Question No.

1:- In a typical 4hr storm producing 50mm of excess rain from a basin, the following flows in the
stream are recorded.
1. Plot the unit hydrograph of runoff for this storm.
2. Estimate, as accurately as possible, the peak flow and time of its occurrence , in a flood created by 8hr
storm, which produces 2.5cm of effective rainfall during 1hr & 3.75cm of effective rainfall the second 4hrs .

Time In
0 2 4 6 8 12 16 20
Hrs

Flow 0 1.22 4.05 6.75 5.67 3.375 1.35 0

Solution:-
Time Ordinates Ordinates Ordinates Of 1st Ordinates Of 2nd Total 8hr
In Hr. Of Storm Of Unit 4hr Hydrograph 4hr Hydrograph Hydrograph

Hydrograph Producing 2.5cm Producing 3.75cm Ordinates In

Of 5cm Hydrograph Rain Rain Cumecs
Of 1cm

0 0 0 0 0
2 1.22 0.244 0.61 0.61
4 4.05 0.81 2.025 0 2.025
6 6.75 1 2.5 0.9 3.4
8 5.67 1.134 2.835 3.03 5.865
10 0 2.26 5.06 7.32
12 3.375 2 1.69 4.31 6
16 1.35 0.27 0.67 2.55 3.22
20 0 0 0 1.01 1.01
24 0 0 0 0 0

8
7
6
Flow in Cumec

5
4
3
2
1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 24
Duration (Hr)
Question No 2:- The ordinates of 3hr unit hydrograph are given below.
Find the ordinates of a 6hr unit hydrograph for the same basin, analytically. Also sketch this
unit hydrograph. What is the value of discharge in this unit hydrograph?

Time In Hrs. 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
Ordinates In 0 10 25 20 16 12 9 7 5 3 0
m3/sec
Solution:-

Time 3hr Unit 3hr Unit Ordinates Of 6hr Surface Ordinates Of

In Hydrograph Hydrograph Runoff Hydrograph 6hr Unit
Hrs. Ordinates
Ordinates In Lagged By 3hr in Containing 2cm Of Runoff In Hydrograph In
m3/sec m3/sec m3/sec m3/sec
0 0 0 0
3 10 0 10 5
6 25 10 35 17.5
9 20 25 45 22.5
12 16 20 36 18
15 12 16 28 14
18 9 12 21 10.5
21 7 9 16 8
24 5 7 12 6
27 3 5 8 4
30 0 3 3 1.5
33 0 0 0

25

20
Discharge in cumec

15

10

0
0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33
Duration (Hr)
Question No 3:- Ordinates of 8hr unit hydrograph for a drainage basin are given in the table
below:

Solution:-

Time In
4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36
Hrs.
Ordinates
5.5 13.5 26.5 45 82 162 240 231 165
Of 8hr Uh
Time In
40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72
Hrs.
Ordinates
112 79 57 42 31 22 14 9.5 6.6
Of 8hr Uh
Time In 76
80 84 88
Hrs.
Ordinates
4.0 2.0 1.0 0.0
O 8hr Uh
Solution

Time 1st 8hr 2nd 8hr 3rd 8hr Total 24hr Ordinates Of
In Hr. Unit Unit Unit Hydrograph 24hr
Hydrograph Hydrograph Hydrograph Of 3cm Runoff Unit
Hydrograph
0 0 0 0
4 5.5 5.5 1.833333333
8 13.5 0 13.5 4.5
12 26.5 5.5 32 10.66666667
16 45 13.5 0 58.5 19.5
20 82 26.5 5.5 114 38
24 162 45 13.5 220.5 73.5
28 240 82 26.5 348.5 116.1666667
32 231 162 45 438 146
36 165 240 82 487 162.3333333
40 112 231 162 505 168.3333333
44 79 165 240 484 161.3333333
48 57 112 231 400 133.3333333
52 42 79 165 286 95.33333333
56 31 57 112 200 66.66666667
60 22 42 79 143 47.66666667
64 14 31 57 102 34
68 9.5 22 42 73.5 24.5
72 6.6 14 31 51.6 17.2
76 4 9.5 22 35.5 11.83333333
80 2 6.6 14 22.6 7.533333333
84 1 4 9.5 14.5 4.833333333
88 0 2 6.6 8.6 2.866666667
92 1 4 5 1.666666667
96 0 2 2 0.666666667
100 1 1 0.333333333
104 0 0 0

180
160
140
Discharge (m3/s)

120
100
80
60
40
20
0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 100 104
Duration (Hr)
Question No 4:- Using the 3hr unit hydrograph given below, find the peak flow a resulting
from four successive 3hr periods of rainfall producing 0.35, 0.87, 1.39 & 0.77 cm of runoff
respectively from a basin.

TIME 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
IN
HRS
FLOW 0 16 58 173 337 440 400 285 215 165 122 90 60 35 16 0
IN
M3/
SEC
Solution:-

Time Ordinates Of Ordinates Ordinates Ordinates Ordinates Ordinates Of

in hr. Unit Of 1st Of 2nd Of 3rd Of 4th Total S. R.
Hydrograph Hydrograph Hydrograph Hydrograph
In Cumec Hydrograph In Cumec Hydrograph In Cumec In Cumec
In Cumec In Cumec
0 0 0 0
1 16 5.6 5.6
2 58 20.3 20.3
3 173 60.55 0 60.55
4 337 117.95 13.92 131.87
5 440 154 50.46 204.46
6 400 140 150.51 0 290.51
7 285 99.75 293.19 22.24 415.18
8 215 75.25 382.8 80.62 538.67
9 165 57.75 348 240.47 0 646.22
10 122 42.7 247.95 468.43 12.32 771.4
11 90 31.5 187.05 611.6 44.66 874.81
12 60 21 143.55 556 133.21 853.76
13 35 12.25 106.14 396.15 259.49 774.03
14 16 5.6 78.3 298.85 338.8 721.55
15 0 0 52.2 229.35 308 589.55
16 30.45 169.58 219.45 419.48
17 13.92 125.1 165.55 304.57
18 0 83.4 127.05 210.45
19 48.65 93.94 142.59
20 0 69.3 69.3
21 46.2 46.2
22 26.95 26.95
23 12.32 12.32
24 0 0

Ordinates Of Total S. R. Hydrograph In Cumec

1000
900
800
700
Flow in cumec

600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Duration (hr)
 Outflow Hydrograph for Natural Catchment
More time to peak
Flow

Duration