FirefoxOS Window Management
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This document provides an overview of the window management architecture in Firefox OS. It discusses the AppWindow class and its subclasses like ActivityWindow and HomescreenWindow. It covers modules like AppWindowManager, ActivityWindowManager, and LayoutManager that manage window instances. It outlines principles like wrapping APIs and focusing on single responsibilities. It includes diagrams of window lifecycles and event flows. It proposes future work like improving transitions, removing origin references, and implementing LockScreenWindow and ScreenSaverWindow. The document gives a detailed but technical summary of the Firefox OS window management system.
![Activity Management
● [Meta] Activity Management https://bugzilla.
mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=931341
○ We couldn’t have two same pages opened right
now. Need to fix system message bug.
○ The timing of opening activities and kill activities.
○ The memory management of callee/caller.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/windowmgmt-140110044236-phpapp02/85/FirefoxOS-Window-Management-26-320.jpg)
![Origin hell
● [Gaia] Most of the origin reference in gaia could be resolved once
all UI components are moved inside AppWindow.
● [Gecko] Plenty of mozChromeEvents are telling us who is the
target by the manifestURL and/or origin, and this is wrong.
○ How about an inline activity is asking geolocation permission?
● Entry point is still a pain -- if we cannot get out of it we end up living
with pageURL/manifestURL dirty mapping.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/windowmgmt-140110044236-phpapp02/85/FirefoxOS-Window-Management-68-320.jpg)
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FirefoxOS Window Management
- 1. FxOS Window Mgmt (1.4+) http://bit.ly/window-mgmt-slide Last updated: 2014/01/08
- 2. Window Manager of FxOS A god-like-object doing everything. Deeply coupled with many other modules in system app, for example LockScreen. Bugs, bugs, bugs.
- 3. Window Manager v1.0.1 ~ v1.3 Thanks you guys!!
- 4. God's Window, Mpumalanga - South Africa
- 5. As an architect, I’d love to setup different things into its position to relief the pain of management. Let the window manage itself!
- 6. AppWindow ● Basic class of all kind of windows ● Exactly it’s a wrapper to mozBrowser API. ● In order not be a fat class, we have ○ BrowserMixin to adapt mozBrowser API ○ Sub components: modalDialog, authDialog, chrome, transitionController ● Managed by AppWindowManager only when interaction with others are involved.
- 7. Architecture http://goo.gl/pSvh9F Meta bug http://bugzil.la/window-management Jsdoc http://alivedise.github.io/gaia-systemjsdoc/AppWindow.html
- 8. Core principles 1. Wrap any API once and use the wrapper everywhere we need it. 2. Module/Object communications. 3. One object concentrates on doing one thing. 4. Managers care interaction between two instances only. Instance itself is responsible to take care of everything that is only related to itself. 5. Instances are managed by its directy parent.
- 9. Maintain AppWindow class In order not to have a fat appWindow prototype, current strategy is grouping methods/properties by function in the same mixing object and injected into AppWindow.prototype
- 11. Events ● {PREFIX}created/{PREFIX}terminated Managers are notified by this pair of events. ● {PREFIX}willrender/{PREFIX}rendered LayoutManager may decide where to layout the frame by changing app.containerElement on |appwillrender| event. ● {PREFIX}opening/{PREFIX}opened ● {PREFIX}closing/{PREFIX}closed ● {PREFIX}resized
- 12. Event prefix ● Exactly means the type of the window. ● app/homescreen/activity/popup/browser/…. ● Wrapper is a specific appWindow now, so they are sharing same eventPrefix.
- 13. Internal events/External events appWindow.publish(‘external’); appWindow.broadcast(‘internal’); var app = new AppWindow(); app.element.addEventListener(‘_internal’, callback1); // semantic sugar: app.subscribe(‘internal’, callback); window.addEventListener(‘appexternal’, callback2);
- 15. AppWindow Inheritance Diagram (outdated)
- 18. Launch an app ● Active launch: mozApps API ● Inactive launch: System Message
- 21. Terminate an app ● window.close(); ● crash ● killed by OOM killer
- 23. FTU Launching Flow FTU launching flow (I)
- 26. Activity Management ● [Meta] Activity Management https://bugzilla. mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=931341 ○ We couldn’t have two same pages opened right now. Need to fix system message bug. ○ The timing of opening activities and kill activities. ○ The memory management of callee/caller.
