2. INTRODUCTION TO
GOAL 2: ZERO
HUNGER
• Seeks to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition,
and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030.
• Hunger affects approximately 735 million people globally
(9.2% of the world's population).
• Malnutrition leads to stunted growth, weakened immune
systems, impaired cognitive development, and increased
mortality.
• Hunger has long-term impacts on national development and
economic growth.
3. Nearly 45 million children
under the age of five suffer
from wasting.
Every day, hunger claims
more lives than AIDS, malaria,
and tuberculosis combined.
Africa is one of the most
affected area in the World.
4. INEQUALITY
Marginalized
communities,
women,
indigenous
peoples, and rural
populations have
less access to land,
resources, and
markets.
CAUSES LEADING TO WORLD HUNGER
POVERTY
The primary
driver of hunger;
people lack the
purchasing power
to secure
sufficient,
nutritious food.
CLIMATE
CHANGE
Increasing
frequency of
droughts, floods,
and storms
devastates crops
and livestock,
destabilizing food
systems.
5. HEALTH CRISIS
Pandemics and
widespread
disease outbreaks
weaken food
systems, reduce
workforce
availability, and
limit food access.
CAUSES LEADING TO WORLD HUNGER
ECONOMIC
INSTABILITY
Inflation,
unemployment,
and recessions
sharply reduce
household
purchasing power
and access to
food.
POOR
INFRASTRUCTURE
Insufficient
transport systems,
storage facilities,
and market access,
especially in rural
areas, hinder
efficient food
distribution.
6. ROLE OF
AGRICULTURE
Agriculture is the
backbone of
global food
systems and a
lifeline for about
80% of the
world's poor.
Innovative practices
like vertical
farming,
hydroponics, and
regenerative
agriculture can
transform
traditional farming.
Diversifying crops
enhances dietary
diversity, improves
nutrition, and
builds resilience
against pests,
diseases, and
climate shocks.
Empowering women
in agriculture can
significantly increase
yields and reduce
hunger, as women
often reinvest more
into family nutrition
and education.
8. SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURE TO
REMOVE HUNGER
• Increases Food Production: Sustainable practices enhance soil health, water use, and crop
yields, ensuring stable food supplies.
• Makes Food Systems Resilient: Techniques like crop rotation, agroforestry, and organic
farming build resilience against climate shocks.
• Boosts Farmers' Incomes: Sustainable farming opens markets for organic and fair-trade
products, reducing rural poverty.
• Protects Resources for Future Generations: Conserving soil, water, and biodiversity ensures
long-term food security.
• Empowers Communities: Training farmers, especially women and youth, strengthens local
food systems and reduces reliance on imports. (Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
(2023). Sustainable Agriculture and Ending Hunger)
9. CHALLENGES IN
AGRICULTURE
• Exposure to climate extremes (drought, floods, hurricanes).
• Lack of access to credit, technology, modern farming equipment, and land
ownership.
• Land degradation, deforestation, and loss of biodiversity.
• Limited extension services to train farmers in modern techniques.
• you Inadequate government support and low profitability deter youth
from agricultural careers. ( Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).
(2021). Challenges and opportunities in agriculture)
10. IMPACT OF
POLLUTION
SOIL POLLUTION
Toxic substances such as
heavy metals, pesticides,
and industrial waste
reduce soil fertility,
contaminating crops and
diminishing food quantity
and quality.
WATER POLLUTION
Unsafe irrigation water
polluted by industrial
runoff and human waste
harms crops and
livestock health, resulting
in unsafe food.
AIR POLLUTION
Airborne pollutants like
ozone reduce crop yields
by damaging plant
tissues and limiting
photosynthesis.
Pollution
disproportionately affects
smallholder farmers who
have limited adaptive
capacity and fewer
resources to mitigate
damages.
11. SOLUTION:
POLICIES &
INNOVATIONS
• Government subsidies and insurance schemes for smallholder farmers to buffer
against shocks.
• Investments in agricultural R&D (e.g., developing drought-tolerant, pest-resistant,
and high-yield crops).
• Promotion of local food systems and shorter supply chains to reduce loss and
ensure freshness.
• Strengthening agricultural extension services to build farmer capacity and
knowledge.
• International trade policies that promote fair and equitable food access. (Food and
Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2022).
12. SOLUTION:
INTERNATIONAL
EFFORTS
• World Food Programme (WFP): Emergency food assistance, nutrition improvement initiatives, and
school meal programs.
• FAO: Supporting countries to develop sustainable agriculture policies and practices.
• USAID Global Food Security Strategy: Focused on inclusive agricultural-led growth and resilience.
• UNICEF: Targeted interventions for maternal and child nutrition, promoting breastfeeding, and
micronutrient supplementation.
• Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP): Funding for agricultural development projects
in low-income countries. (Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP). (2023).
GAFSP Projects and Initiatives)
14. • Bangladesh has made significant progress in food security through:
⚬ Expanding irrigation and flood control infrastructure.
⚬ Promoting high-yield and saline-tolerant rice varieties.
⚬ Implementing social safety nets like food-for-work and cash transfer programs.
⚬ Enhancing women's access to agricultural training, financial services, and land
rights.
• Hunger prevalence decreased from 34% in 2000 to 15% in 2020.
• Bangladesh serves as a model for climate-resilient agriculture and integrated food
security planning. (Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2021).
Bangladesh's Progress in Food Security)
CASE STUDY:
BANGLADESH
15. • Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2023). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World.
• United Nations. (2023). Sustainable Development Goal 2: Zero Hunger.
• World Food Programme (WFP). (2023). Zero Hunger: Why it Matters.
• USAID. (2023). Global Food Security Strategy.
• UNICEF. (2023). Nutrition and Food Security.
• Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP). (2023). Official Website.
• International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD). (2023). IFAD Website.
REFERENCES
