What was originally a separate patchset is now mostly merged into the upstream Linux kernel, enabling the way for projects like LXC and Docker. In the mean time, the OpenVZ/Virtuozzo Linux kernel is still one step ahead of the vanilla kernel when it comes to containers. The talk will provide details about recent efforts towards Docker and Virtuozzo interoperability. This development is twofold. The first goal is to run Docker inside an OpenVZ container and the second goal is to use the proven OpenVZ kernel as a backend for Docker (via libcontainer).
QNIBTerminal Plus InfiniBand - Containerized MPI Workloadsinside-BigData.com
In this deck, Christian Kniep presents: QNIBTerminal Plus InfiniBand - Containerized MPI Workloads.
Watch the video presentation: http://wp.me/p3RLHQ-dvM
This document provides an agenda and overview of a Docker Meetup on April 20, 2017 about using Openshift for production deployments. The agenda includes introductions to containers, Docker, Kubernetes, and Openshift, as well as demonstrations of Openshift installation, Docker orchestration using Openshift, auto-scaling with Openshift, source-to-image deployments, and CI/CD pipelines. It also includes brief introductions to container and Docker technologies, and how Kubernetes addresses problems with scheduling, lifecycles, discovery, monitoring, authentication, and scaling of containers.
This document summarizes the evolution of the RISC-V software ecosystem from 2015 to 2020. It describes how initial ports of key software in 2015, like GCC and Linux, have expanded to include upstream support in most open source software projects today. It outlines remaining priorities like completing support for specifications and filling gaps in programming language and application software support. The document concludes by encouraging continued collaboration to further mature the RISC-V software ecosystem.
Enabling Security via Container RuntimesPhil Estes
A talk given at the Google-hosted Container Security Summit on Wednesday, February 12th, 2020 in Seattle, Washington. This talk covered the impact of work done at the lower-level runtimes layer and up through layers like cri-o, containerd, and Docker to bring specific security features to overall platforms like Kubernetes.
Presentation delivered at LinuxCon China 2017.
Open vSwitch (OVS) is a multilayer open source virtual switch. OVS is designed to enable massive network automation through programmatic extension, while still supporting standard management interfaces. OVN is a new network virtualization project that brings virtual networking to the Open vSwitch user community. OVN includes logical switches and routers, security groups, and L2/L3/L4 ACLs, implemented on top of a tunnel-based overlay network.
In this presentation, we will provide an overview of the current state of the projects and their future plans, such as:
- The current state of the Linux, DPDK, and Hyper-V ports
- A status update on a portable BPF-based datapath
- The latest stateful and OpenFlow features available in OVS
- Performance and debugging enhancement to OVN
- OVN features under development such as ACL logging and encrypted tunnels
Linux on RISC-V with Open Source Hardware (Open Source Summit Japan 2020)Drew Fustini
Want to run Linux on open hardware? This talk will explore how the RISC-V, an open instruction set (ISA), and open source FPGA tools can be leveraged to achieve that goal. I will explain how myself and others at Hackaday Supercon teamed up to get Linux running on a RISC-V soft-core in the ECP5 FPGA on the conference badge. I will introduce Migen, LiteX and Vexriscv, and explain how they enabled us to quickly implement an SoC in the FPGA capable of running Linux. I will also explore other Linux-capable open source RISC-V implementations, and how some are being used in industry. Finally, I will look at what Linux-capable "hard" RISC-V SoC's currently exist, and what is on the horizon for 2021. This talk is should be relevant to people who are interested in building open hardware systems capable of running Linux. It should also be useful to people who are curious about RISC-V. Software engineers may find it exciting to learn how Python can be used to for chip-level design with Migen and LiteX, and simplify building a System-on-Chip (SoC) for an FPGA.
Google Slides link https://tinyurl.com/y6j8lfyz
The document discusses containerizing MPI workloads using Docker and QNIBTerminal. It provides an overview of Docker, describes the QNIBTerminal testbed which runs an HPCG benchmark on multiple Linux distributions within Docker containers, and presents results showing a low performance overhead for containerized workloads compared to bare metal. Future work is discussed around optimizing containers for HPC and benchmarking real-world applications.
