Writing Stored Procedures in Oracle RDBMS
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This document discusses writing Java stored procedures with Oracle RDBMS. It covers the differences between PL/SQL and Java stored procedures, how to write Java stored procedures, manage them, and new features in Oracle Database 12c. Key points include: Java procedures use a JVM inside Oracle RDBMS, writing procedures involves loading Java classes and mapping methods, and managing procedures includes debugging, monitoring the JVM, and setting compiler options.
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Writing Stored Procedures in Oracle RDBMS
- 1. Writing Java Stored Procedures with Oracle RDBMS Martin Toshev
- 2. Who am I Software consultant (CoffeeCupConsulting) BG JUG board member (http://jug.bg) OpenJDK and Oracle RDBMS enthusiast Twitter: @martin_fmi
- 4. Work in progress …
- 5. Agenda • PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures • Writing Java Stored Procedures • Managing Java Stored Procedures • New features in Oracle Database 12c
- 6. PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures
- 7. PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures • Both PL/SQL and Java stored procedures are executed directly on the RDBMS • Both PL/SQL and Java stored procedures can be recompiled dynamically when source code changes • Easier migration of Java stored procedures to/from the application tier
- 8. PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures • The PL/SQL Virtual Machine (PVM) is the database component that executes the PL/SQL bytecode (lower lever representation of the PL/SQL code that is generated from the PL/SQL compiler) • PVM is written in C
- 9. PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures • Java procedures are executed from a JVM (Java Virtual Machine) process running inside the Oracle RDBMS: Oracle DB Oracle RDBMS PL/SQL JVM Java method
- 10. PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures • Since the Oracle JVM is embedded in the database this introduces a number of new concepts: – Oracle JVM process that runs within an Oracle database session – classloader that loads classes from the database – no notion of main() method – loading of system classes from the SYS schema (where they are stored)
- 11. PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures • Since the Oracle JVM is embedded in the database this introduces a number of new concepts: – oracle.aurora.rdbms.DbmsJava.classForNameAndSchema() for loading a class from a database schema – The Oracle JVM uses the database memory structures to store data – The garbage collector makes use of the call and session memory on a per-user basis
- 12. PL/SQL vs Java Stored Procedures • Since the Oracle JVM is embedded in the database this introduces a number of new concepts: – no support for JNI – server-side JDBC driver providing access to Oracle data (using the "jdbc:default:connection:“ connection URL) – server-side SQLJ translator – allows embedding of SQL statements in Java stored procedures
- 13. Writing Java Stored Procedures
- 14. Writing Java Stored Procedures • In order to create a Java stored procedure: o write the Java class that contains the Java procedure(s) (static method(s) in the class) o load the compiled Java procedure in the Oracle database using the loadjava utility or the CREATE JAVA command o map a PL/SQL function/procedure to the Java procedure using the CREATE FUNCTION/PROCEDURE command
- 15. Writing Java Stored Procedures • The loadjava utility uses the CREATE JAVA {SOURCE | CLASS | RESOURCE} command to load source/class/resource files
- 16. Writing Java Stored Procedures • Example: loading the Sample.java source file using the orcl user: • Example: loading the Sample.java source file using the orcl user and compiling it: loadjava -u orcl Sample.java loadjava -u orcl –resolve Sample.java
- 17. Writing Java Stored Procedures • Map the Java static function func() from the Sample class: CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION func RETURN VARCHAR2 AS LANGUAGE JAVA NAME ‘Sample.func() return java.lang.String';
- 18. Writing Java Stored Procedures • Invoke the func function: VARIABLE result VARCHAR2(20); CALL func() INTO :result PRINT result;
