Java Notes
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This document contains lecture notes on Java programming divided into 6 units. Unit 1 provides an overview of Java and covers data types, variables, arrays, operators, control statements and classes. It also discusses I/O operations like reading console input/output and files. Unit 2 covers string handling and the StringBuffer class. Unit 3 discusses packages, interfaces and exception handling. Unit 4 focuses on multithreading concepts. Unit 5 covers applets, event handling and the Abstract Window Toolkit. Unit 6 introduces Swing and JDBC. The document also includes examples of Java programs and lists lab experiments and reference books.
![Books
TEXT BOOKS:
◦ Herbert Schildt [2008], [5th Edition], The
Complete Reference Java2, TATA
McGraw-Hill.(1,2,3,4,5,6 Units).
REFERENCE BOOKS:
◦ Bruce Eckel [2008], [2nd Edition],
Thinking in Java, Pearson Education.
◦ H.M Dietel and P.J Dietel [2008], [6th
Edition], Java How to Program, Pearson
Ed.
◦ E. Balagurusamy, Programming with
Java: A primer, III Edition, Tata McGraw-
Hill, 2007.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-8-320.jpg)
![Java Program: Example 1
public class firstex
{
public static void main(String []args)
{
System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE
4A");
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-11-320.jpg)
![Dissection of Java Program
public : It is an Access Modifier, which
defines who can access this method.
Public means that this method will be
accessible to any class(If other class
can access this class.).
Access Modifier :
◦ default
◦ private
◦ public
◦ protected
public class firstex
{
public static void main(String []args)
{
System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE
4A");
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-12-320.jpg)
![ class - A class can be defined as a
template/blue print that describes the
behaviors/states that object of its type
support.
static : Keyword which identifies the
class related this. It means that the
main() can be accessed without
creating the instance of Class.
public class firstex
{
public static void main(String []args)
{
System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE
4A");
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-13-320.jpg)
![ void: is a return type, here it does not
return any value.
main: Name of the method. This
method name is searched by JVM as
starting point for an application.
string args[ ]: The parameter is a
String array by name args. The string
array is used to access command-line
arguments. public class firstex
{
public static void main(String []args)
{
System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A");
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-14-320.jpg)
![ System:
◦ system class provides facilities such as
standard input, output and error streams.
out:
◦ out is an object of PrintStream class defined
in System class
println(“ “);
◦ println() is a method of PrintStream class
public class firstex
{
public static void main (String [ ] args)
{
System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A");
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-15-320.jpg)
![Possible
Errors
public class firstex
class Class
public class firstex
firstex
myex
{
public static void main (String [ ]
args)
public
private
{
public static void main (String [ ]
args)
static
{
public static void main (String [ ]
args)
{
system.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE
4A");
}
}
system
System
out Out
println
Println](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-16-320.jpg)
![Accept two numbers and display
sumimport java.io.*;
public class ex3
{
public static void main(String ar[ ])throws IOException {
InputStreamReader isr=new
InputStreamReader(System.in);
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
System.out.println("Enter first value");
String s1=br.readLine();
System.out.println("Enter Second value");
String s2=br.readLine();
int a=Integer.parseInt(s1);
int b=Integer.parseInt(s2);
System.out.println("Addition = "+(a+b));
}
}
The Java.io.InputStreamReader class is a bridge from byte
streams to character streams.It reads bytes and decodes
them into characters using a specified charset.