- 27. Activity Management (cont.) ● An AppWindow instance is just playing the role as the Manager of its own ActivityWindow child. ● ActivityWindow has a caller and maybe a callee and so forth ● AppWindow maybe callee of another AppWindow/Activity in case it’s a window disposition activity
- 28. Create an Activity var activity = new MozActivity({ name: "pick", data: { type: "image/jpeg" } }); activity.onsuccess = function() { console.log("Activity successfuly handled"); var imgSrc = this.result.blob; } activity.onerror = function() { console.log("The activity encouter en error: " + this.error); }
- 30. Terminating Activity ● ● ● ● window.close(); crash killed by OOM killer postResult/postError
- 33. Orientation Management OrientationManager ● Fetch default orientation ● Get current orientation ● When orientation changes, gecko resizes the system app and system would get resize event.
- 35. Orientation States ● Orientation changes whenever ○ App itself calls screen.mozLockOrientation or screen.mozUnlockOrientation ○ App has ‘orientation’ property in its manifest ■ Changed to app orientation when opening transition ends. ■ Changed to homescreen orientation when closing transition begins.
- 36. Layout Management LayoutManager ● Fetch width and height ● When events which would affect the size of the app window occurs, LayoutManager fires ‘system-resize’ event.
- 38. Resizing States Resizing occurs whenever ● External events -- apply to top active app window only. ● App opening transition ends “AND” it has been resized before.
- 39. Visibility Management VisibilityManager ● Gathering all external events affect the top most app window’s page visibility. ● App window itself has to manage its own visibility while transition occurs.
- 40. Visibility States Page visibility changes whenever ● App opening transition starts. (Turn into true) ● App closing transition ends. (Turn into false) ● External overlay events -- Only apply to the active Window.
- 41. Event driven design AppWindow has two kinds of events ● External event by appWindow.publish ○ Custom event dispatched on global object. ○ Any external event EVENTNAME would trigger internal event _EVENTNAME at first. ● Internal event by appWindow.broadcast ○ Custom event dispatched on app window element without event bubbling stage.
- 42. External events ● For any manager-like module who care the groups of instances. AppWindow.publish(INTERNAL_EVENT_NAME); window.addEventListener(INTERNAL_EVENT_NAME, callback);
- 43. Internal events ● For the module who only care one target. ● Subcomponents usually needs this only. appWindow.broadcast(INTERNAL_EVENT_NAME); appWindow.element.addEventListener (_INTERNAL_EVENT_NAME, callback);
- 44. Your own window manager ● Listen to appcreated/appterminated and maintain a list of instances you are intereseted in. ● Know the transition state change by appopened/appclosed events. ● Know the visibility state change by appforeground/appbackground events
- 45. Your own window manager document.querySelector(‘appWindow.active’); // For who needs to know who is the active window. // NOTE: TrustedUI/PopupWindow is not active now. You cannot find them by this way. // NOTE: When activity occurs, AppWindow and ActivityWindow both are active.
- 46. Managers of window instances ● ● ● ● ● AppWindowManager ActivityWindowManager AttentionWindowManager ShrinkingUIManager StackManager
- 47. AppWindowManager ● Process open/close request from appWindow instances. ● Redirect resize/visibility request from LayoutManager/VisibilityManager to active appWindow instance.
- 48. AppWindowFactory ● Process app launch request from gecko. ● Process app terminate request from gecko.
- 49. HomescreenLauncher ● Responsible to create HomescreenWindow instance and make sure it’s a singleton. ● Virtualize homescreen getter for replacable homescrees HomescreenLauncher.getHomescreen() ● Redirect requests to homescreen app.
- 50. HomescreenWindow Different from appWindow ● Singleton (controlled by HomescreenLauncher) ● External event name prefix ● Life cycle management ○ Restart on terminating at foreground ○ Restart upon |homescreenopening| event.