- 19. Writing Java Stored Procedures • You can provide privileges for other users to invoke your class(es) using the loadjava utility or the GRANT command: loadjava -grant usr –u orcl Sample.java GRANT EXECUTE ON Sample TO usr;
- 20. Writing Java Stored Procedures demo
- 21. Managing Java Stored Procedures
- 22. Managing Java Stored Procedures • USER_OBJECTS table (OBJECT_TYPE columns is any of JAVA SOURCE, JAVA CLASS or JAVA RESOURCE in a valid/invalid state)
- 23. Managing Java Stored Procedures • JMX can be used to monitor the Oracle JVM • The current user must be granted the JMXSERVER role • The dbms_java.start_jmx_agent can be used to start the JMX server for the session
- 24. Managing Java Stored Procedures • Java stored procedures can be debugged be debugged by a JWDP-compliant debugger • Such as a debugger is provided by jdb and the JDeveloper IDE exec DBMS_DEBUG_JDWP.CONNECT_TCP('localhost', 6666);
- 25. Managing Java Stored Procedures • Compiler options can be specified: – in the JAVA$OPTIONS table – via the loadjava utility – via the DBMS_JAVA package (that creates/modifies the JAVA$OPTIONS table)
- 26. Managing Java Stored Procedures demo
- 27. New Features in Oracle Database 12c
- 28. New features in Oracle Database 12c • Support for multiple JDK versions (JDK 6 by default but JDK 7 or earlier can be specified) • Considering multitenant databases introduced in 12c: PDBs (pluggable databases) share the same JDK version specified over the CDB (container database)
- 29. New features in Oracle Database 12c • Native Oracle JVM support for JNDI • Customizing the default java.security resource
- 30. New features in Oracle Database 12c • Enhanced support for logging properties lookup • Secure use of Runtime.exec • Improved debugging support for Java Stored Procedures (watchpoints/breakpoints)
- 31. Thank you ! Q&A
Editor's Notes
- #11: The Java process runs within an Oracle database session – this is similar to how a JVM runs in a standalone OS process server-side JDBC driver is tightly integrated with the Oracle database in order to provide fast access to Oracle data - The SQLJ translator translates Java code with SQL and creates the proper Java code that executes the statements out of those SQL statements (using the server side JDBC translator)
- #12: The call memory is further divided into an old and new space
- #13: The Java process runs within an Oracle database session – this is similar to how a JVM runs in a standalone OS process server-side JDBC driver is tightly integrated with the Oracle database in order to provide fast access to Oracle data - The SQLJ translator translates Java code with SQL and creates the proper Java code that executes the statements out of those SQL statements (using the server side JDBC translator)
- #16: You can also specify a different schema (e.g. SAMPLE) using the –schema parameter. For example: loadjava -u orcl -schema SAMPPLE Sample.java
- #17: You can also specify a different schema (e.g. SAMPLE) using the –schema parameter. For example: loadjava -u orcl -schema SAMPPLE Sample.java
- #18: You can also specify a different schema (e.g. SAMPLE) using the –schema parameter. For example: loadjava -u orcl -schema SAMPPLE Sample.java
- #19: You can also specify a different schema (e.g. SAMPLE) using the –schema parameter. For example: loadjava -u orcl -schema SAMPPLE Sample.java
- #20: You can also specify a different schema (e.g. SAMPLE) using the –schema parameter. For example: loadjava -u orcl -schema SAMPPLE Sample.java
- #25: There are some prerequisites for enabling debugging for a user – the user must be granted the DEBUG ANY PROCEDURE and DEBUG CONNECT SESSION priviliges and assigned to an ACL: begin sys.DBMS_NETWORK_ACL_ADMIN.APPEND_HOST_ACE( host => 'localhost', ace => xs$ace_type(privilege_list => xs$name_list('jdwp'), principal_name => 'c##demo', principal_type => xs_acl.ptype_db)); end; 2) When attaching to an Eclipse IDE debugger the current session crashes
- #26: There are some prerequisites for enabling debugging for a user – the user must be granted the DEBUG ANY PROCEDURE and DEBUG CONNECT SESSION priviliges and assigned to an ACL: begin sys.DBMS_NETWORK_ACL_ADMIN.APPEND_HOST_ACE( host => 'localhost', ace => xs$ace_type(privilege_list => xs$name_list('jdwp'), principal_name => 'c##demo', principal_type => xs_acl.ptype_db)); end; 2) When attaching to an Eclipse IDE debugger the current session crashes 3) Many people just use plain System.out.println() statements …