The Java.io.BufferedReader class reads text from a
character-input stream, buffering characters so as to provide
for the efficient reading of characters, arrays, and lines.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-18-320.jpg)
![Using Scanner Class
import java.util.*;
public class ex4 {
public static void main(String ar[]) {
Scanner scan=new
Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter first value");
int a=scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Enter Second
value");
int b=scan.nextInt();
System.out.println("Addition =
"+(a+b));
}
}
The java.util.Scanner class is a simple text scanner which
can parse primitive types and strings using regular
expressions.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-19-320.jpg)
![Using Console
import java.io.*;
class consoleex
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Console c=System.console();
System.out.println("Enter your name: ");
String n=c.readLine();
System.out.println("Enter password: ");
char[ ] ch=c.readPassword();
String pass=String.valueOf(ch);//converting char array into string
System.out.println(“Hai Mr. "+n);
System.out.println(“Ur Password is: "+pass);
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-20-320.jpg)
![Using BufferedReader class
import java.io.*;
class ex2 {
public static void main(String[ ] args) {
BufferedReader in =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
String name = “ “;
System.out.print(“Enter your name: ");
try {
name = in.readLine();
}
catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println("Caught an exception!");
}
System.out.println("Hello " + name + "!");
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-21-320.jpg)
![Outline of the Program
class Student
{
// Variable declarations
void readinput() throws IOException
{
// Use BufferedReader class to accept input from keyboard
}
void display()
{
}
}
class Mark
{
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException
{
// body of main method
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-57-320.jpg)
![import java.io.*;
class Student
{
int regno,total;
String name;
int mark[ ]=new int[3];
void readinput() throws IOException
{
BufferedReader din=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.print("nEnter the Reg.No: ");
regno=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine());
System.out.print("Enter the Name: ");
name=din.readLine();
System.out.print("Enter the Mark1: ");
mark[0]=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine());
System.out.print("Enter the Mark2: ");
mark[1]=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine());
System.out.print("Enter the Mark3: ");
mark[2]=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine());
total=mark[0]+mark[1]+mark[2];
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-58-320.jpg)
![void display()
{
System.out.println(regno+"t"+name+"tt"+mark[0]+"t"+mark[1]+"t"+mark[2]+"t"+total);
}
}
class Mark
{
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException
{
int size;
BufferedReader din=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.print("Enter the no. of students: ");
size=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine());
Student s[]=new Student[size];
for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
{
s[i]=new Student();
s[i].readinput();
}
System.out.println("tttMark List");
System.out.println("ttt*********");
System.out.println("RegNotNamettMark1tMark2tMark3tTotal");
for(int i=0;i<size;i++)
s[i].display();
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-59-320.jpg)
![public static void main(String args[])
{
ComplexNumber com1 = new
ComplexNumber(2,4);
ComplexNumber com2 = new
ComplexNumber(6,8);
System.out.println(com1.getComplexValue());
System.out.println(com2.getComplexValue());
System.out.println("Addition of both Complex
Numbers are
:"+ComplexNumber.addition(com1,com2));
System.out.println("Substraction of both Complex
Numbers are
:"+ComplexNumber.substraction(com1,com2));
System.out.println("Multiplication of both Complex
Numbers are
:"+ComplexNumber.multiplication(com1,com2));
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/mainnotesjp2015slideshare-151220055337/85/Java-Notes-66-320.jpg)
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Java Notes
- 1. Java Programming (JP) Lecture Notes
- 2. Unit 1 Introduction: ◦ Over view of java, Java Buzzwords ◦ Data types, Variables and arrays, Operators Control statements, Classes and objects. I/O: I/O Basics, Reading Console input, writing Console output, Reading and Writing Files. Inheritance: Basic concepts, uses super, method overriding, dynamic method dispatch, Abstract class, using final, the object class.
- 3. Unit 2 String Handling: ◦ String Constructors, Special String Operations-String Literals, String Concatenation, Character Extraction, String Comparisons. Searching Strings, Modifying a string. String Buffer: ◦ String Buffer Constructors, length(), capacity(), set Length(),Character Extraction methods, append(),insert(),reverse(),delete(),replace(
- 4. Unit 3 Packages and Interfaces: Packages, Access protection, Importing packages, Interfaces. Exception Handling: ◦ Fundamentals, Types of Exception, ◦ Usage of try, catch, throw throws ◦ finally, built in Exceptions.
- 5. Unit 4 Multithreading: ◦ Concepts of multithreading, Main thread, creating thread and multiple threads, Using isAlive() and join( ), Thread Priorities, synchronization, Interthread communication.
- 6. Unit 5 Applets: ◦ Applet basics and Applet class. Event Handling: ◦ Basic concepts, Event classes, Sources of events, Event listener Interfaces, Handling mouse and keyboard events, Adapter classes. Abstract Window Toolkit (AWT) ◦ AWT classes, AWT Controls.
- 7. Unit 6 Java Swings & JDBC: ◦ Introduction to Swing: JApplet, TextFields, Buttons, Combo Boxes, Tabbed Panes. JDBC: Introduction to JDBC
- 8. Books TEXT BOOKS: ◦ Herbert Schildt [2008], [5th Edition], The Complete Reference Java2, TATA McGraw-Hill.(1,2,3,4,5,6 Units). REFERENCE BOOKS: ◦ Bruce Eckel [2008], [2nd Edition], Thinking in Java, Pearson Education. ◦ H.M Dietel and P.J Dietel [2008], [6th Edition], Java How to Program, Pearson Ed. ◦ E. Balagurusamy, Programming with Java: A primer, III Edition, Tata McGraw- Hill, 2007.