This presentation explores code comprehension challenges in scientific programming based on a survey of 57 research scientists. It reveals that 57.9% of scientists have no formal training in writing readable code. Key findings highlight a "documentation paradox" where documentation is both the most common readability practice and the biggest challenge scientists face. The study identifies critical issues with naming conventions and code organization, noting that 100% of scientists agree readable code is essential for reproducible research. The research concludes with four key recommendations: expanding programming education for scientists, conducting targeted research on scientific code quality, developing specialized tools, and establishing clearer documentation guidelines for scientific software.
Presented at: The 33rd International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC '25)
Date of Conference: April 2025
Conference Location: Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Preprint: https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.10037
🌍📱👉COPY LINK & PASTE ON GOOGLE http://drfiles.net/ 👈🌍
Adobe Illustrator is a powerful, professional-grade vector graphics software used for creating a wide range of designs, including logos, icons, illustrations, and more. Unlike raster graphics (like photos), which are made of pixels, vector graphics in Illustrator are defined by mathematical equations, allowing them to be scaled up or down infinitely without losing quality.
Here's a more detailed explanation:
Key Features and Capabilities:
Vector-Based Design:
Illustrator's foundation is its use of vector graphics, meaning designs are created using paths, lines, shapes, and curves defined mathematically.
Scalability:
This vector-based approach allows for designs to be resized without any loss of resolution or quality, making it suitable for various print and digital applications.
Design Creation:
Illustrator is used for a wide variety of design purposes, including:
Logos and Brand Identity: Creating logos, icons, and other brand assets.
Illustrations: Designing detailed illustrations for books, magazines, web pages, and more.
Marketing Materials: Creating posters, flyers, banners, and other marketing visuals.
Web Design: Designing web graphics, including icons, buttons, and layouts.
Text Handling:
Illustrator offers sophisticated typography tools for manipulating and designing text within your graphics.
Brushes and Effects:
It provides a range of brushes and effects for adding artistic touches and visual styles to your designs.
Integration with Other Adobe Software:
Illustrator integrates seamlessly with other Adobe Creative Cloud apps like Photoshop, InDesign, and Dreamweaver, facilitating a smooth workflow.
Why Use Illustrator?
Professional-Grade Features:
Illustrator offers a comprehensive set of tools and features for professional design work.
Versatility:
It can be used for a wide range of design tasks and applications, making it a versatile tool for designers.
Industry Standard:
Illustrator is a widely used and recognized software in the graphic design industry.
Creative Freedom:
It empowers designers to create detailed, high-quality graphics with a high degree of control and precision.
Microsoft AI Nonprofit Use Cases and Live Demo_2025.04.30.pdfTechSoup
In this webinar we will dive into the essentials of generative AI, address key AI concerns, and demonstrate how nonprofits can benefit from using Microsoft’s AI assistant, Copilot, to achieve their goals.
This event series to help nonprofits obtain Copilot skills is made possible by generous support from Microsoft.
What You’ll Learn in Part 2:
Explore real-world nonprofit use cases and success stories.
Participate in live demonstrations and a hands-on activity to see how you can use Microsoft 365 Copilot in your own work!
How Valletta helped healthcare SaaS to transform QA and compliance to grow wi...Egor Kaleynik
This case study explores how we partnered with a mid-sized U.S. healthcare SaaS provider to help them scale from a successful pilot phase to supporting over 10,000 users—while meeting strict HIPAA compliance requirements.
Faced with slow, manual testing cycles, frequent regression bugs, and looming audit risks, their growth was at risk. Their existing QA processes couldn’t keep up with the complexity of real-time biometric data handling, and earlier automation attempts had failed due to unreliable tools and fragmented workflows.
We stepped in to deliver a full QA and DevOps transformation. Our team replaced their fragile legacy tests with Testim’s self-healing automation, integrated Postman and OWASP ZAP into Jenkins pipelines for continuous API and security validation, and leveraged AWS Device Farm for real-device, region-specific compliance testing. Custom deployment scripts gave them control over rollouts without relying on heavy CI/CD infrastructure.
The result? Test cycle times were reduced from 3 days to just 8 hours, regression bugs dropped by 40%, and they passed their first HIPAA audit without issue—unlocking faster contract signings and enabling them to expand confidently. More than just a technical upgrade, this project embedded compliance into every phase of development, proving that SaaS providers in regulated industries can scale fast and stay secure.
