Wireless & Mobile Lecture # 20
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Bluetooth was initially developed in 1994 to allow laptops to make phone calls via mobile phones. It uses the 2.4 GHz frequency band and can connect devices within 10 meters, with a maximum speed of 720 kbps. Bluetooth supports applications for data/voice access points, real-time voice/data transmission on portable devices, and cable replacement by providing wireless connectivity between devices.
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Bluetooth Technology Todays Advanced Wireless Communication SystemEdgefxkits & Solutions Bluetooth technology is a wireless communication protocol that connects electronic devices when they are close to each other and intends to replace the cables connecting various types of devices, from mobile phones and headset. Here you can learn more in detail about Bluetooth technology.
Bluetooth
BluetoothShiva Krishna Chandra Shekar Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances. It allows devices such as phones, laptops, headphones, and others to connect to each other and exchange information without wires. Bluetooth operates using radio waves in the unlicensed ISM band at 2.4 GHz and switches between different channels very rapidly. It was developed in 1994 and is now maintained by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group with over 6,000 member companies. While it provides a convenient wireless connection for devices in close proximity, some early implementations had security vulnerabilities that could allow unauthorized access to data.
Protols used in bluetooth
Protols used in bluetoothSonali Parab Protocol layers are a hierarchical model of network or communication functions. The divisions of the hierarchy are referred to as layers or levels, with each layer performing a specific task. In addition, each protocol layer obtains services from the protocol layer below it and performs services for the protocol layer above it. The Bluetooth system divides communication functions into protocol layers.
The Bluetooth system consists of many existing protocols that are directly used or have been adapted to the specific use of the Bluetooth system. Protocols are often divided into groups that are used for different levels of communication (a protocol stack). Lower level protocols (such as protocols that are used to manage a radio link between specific points) are only used to create, manage, and disconnect transmission between specific points. Mid-level protocols (such as transmission control protocols) are used to create, manage, and disconnect a logical connection between endpoints that may have multiple link connections between them. High level protocols (application layer protocols) are used to launch, control, and close end-user applications.
Some of the layers associated with the Bluetooth system include the baseband layer (physical layer), link layer, host controller interface (HCI), logical link control applications protocol (L2CAP), RF Communications protocol (RFCOMM), Object Exchange (OBEX), and service discovery.
Bluetooth
BluetoothKashyap Shah Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology standard for exchanging data between devices like mobile phones, headphones, smartwatches and laptops. It was developed in 1994 and first released in 1999. Bluetooth allows for wireless connections between devices that are in close proximity to each other, within a range of around 10 meters. It uses radio waves to enable wireless communication between multiple devices without interference.
Bluetooth technology
Bluetooth technologySomesh Biradar Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances. It allows many types of digital devices to connect easily and quickly without cables by creating small personal area networks. Bluetooth works using a radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum that breaks up data being sent and transmits pieces of it on up to 79 bands from 2.4-2.4835 GHz. It defines protocols for devices to discover each other and establish connections to exchange data over the air. Bluetooth is gaining popularity and acceptance for enabling wireless connections between diverse devices from phones to laptops to peripherals. While offering advantages, it also raises some issues regarding interference, security, and reliability that require analysis.
Bluetooth Intro
Bluetooth Introamit_monty Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances using short-wavelength UHF radio waves. It allows devices such as phones, laptops, printers, headphones, and others to connect to each other and exchange information without wires. The Bluetooth protocol stack includes layers like the baseband layer for link management and frequency hopping, L2CAP for data transmission, and various profiles for different applications.
Overview of Bluetooth technology
Overview of Bluetooth technologySuman Bhattacharyya Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology that allows data exchange between fixed and mobile devices over short distances. It uses radio waves in the 2.4 GHz band and supports data rates of up to 1 Mbps within a 10 meter range. Bluetooth devices can form piconets with one device acting as the master to multiple slaves, or scatternets by interconnecting multiple piconets. Common applications include wireless headsets, file transfers between devices, and connecting peripherals like keyboards and mice. Advantages are wireless connectivity, low power usage, and avoidance of interference through frequency hopping. Limitations include short range and lower security compared to other wireless standards. Future versions aim to improve speed, range, and support larger networks.