- 9. List of Lab Experiments 1. Implementing classes and Constructors concepts. 2. Program to implement Inheritance. 3. Program for Operations on Strings. 4. Program to design Packages. 5. Program to implement Interfaces. 6. Program to handle various types of exceptions. 7. Program to create Multithreading by extending Thread class. 8. Program to create Multithreading by implementing Runnable interface. 9. Program for Applets. 10. Program for Mouse Event Handling. 11. Program to implement Key Event Handling 12. Program to implement AWT Controls.
- 10. Java Programming Examples Program to print some text onto output screen. Program to accept values from user
- 11. Java Program: Example 1 public class firstex { public static void main(String []args) { System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A"); } }
- 12. Dissection of Java Program public : It is an Access Modifier, which defines who can access this method. Public means that this method will be accessible to any class(If other class can access this class.). Access Modifier : ◦ default ◦ private ◦ public ◦ protected public class firstex { public static void main(String []args) { System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A"); } }
- 13. class - A class can be defined as a template/blue print that describes the behaviors/states that object of its type support. static : Keyword which identifies the class related this. It means that the main() can be accessed without creating the instance of Class. public class firstex { public static void main(String []args) { System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A"); } }
- 14. void: is a return type, here it does not return any value. main: Name of the method. This method name is searched by JVM as starting point for an application. string args[ ]: The parameter is a String array by name args. The string array is used to access command-line arguments. public class firstex { public static void main(String []args) { System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A"); } }
- 15. System: ◦ system class provides facilities such as standard input, output and error streams. out: ◦ out is an object of PrintStream class defined in System class println(“ “); ◦ println() is a method of PrintStream class public class firstex { public static void main (String [ ] args) { System.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A"); } }
- 16. Possible Errors public class firstex class Class public class firstex firstex myex { public static void main (String [ ] args) public private { public static void main (String [ ] args) static { public static void main (String [ ] args) { system.out.println(“Java welcomes CSE 4A"); } } system System out Out println Println
- 17. Program to take input from user Ways to accept input from user: ◦ Using InputStreamReader class ◦ Using Scanner class ◦ Using BufferedReader class ◦ Using Console class
- 18. Accept two numbers and display sumimport java.io.*; public class ex3 { public static void main(String ar[ ])throws IOException { InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(System.in); BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr); System.out.println("Enter first value"); String s1=br.readLine(); System.out.println("Enter Second value"); String s2=br.readLine(); int a=Integer.parseInt(s1); int b=Integer.parseInt(s2); System.out.println("Addition = "+(a+b)); } } The Java.io.InputStreamReader class is a bridge from byte streams to character streams.It reads bytes and decodes them into characters using a specified charset. The Java.io.BufferedReader class reads text from a character-input stream, buffering characters so as to provide for the efficient reading of characters, arrays, and lines.
- 19. Using Scanner Class import java.util.*; public class ex4 { public static void main(String ar[]) { Scanner scan=new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter first value"); int a=scan.nextInt(); System.out.println("Enter Second value"); int b=scan.nextInt(); System.out.println("Addition = "+(a+b)); } } The java.util.Scanner class is a simple text scanner which can parse primitive types and strings using regular expressions.
- 20. Using Console import java.io.*; class consoleex { public static void main(String args[]) { Console c=System.console(); System.out.println("Enter your name: "); String n=c.readLine(); System.out.println("Enter password: "); char[ ] ch=c.readPassword(); String pass=String.valueOf(ch);//converting char array into string System.out.println(“Hai Mr. "+n); System.out.println(“Ur Password is: "+pass); } }
- 21. Using BufferedReader class import java.io.*; class ex2 { public static void main(String[ ] args) { BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); String name = “ “; System.out.print(“Enter your name: "); try { name = in.readLine(); } catch(Exception e) { System.out.println("Caught an exception!"); } System.out.println("Hello " + name + "!"); } }
- 22. Unit 1 Overview of Java
- 23. Programming Languages: Machine Language Assembly Language High level Language
- 24. Machine language: • It is the lowest-level programming language. • Machine languages are the only languages understood by computers. For example, to add two numbers, you might write an instruction in binary like this: 1101101010011010
- 25. Assembly Language It implements a symbolic representation of the numeric machine codes and other constants needed to program a particular CPU architecture. Assembly Program to add two numbers: name "add" mov al, 5 ; bin=00000101b mov bl, 10 ; hex=0ah or bin=00001010b add bl, al ; 5 + 10 = 15 (decimal) or hex=0fh or bin=00001111b MASM TASM
- 26. … ADDF3 R1, R2, R3 … Assembly Source File Assembler … 1101101010011010 … Machine Code File
- 28. Compiler A compiler translates the entire source code into a machine-code file … area = 5 * 5 * 3.1415; ... High-level Source File Compiler Executor Output… 0101100011011100 1111100011000100 … ... Machine-code File
- 29. Interpreter An interpreter reads one statement from the source code, translates it to the machine code or virtual machine code, and then executes it. … area = 5 * 5 * 3.1415; ... High-level Source File Interpreter Output
- 30. What is Java Java is a computer programming language that is concurrent, object-oriented. It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere" (WORA), meaning that code that runs on one platform does not need to be recompiled to run on another. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode (class file) that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture. Java is a general purpose programming language. Java is the Internet programming language.