Douwan Crack 2025 new verson+ License codeaneelaramzan63
Copy & Paste On Google >>> https://dr-up-community.info/
Douwan Preactivated Crack Douwan Crack Free Download. Douwan is a comprehensive software solution designed for data management and analysis.
Avast Premium Security Crack FREE Latest Version 2025mu394968
🌍📱👉COPY LINK & PASTE ON GOOGLE https://dr-kain-geera.info/👈🌍
Avast Premium Security is a paid subscription service that provides comprehensive online security and privacy protection for multiple devices. It includes features like antivirus, firewall, ransomware protection, and website scanning, all designed to safeguard against a wide range of online threats, according to Avast.
Key features of Avast Premium Security:
Antivirus: Protects against viruses, malware, and other malicious software, according to Avast.
Firewall: Controls network traffic and blocks unauthorized access to your devices, as noted by All About Cookies.
Ransomware protection: Helps prevent ransomware attacks, which can encrypt your files and hold them hostage.
Website scanning: Checks websites for malicious content before you visit them, according to Avast.
Email Guardian: Scans your emails for suspicious attachments and phishing attempts.
Multi-device protection: Covers up to 10 devices, including Windows, Mac, Android, and iOS, as stated by 2GO Software.
Privacy features: Helps protect your personal data and online privacy.
In essence, Avast Premium Security provides a robust suite of tools to keep your devices and online activity safe and secure, according to Avast.
WinRAR Crack for Windows (100% Working 2025)sh607827
copy and past on google ➤ ➤➤ https://hdlicense.org/ddl/
WinRAR Crack Free Download is a powerful archive manager that provides full support for RAR and ZIP archives and decompresses CAB, ARJ, LZH, TAR, GZ, ACE, UUE, .
Secure Test Infrastructure: The Backbone of Trustworthy Software DevelopmentShubham Joshi
A secure test infrastructure ensures that the testing process doesn’t become a gateway for vulnerabilities. By protecting test environments, data, and access points, organizations can confidently develop and deploy software without compromising user privacy or system integrity.
Discover why Wi-Fi 7 is set to transform wireless networking and how Router Architects is leading the way with next-gen router designs built for speed, reliability, and innovation.
Copy & Paste On Google >>> https://dr-up-community.info/
EASEUS Partition Master Final with Crack and Key Download If you are looking for a powerful and easy-to-use disk partitioning software,
TestMigrationsInPy: A Dataset of Test Migrations from Unittest to Pytest (MSR...Andre Hora
Unittest and pytest are the most popular testing frameworks in Python. Overall, pytest provides some advantages, including simpler assertion, reuse of fixtures, and interoperability. Due to such benefits, multiple projects in the Python ecosystem have migrated from unittest to pytest. To facilitate the migration, pytest can also run unittest tests, thus, the migration can happen gradually over time. However, the migration can be timeconsuming and take a long time to conclude. In this context, projects would benefit from automated solutions to support the migration process. In this paper, we propose TestMigrationsInPy, a dataset of test migrations from unittest to pytest. TestMigrationsInPy contains 923 real-world migrations performed by developers. Future research proposing novel solutions to migrate frameworks in Python can rely on TestMigrationsInPy as a ground truth. Moreover, as TestMigrationsInPy includes information about the migration type (e.g., changes in assertions or fixtures), our dataset enables novel solutions to be verified effectively, for instance, from simpler assertion migrations to more complex fixture migrations. TestMigrationsInPy is publicly available at: https://github.com/altinoalvesjunior/TestMigrationsInPy.
F-Secure Freedome VPN 2025 Crack Plus Activation New Versionsaimabibi60507
Copy & Past Link 👉👉
https://dr-up-community.info/
F-Secure Freedome VPN is a virtual private network service developed by F-Secure, a Finnish cybersecurity company. It offers features such as Wi-Fi protection, IP address masking, browsing protection, and a kill switch to enhance online privacy and security .
Join Ajay Sarpal and Miray Vu to learn about key Marketo Engage enhancements. Discover improved in-app Salesforce CRM connector statistics for easy monitoring of sync health and throughput. Explore new Salesforce CRM Synch Dashboards providing up-to-date insights into weekly activity usage, thresholds, and limits with drill-down capabilities. Learn about proactive notifications for both Salesforce CRM sync and product usage overages. Get an update on improved Salesforce CRM synch scale and reliability coming in Q2 2025.
