Catch Multiple Java Exceptions in Single Catch Block

An exception is an issue (run time error) occurred during the execution of a program. When an exception occurred the program gets terminated abruptly and, the code past the line that generated the exception never gets executed.

Multiple exceptions in a code

Before Java 7 whenever we have a code that may generate more than one exception and if you need to handle the specifically you should use multiple catch blocks on a single try.

Example

The following Java program contains an array of numbers (which is displayed). from user it accepts two positions from this array and, divides the number in first position with the number in second position.

While entering values −

• If you choose a position which is not in the displayed array an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException is thrown

• If you choose 0 as denominator and ArithmeticException is thrown.

In this program we have handled all the possible exceptions using two different catch blocks.

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class MultipleCatchBlocks {
   public static void main(String [] args) {
      Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
      int[] arr = {10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8};
      System.out.println("Enter 3 integer values one by one: ");
      System.out.println("Array: "+Arrays.toString(arr));
      System.out.println("Choose numerator and denominator (not 0) from this array
      (enter positions 0 to 5)");
      int a = sc.nextInt();
      int b = sc.nextInt();
      try {
         int result = (arr[a])/(arr[b]);
         System.out.println("Result of "+arr[a]+"/"+arr[b]+": "+result);
      }
      catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
         System.out.println("Warning: You have chosen a position which is not in the array");
      }
      catch(ArithmeticException e) {
         System.out.println("Warning: You cannot divide a number with 0");
      }
   }
}

Output1

Enter 3 integer values one by one:
Array: [10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8]
Choose numerator and denominator(not 0) from this array (enter positions 0 to 5)
2
8
Warning: You have chosen a position which is not in the array

Output2

Enter 3 integer values one by one:
Array: [10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8]
Choose numerator and denominator (not 0) from this array (enter positions 0 to 5)
1
4
Warning: You cannot divide a number with 0

Multicatch block

From Java 7 onwards a Multicatch block is introduced using this, you can handle more than one exception within a single catch block.

In this, you need to specify all the exception classes to be handled separated by “ | ” as shown below −

catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException | ArithmeticException exp) {
   System.out.println("Warning: Enter inputs as per instructions ");
}

Example

Following Java program demonstrates the usage of Multicatch. Here we are handling all the exceptions in a single catch block.

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class MultiCatch {
   public static void main(String [] args) {
      Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
      int[] arr = {10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8};
      System.out.println("Enter 3 integer values one by one: ");
      System.out.println("Array: "+Arrays.toString(arr));
      System.out.println("Choose numerator and denominator(not 0) from this array,
      (enter positions 0 to 5)");
      int a = sc.nextInt();
      int b = sc.nextInt();
      try {
         int result = (arr[a])/(arr[b]);
         System.out.println("Result of "+arr[a]+"/"+arr[b]+": "+result);
      }
      catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException | ArithmeticException exp) {
         System.out.println("Warning: Enter inputs as per instructions ");
      }
   }
}

Output1

Enter 3 integer values one by one:
Array: [10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8]
Choose numerator and denominator(not 0) from this array, (enter positions 0 to 5)
0
9
Warning: Enter inputs as per instructions

Output2

Enter 3 integer values one by one:
Array: [10, 20, 30, 2, 0, 8]
Choose numerator and denominator(not 0) from this array, (enter positions 0 to 5)
2
4
Warning: Enter inputs as per instructions