- 31. Where is Java used?
- 32. Usage of Java in Applets : Example
- 33. Usage of Java in Mobile Phones and PDA
- 34. Usage of Java in Self Test Websites
- 36. Prerequisites to be known for Java How to check whether java is present in the system or not. How to install java in your machine. How to set path for java Check whether java is installed correctly or not. What is JVM
- 37. Introduction to Java “B” led to “C”, “C” evolved into “C++” and “C++ set the stage for Java. Java is a high level language like C, C++ and Visual Basic. Java is a programming language originally developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems (which has since merged into Oracle Corporation) and released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. 20 December 2015 C Sreedhar Java Programming Lecture Notes 2015 – 2016 IV Semester 37
- 38. Java was conceived by ◦ James Gosling, ◦ Patrick Naughton, ◦ Chris Warth, ◦ Ed Frank and ◦ Mike Sheridan at Sun Microsystems, Inc in 1991. It took 18 months to develop the first working version. Initially called “Oak”,a tree; “Green”; renamed as “Java”, cofee in 1995. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++. 20 December 2015 38
- 39. Motivation and Objective of Java: “Need for a platform-independent (architecture- neutral) language. Java applications are typically compiled to bytecode (class file) that can run on any Java virtual machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture. Java was originally designed for interactive television, but it was too advanced for the digital cable television industry at the time. To create a software which can be embedded in various consumer electronic 20 December 2015 39
- 40. Bytecode The output of Java compiler is NOT executable code, rather it is called as bytecode. Bytecode is a highly optimized set of instructions designed to be executed by the Java run-time system, called as Java Virtual Machine (JVM). JVM is an interpreter for bytecode. 20 December 2015 40
- 42. 20 December 2015 42
- 43. Characteristics of Java / Buzzwords Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture-Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 43
- 44. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 44 Java is partially modeled on C++, but greatly simplified and improved. Some people refer to Java as "C++--" because it is like C++ but with more functionality and fewer negative aspects.
- 45. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 45 Java is inherently object-oriented. Although many object-oriented languages began strictly as procedural languages, Java was designed from the start to be object-oriented. Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a popular programming approach that is replacing traditional procedural programming techniques. One of the central issues in software development is how to reuse code. Object-oriented programming provides great flexibility, modularity, clarity, and reusability through encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
- 46. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 46 Distributed computing involves several computers working together on a network. Java is designed to make distributed computing easy. Since networking capability is inherently integrated into Java, writing network programs is like sending and receiving data to and from a file.
- 47. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 47 You need an interpreter to run Java programs. The programs are compiled into the Java Virtual Machine code called bytecode. The bytecode is machine-independent and can run on any machine that has a Java interpreter, which is part of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM).
- 48. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 48 Java compilers can detect many problems that would first show up at execution time in other languages. Java has eliminated certain types of error-prone programming constructs found in other languages. Java has a runtime exception- handling feature to provide programming support for robustness.
- 49. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 49 Java implements several security mechanisms to protect your system against harm caused by stray programs.
- 50. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 50 Write once, run anywhere With a Java Virtual Machine (JVM), you can write one program that will run on any platform.
- 51. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 51 Because Java is architecture neutral, Java programs are portable. They can be run on any platform without being recompiled.
- 52. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 52 Java’s performance Because Java is architecture neutral, Java programs are portable. They can be run on any platform without being recompiled.
- 53. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 53 Multithread programming is smoothly integrated in Java, whereas in other languages you have to call procedures specific to the operating system to enable multithreading.
- 54. Characteristics of Java Java Is Simple Java Is Object-Oriented Java Is Distributed Java Is Interpreted Java Is Robust Java Is Secure Java Is Architecture- Neutral Java Is Portable Java's Performance Java Is Multithreaded Java Is Dynamic 20 December 2015 54 Java was designed to adapt to an evolving environment. New code can be loaded on the fly without recompilation. There is no need for developers to create, and for users to install, major new software versions. New features can be incorporated transparently as needed.
