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2021 PH107 Tutorial08

This document provides tutorial problems on quantum mechanics concepts including particle in a finite box, particle in a symmetric potential well, and particle in a double well potential. It includes 6 problems, some with multiple parts, asking students to derive energy quantization conditions, calculate energies of bound states, sketch wavefunctions, and determine constants. Key concepts covered are the particle in a box model, symmetric and anti-symmetric wavefunctions, quantization of energy levels, and applying the concepts to model defect sites in crystals and double well potentials.

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Bhakti Matsyapal
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38 views

2021 PH107 Tutorial08

This document provides tutorial problems on quantum mechanics concepts including particle in a finite box, particle in a symmetric potential well, and particle in a double well potential. It includes 6 problems, some with multiple parts, asking students to derive energy quantization conditions, calculate energies of bound states, sketch wavefunctions, and determine constants. Key concepts covered are the particle in a box model, symmetric and anti-symmetric wavefunctions, quantization of energy levels, and applying the concepts to model defect sites in crystals and double well potentials.

Uploaded by

Bhakti Matsyapal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PH-107: Introduction to Quantum Mechanics

Tutorial Sheet 8
* marked problems will be solved in the Wednesday tutorial class

Particle in a Finite Box:


1. * Consider the asymmetric finite potential well of width L, with a barrier V1 on one side
and a barrier V2 on the other side. Obtain the energy quantization condition for the bound
states in such a well. From this condition derive the energy quantization conditions for a
semi-infinite potential well (when V1 → ∞ and V2 is finite).

2. Consider a particle of mass ’m’ trapped in a finite square box of length ’a’ with barrier
height equals to V0 . Find the number
q of bound states and the corresponding energies for
2

the finite square well potential if ma2 V0 / 2h̄ = 1 ).

3. An electron is trapped in a 1-dimensional symmetric potential well of height V0 and width


L (Figure A). The energy of electron is E, its wave number inside the well is k, and the
magnitude of the wave number outside the well is α.

1
(a) Derive the energy quantization conditions, in terms of k, α and L, for the symmetric
and anti-symmetric bound states.
(b) When the width of the well is L = 0.2 nm, it is found that the ground state energy
E1 = 4.45eV, and the first excited state energy E2 = 15.88eV. Calculate V0 .
(c) Calculate the penetration depth for the ground state.
(d) If the width of the potential well is doubled to 2 L keeping V0 the same, estimate the
change in the ground state energy.
(e) Consider the potential which is generated from Figure A by setting V = ∞ at L = 0.
What is the energy of the ground state in this case?
(f) How many bound states are possible in this case?

4. *Consider a particle of mass m in a potential given by

V (x) = 0 for |x| < L/2,


= V0 for L/2 < |x| < L
= ∞ for |x| ≥ L

(a) Sketch the potential and the qualitative nature of the ground-state wave-function
(without solving the Schrodinger equation). Mention the functional form of the wave
function in each region.
(b) An electron is trapped in a symmetric finite potential of depth V0 = 1000eV and width
L = 1. What is approximate energy of the ground state?

5. A particle with energy E is bound in a finite square well potential with height U and
width 2L (as shown in the figure below)

(a) Consider the case E < U , obtain the energy quantization


q condition
q for the symmetric
wave functions in terms of K and α, where K = 2mE/h̄ and α = 2m(U − E)/h̄2
2

(b) Apply this result to an electron trapped at a defect site in a crystal. Modeling the
defect as a finite square well potential with height 5eV and width 200pm, calculate the
ground state energy ?
(c) Calculate the total number of bound states with symmetric wavefunction?

2
6. *A particle of mass m is bound in a double well potential shown in the figure. Itsenergy
eigenstate ψ(x) has energy eigenvalue E = V o (where Vo is the energy of the plateau in
the middle of the potential well). It is known that ψ(x) = C ( C is a constant) in the
plateau region.

(a) Obtain ψ(x) for the regions −2 L < x < −L and L < x < 2L and the relation between
the wavenumber ’ k ’ and L.
(b) Determine ’ C ’ in terms of L.
(c) Assume that the bound particle is an electron and L = 1A. Calculate the 2 lowest
values of Vo (in eV ) for which such a solution exists.
(d) For the smallest allowed k, calculate the expectation values for x, x2 , p and p2 and
show that Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Relation is obeyed.

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