Key Takeaways:
Improved Salesforce CRM User Experience: Learn how self-service visibility enhances satisfaction.
Utilize Salesforce CRM Synch Dashboards: Explore real-time weekly activity data.
Monitor Performance Against Limits: See threshold limits for each product level.
Get Usage Over-Limit Alerts: Receive notifications for exceeding thresholds.
Learn About Improved Salesforce CRM Scale: Understand upcoming cloud-based incremental sync.
Scaling GraphRAG: Efficient Knowledge Retrieval for Enterprise AIdanshalev
If we were building a GenAI stack today, we'd start with one question: Can your retrieval system handle multi-hop logic?
Trick question, b/c most can’t. They treat retrieval as nearest-neighbor search.
Today, we discussed scaling #GraphRAG at AWS DevOps Day, and the takeaway is clear: VectorRAG is naive, lacks domain awareness, and can’t handle full dataset retrieval.
GraphRAG builds a knowledge graph from source documents, allowing for a deeper understanding of the data + higher accuracy.
Landscape of Requirements Engineering for/by AI through Literature ReviewHironori Washizaki
Hironori Washizaki, "Landscape of Requirements Engineering for/by AI through Literature Review," RAISE 2025: Workshop on Requirements engineering for AI-powered SoftwarE, 2025.
Exceptional Behaviors: How Frequently Are They Tested? (AST 2025)Andre Hora
Exceptions allow developers to handle error cases expected to occur infrequently. Ideally, good test suites should test both normal and exceptional behaviors to catch more bugs and avoid regressions. While current research analyzes exceptions that propagate to tests, it does not explore other exceptions that do not reach the tests. In this paper, we provide an empirical study to explore how frequently exceptional behaviors are tested in real-world systems. We consider both exceptions that propagate to tests and the ones that do not reach the tests. For this purpose, we run an instrumented version of test suites, monitor their execution, and collect information about the exceptions raised at runtime. We analyze the test suites of 25 Python systems, covering 5,372 executed methods, 17.9M calls, and 1.4M raised exceptions. We find that 21.4% of the executed methods do raise exceptions at runtime. In methods that raise exceptions, on the median, 1 in 10 calls exercise exceptional behaviors. Close to 80% of the methods that raise exceptions do so infrequently, but about 20% raise exceptions more frequently. Finally, we provide implications for researchers and practitioners. We suggest developing novel tools to support exercising exceptional behaviors and refactoring expensive try/except blocks. We also call attention to the fact that exception-raising behaviors are not necessarily “abnormal” or rare.
Exploring Wayland: A Modern Display Server for the FutureICS
Wayland is revolutionizing the way we interact with graphical interfaces, offering a modern alternative to the X Window System. In this webinar, we’ll delve into the architecture and benefits of Wayland, including its streamlined design, enhanced performance, and improved security features.
Exploring Wayland: A Modern Display Server for the FutureICS
What's missing from upstream kernel containers?
1. Containers in the upstream kernel
(as compared to VZ kernel)
Containers in the upstream kernel
(as compared to VZ kernel)
Kir Kolyshkin, Sergey Bronnikov
2. Who we are?Who we are?
• OpenVZ is an open source implementation of Linux containers
• Kir Kolyshkin - leading OpenVZ for 10 years
• Sergey Bronnikov - community manager of OpenVZ project
3. OpenVZ contribution to the Linux kernel:OpenVZ contribution to the Linux kernel:
v2.6.13v2.6.16v2.6.19v2.6.22v2.6.25v2.6.28v2.6.31v2.6.34v2.6.37 v3.0 v3.3 v3.6 v3.9 v3.12 v3.15 v3.18 HEAD
0
100
200
300
400
2000+ commits
4. Is OpenVZ kernel upstreamed yet?
● Yes!