- 55. Lab Program write a java program to display total marks of 5 students using student class. Given the following attributes: Regno(int), Name(string), Marks in subjects(Integer Array), Total (int).
- 56. Expected Output Enter the no. of students: 2 Enter the Reg.No: 1234 Enter the Name: name Enter the Mark1: 88 Enter the Mark2: 99 Enter the Mark3: 89 Enter the Reg.No: 432 Enter the Name: name Enter the Mark1: 67 Enter the Mark2: 68 Enter the Mark3: 98 Mark List ********* RegNo Name Mark1 Mark2 Mark3 Total 1234 name 88 99 89 276 432 name 67 68 98 233
- 57. Outline of the Program class Student { // Variable declarations void readinput() throws IOException { // Use BufferedReader class to accept input from keyboard } void display() { } } class Mark { public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { // body of main method } }
- 58. import java.io.*; class Student { int regno,total; String name; int mark[ ]=new int[3]; void readinput() throws IOException { BufferedReader din=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.print("nEnter the Reg.No: "); regno=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine()); System.out.print("Enter the Name: "); name=din.readLine(); System.out.print("Enter the Mark1: "); mark[0]=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine()); System.out.print("Enter the Mark2: "); mark[1]=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine()); System.out.print("Enter the Mark3: "); mark[2]=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine()); total=mark[0]+mark[1]+mark[2]; }
- 59. void display() { System.out.println(regno+"t"+name+"tt"+mark[0]+"t"+mark[1]+"t"+mark[2]+"t"+total); } } class Mark { public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException { int size; BufferedReader din=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in)); System.out.print("Enter the no. of students: "); size=Integer.parseInt(din.readLine()); Student s[]=new Student[size]; for(int i=0;i<size;i++) { s[i]=new Student(); s[i].readinput(); } System.out.println("tttMark List"); System.out.println("ttt*********"); System.out.println("RegNotNamettMark1tMark2tMark3tTotal"); for(int i=0;i<size;i++) s[i].display(); } }
- 60. Lab Program: Complex number Arithmetic public class ComplexNumber { // declare variables Default Constructor definition { } Parameterized constructor definition { } Use method getComplexValue() to display in complex number form { }
- 61. public static String addition(ComplexNumber num1, ComplexNumber num2) { // Code for complex number addition } public static String subtraction(ComplexNumber num1, ComplexNumber num2) { // Code for complex number subtraction } public static String multiplication(ComplexNumber num1, ComplexNumber num2) { // Code for complex number multiplication } public static String multiplication(ComplexNumber num1, ComplexNumber num2) { // create objects and call to parameterized constructors // call to respective methods }
- 62. Lab Program: Complex number Arithmeticimport java.io.*; public class ComplexNumber { private int a; private int b; public ComplexNumber() { } public ComplexNumber(int a, int b) { this.a =a; this.b=b; } public String getComplexValue() { if(this.b < 0) { return a+""+b+"i"; } else { return a+"+"+b+"i"; } }
- 63. public static String addition(ComplexNumber num1, ComplexNumber num2) { int a1= num1.a+num2.a; int b1= num1.b+num2.b; if(b1<0) { return a1+""+b1+"i"; } else { return a1+"+"+b1+"i"; } }
- 64. public static String substraction(ComplexNumber num1, ComplexNumber num2) { int a1= num1.a-num2.a; int b1= num1.b-num2.b; if(b1<0){ return a1+""+b1+"i"; } else { return a1+"+"+b1+"i"; } }
- 65. public static String multiplication(ComplexNumber num1, ComplexNumber num2) { int a1= num1.a*num2.a; int b1= num1.b*num2.b; int vi1 = num1.a * num2.b; int vi2 = num2.a * num1.b; int vi; vi=vi1+vi2; if(vi<0) { return a1-b1+""+vi+"i"; } else { return a1-b1+"+"+vi+"i"; } }
- 66. public static void main(String args[]) { ComplexNumber com1 = new ComplexNumber(2,4); ComplexNumber com2 = new ComplexNumber(6,8); System.out.println(com1.getComplexValue()); System.out.println(com2.getComplexValue()); System.out.println("Addition of both Complex Numbers are :"+ComplexNumber.addition(com1,com2)); System.out.println("Substraction of both Complex Numbers are :"+ComplexNumber.substraction(com1,com2)); System.out.println("Multiplication of both Complex Numbers are :"+ComplexNumber.multiplication(com1,com2)); } }