Bluetooth technology
Bluetooth technologyMadugula Kumar Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology that was originally developed as a cable replacement for connecting devices. It allows for data exchange between fixed and mobile devices over short distances. Bluetooth operates in the unlicensed 2.4 GHz band and can connect up to seven devices in a piconet, with higher level scatternets supporting more devices. Advantages of Bluetooth include eliminating wires, enabling ad hoc networks, being standardized and free of charge. Disadvantages include short range, less security, and interference potential with other devices. Future versions of Bluetooth aim to improve capabilities such as security, data rates, power reduction and range.
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- 2. Overview of Bluetooth Initially developed by Swedish mobile phone maker in 1994 to let laptop computers make calls over a mobile phone. And then later on several thousands companies have signed to make it Designed to provide universal short-range wireless capability Industry observers expect Bluetooth to be installed in billions of devices by 2005 Uses 2.4-GHz band, available globally for unlicensed low power uses Devices within 10 m can share up to 720 kbps of capacity Supports open-ended list of applications Data, audio, graphics, video Audio devices can include headsets, cordless and standard phone, home stereos and digital MP3 players Chapter No. 15
- 3. Bluetooth Application Areas Bluetooth provides support for three general application areas using short range wireless connectivity: Data and voice access points Real-time voice and data transmissions on portable and stationary communication devices Cable replacement Eliminates need for numerous cable attachments for connection. Connections are instant and re maintained even when devices are not within line of sight. The range of each radio is approximately 10 m, but can be extended to 100 m with an optical amplifier Ad hoc networking Device with Bluetooth radio can establish connection with another when in range
- 4. Bluetooth Standards Documents Core specifications It describes the details of various layers of Bluetooth protocol architecture from the radio interface to link control Profile specifications Are concerned with the use of Bluetooth technology to support various applications. The purpose of a profile specification is to define a standard of interoperability, so that products from different vendors that claim to support a given usage model will work together. For example when two devices come within range of one another, they can automatically query each other for a common profile. This might then cause the end users of the device to be alerted, or cause some automatic data exchange to take place
- 5. Protocol Architecture Bluetooth is a layered protocol architecture Core protocols Cable replacement and telephony control protocols Adopted protocols Core protocols Radio Specifies details of the air interface, including frequency, the use of frequency hopping, modulation scheme, and transmit power. Baseband Concerned with connection establishment within a piconet, addressing, packet format, timing and power control. Link manager protocol (LMP) Responsible for link setup between Bluetooth devices and ongoing link management. This includes security aspects such as authentication and encryption, plus the control and negotiation of baseband packet sizes. Logical link control and adaptation protocol (L2CAP) Adapts upper layer protocols to the baseband layer, L2CAP provides both connectionless and connection-oriented services. Service discovery protocol (SDP) Device information, services and the characteristics of the service can be queried to enable the establishment of a connection between two or more Bluetooth devices.
- 6. Protocol Architecture Cable replacement protocol RFCOMM Presents a virtual serial port that is designed to make replacement of cable technologies as transparent as possible. Hence RFCOMM enables the replacement of serial port cables with the minimum of modification of existing devices. Telephony control protocol Telephony control specification – binary (TCS BIN) That defines the call control signaling for the establishment of speech and data calls between Bluetooth devices. In addition, it defines mobility management procedures for handling groups of Bluetooth TCS devices.
- 7. Adopted protocols defined in specifications issued by other standards making organizations and incorporated in to the overall Bluetooth architecture. The Bluetooth strategy is to invent only necessary protocols and use existing standards whenever possible. PPP The point to point protocol is an internet standard protocol for transporting IP datagrams over a point to point link. TCP/UDP/IP These are foundation protocols of the TCP/IP protocol suite. OBEX OBEX provides functionality similar to that of HTTP, but in simpler fashion. WAE/WAP Bluetooth incorporates the wireless application environment and the wireless application protocol into its architecture.
- 8. Usage Models File transfer Internet bridge LAN access Synchronization Three-in-one phone Headset
- 9. Piconets and Scatternets Piconet Basic unit of Bluetooth networking Master and one to seven slave devices Master determines channel and phase Scatternet Device in one piconet may exist as master or slave in another piconet Allows many devices to share same area Makes efficient use of bandwidth