● About 60%
● Biggest pieces:
– NET and PID namespaces
– Memory cgroup, device cgroup
– CRIU
– NFS virtualization
6. Things we (still) need to add 1/2
● Ploop and related ext4 changes
● Memory management and accounting
– backport of kmemcg
– idle memory tracking (for vcmmd)
– network buffers memory accounting
– OOM killer virtualization
● /sys and /proc virtualization
7. Things we (still) need to add 2/2
● Network: venet, iptables (marks)
● FUSE upstream backports
● Printk virtualization
● /dev/console virtualization
● Time namespace (for monotonic timers wrt migration)
● Misc legacy (vziolimit, vzlist, vzredir, vznetstat, beancounters...)
– Beancounters: numiptent, numfile, numproc
#4: Зачем нам отдавать свои патчи в мейнстрим
меньше усилий по поддержке своих патчей во время переезда на новую версию ядра
хотим, чтобы нашими контейнерами можно было пользоваться без установки специального ядра
FIXME: количество патчей для разных компонентов ядра 2.6.18 vs 2.6.32, 2.6.32 vs 3.11
FIXME: добавить картинку с нашими патчами в upstream (http://openvz.org/File:Kernel_patches_stats.png)
мы добавили:
namespaces (pid, ipc, network)
CRIU
cgroups controllers
нужен график коммитов в ядро http://openvz.org/File:Kernel_patches_stats.png
У нас есть OpenVZ -- большой набор патчей, реализующих разную функциональность для контейнеров. Эта функциональность делится на некие "кирпичики", составляющие. Ну, например, network namespaces -- возможность иметь в ядре Линукса не одну сущность под названием "сетевая подсистема", а много. Эта сущность включает в себя экземпляр TCP/IP стека, таблицы маршрутизации, таблицы фаерволлинга, всякие разные кеши и хеши, ну и собственно сами сетевые устройства. Возможность создавать свои отдельные экземпляры сетевой подсистемы, отдавать его контейнеру, прокидывать туда устройства и т.п. -- это и есть один из "кирпичиков", из которых построена OpenVZ.
Так вот, время от времени мы берём такой кирпичик и пытаемся воссоздать его в мейнстрим-ядре. Не просто послать на linux-kernel@ часть наших патчей, а именно воссоздать, то есть по сути с нуля, заново реализовать, представить на суд общественности, получить комментарии, поправить, представить на суд общественности -- и так далее, пока или оно не будет принято, или кончится терпение и мы плюнем на это неподъёмное дело. Вот таким примерно образом мы "засовываем" OpenVZ в мейнстрим ядро. После того, как "кирпичик" появляется в мейнстриме, мы выкидываем аналогичную часть из нашего патча и адаптируемся к мейнстримному (иногда написанному нами же, иногда нет).
http://k001.livejournal.com/774225.html
Отчего же тогда мы не отдаём весь ядерный код OpenVZ в ваниллу? Мы отдаём! Уже несколько лет как этим занимаемся, с переменным успехом (сейчас, я посмотрел, в ядре примерно 1700 патчей от нас, что не так уж и хреново, хотя, конечно, хочется много больше).
Как это примерно происходит, описано выше на примере PID namespace. Бывает, что сложнее, бывает, что проще, бывает, что вообще не удаётся сделать то, что примут. Не потому, что криво, глючно и никому не надо, как думают аналитики на ЛОРе, а потому, что процесс принятия патчей -- сложный, по ряду причин. Например, мало кто понимает, что такое контейнеры и нафига они вообще нужны. Или понимают, но имеют своё, отличающееся от нашего видение, как решать ту или иную проблему. Поэтому тут больше надо разговаривать, убеждать, отстаивать свои подходы, чем просто писать и засылать хороший код. Для тех, кто думает, что на самом деле всё просто, а просто наши инженеры тупые -- покажите мне, сколько ваших нетривиальных патчей приняли, и мы поговорим.
Что насчёт светлого будущего? Какое оно? Когда оно наступит? В нашем понимании, идеальное светлое будущее -- это когда OpenVZ патч к ядру будет нулевого размера, то есть мы хотим, чтобы вся функциональность, которая есть в OpenVZ, появилась в ванильном ядре. Когда это наступит? Я боюсь, что никогда, ибо мир неидеален. Но если, скажем, в ванилле будет 60 или 80% нашей функциональности -- я буду счастлив (сейчас там примерно 20-30%, точнее сложно сказать).
http://ru-openvz.livejournal.com/1970.html