- 51. FTULauncher ● Responsible for fetching FTU info and launching FTU ● Read/write internal flag that FTU has been correctly runned or not. ○ ftudone ○ ftuskip
- 52. ActivityWindowFactory/Manager ● Decide inline activity caller/callee relationship when creating activityWindow intances. (Should be ActivityWindowFactory.) ● Maintain a list of all opened activityWindow instances for inline activities. ● Redirect resize/visibilitychange requests to
- 53. ActivityWindow Different from AppWindow ● Resize/Orientation management ○ Copy size/orientation from caller when no fullscreen/orientation propery in its manifest. ● Life cycle management ○ When killed: kill callee until the end of the chain. ○ reopen caller if killed at foreground by caller. requestOpen() and AppWindowManager would
- 57. Window Mgmt. Sub Components of AppWindow
- 60. AppWindow Sub components var app = new AppWindow(); app.ModalDialog = new BrowserModalDialog(app); app.AuthDialog = new BrowserAuthDialog(app); app.ChromeUI = new BrowserChrome(app, config);
- 61. BrowserChrome (a.k.a appChrome) ● ProcessingBar ● NavigationUI
- 62. BrowserModalDialog ● Gaia implementation of window. alert/window.confirm/window.prompt by pure HTML.
- 63. WindowTransitionController ● One of the AppWindow’s sub-component. ● The one who really processes appWindow’s open/close transitions. ● Publish opened/closed/opening/closing event on appWindow according to the state change of internal transition state machine. ● TODO: move generic transitionstatechange
- 64. Window Mgmt. Progress / Plans
- 66. What’s had been done 1. Screenshoting management (by appWindow itself instead of WindowManager) 2. Orientation management 3. Visibility management 4. HomescreenWindow + HomescreenLauncher 5. ActivityWindow + ActivityWindowFactory 6. AppWindowManager
- 67. What’s next? What’s left? 1. CardView - Reflection of app stacks 2. Swipe Gesture Improvement 3. BrowserWindow / PopupWindow / AttentionWindow 4. Enhance AppChrome for Haida 5. Release us from origin/manifestURL messy 6. …. see meta bugs.
- 68. Origin hell ● [Gaia] Most of the origin reference in gaia could be resolved once all UI components are moved inside AppWindow. ● [Gecko] Plenty of mozChromeEvents are telling us who is the target by the manifestURL and/or origin, and this is wrong. ○ How about an inline activity is asking geolocation permission? ● Entry point is still a pain -- if we cannot get out of it we end up living with pageURL/manifestURL dirty mapping.
- 69. Play with app transitions ● Due to the incoming UX change I think what we have to do is define how we customize the transitions. ● Transition/Animation are applied to whole appWindow instances ● Transition/Animationa are defined in css with a single class. ● The tasks we need to do before/after transitions are fixed. At least I hope so.
- 70. Play with app transitions (cont.) var app = new AppWindow(‘uitestapp’); app.open(); app.close(): app.open(‘zoom-out’); app.close(‘zoom-in’); app.open(‘swipe-in’); app.close(‘swipe-out’); // WindowTransitionController do whatever for you so you only need to write down the css rule.
- 71. Play with app transitions (cont.) // TODO: If we want to do a transition but it’s neither open nor close var app = new AppWindow(); app.animate(‘somewhere’); // Animating app.finish(); // Stopping animation and restore. // We don’t need to publish appopening/appclosing event in this case, // but we may have appanimating/appanimated event if necessary. // So maybe we still need some submodule to do that for us.
- 72. LockScreenWindow ● Isolate LockScreen ● Managed under AppWindowManager ○ Visibility ○ Orientation ○ Layout
- 73. SecureWindow ● Use case: Camera app on Lockscreen ● Launch an appWindow with config.oop = false by default.
- 74. KeyboardWindow ● KeyboardManager delt with everything now. ● Stop Growing! ● KeyboardWindow is responsible to ○ Handle mozBrowser events like OOM ○ Transition state control
- 75. Window Mgmt v.next 1. Move LockScreen into iframe and/or let it controlled by LockScreenWindow 2. Move KeyboardManager into appWindow and become AppKeyboardController. 3. Enhance LayoutManager and thus we would have multiple windows. (for TV request). 4. Move more mozChromeEvent into mozBrowser events to manager things better. 5. Remove all ‘origin’ reference. 6. Implement ScreenSaverWindow (for Tablet request).