Math Q and A
Math Q and A
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A. 2 C. 3 A. 120(a^4)(x^3) A. 78 * C. 23
B. 0.5 D. 4 * B. – 120(a^4)(x^3) B. 87 D. 22
C. – 280(a^4)(x^3) *
8. Find the value of k in the quadratic D. 280(a^4)(x^3) 25. Evaluate {[(n + 1)!]^2/[n!(n – 1)!]}.
equation 3x^2 – kx + x – 7k = 0 if 3
is one of the roots. 16. Find the term involving x^9 in the A. n(n + 1)^2 * C. n!*
expansion of (x^2 + 2/x)^12. B. n(n + 1) D. n + 1
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Solution: x2
a0 10. B. xy
x - 3x 2
2
1. D. 24 2 xy n (a b)1 a b 2n 1
x n 1
Note: 3 xy a b 2
log b b
1
og a b
xy n
1
a b a b
5. B. 90 2n 1
log b a log b a
15 5 3 a b
Thus,
18 6 3 xy n xy 1 a b 2n 2
log a 2 log a 3 log a 4 1
LCM 5 6 3 90
log a 24 1 a b 2n
a 24 6. B. 25 + k a b 2
p–q=5
1
a b a b
2n 2
2. C. 0.25 *
1 By squaring both sides: xy
log k x y log x log y p q 52
2
xy a b
2
2
2 log k x y log x log y xy
p2 2pq q 2 25 a b 2
log k x y log xy
2
p2 q 2 25 2pq
k 11. B. 12 days
k x y xy p2 q 2 25 2
2
2
k 2 x y xy
2 Wife’s day off: 4th day
p q 25 k
2 2
Husband’s day off: 6th day
xy
x 2 2xy y 2 Getting the least common multiple
k2 7. D. 4
of 4 and 6
xy
x 2 y 2 2 2xy x 2 2(k 2)x 9k 0
LCM = 12
k
1 For equal roots B2 – 4AC = 0
x y 2 2 xy
2 2 12. A. 43,750x^8
k x 2 2 k 2 x 9k 0 Binomial Expansion:
So, from x 2 y 2 14xy : B2 4AC 0 Total number of terms = n + 1
x
8
1 2k 4 2 4 1 9k 0
2
5 ; n = 8
14xy 2 2 xy
k
4k 2 20k 16 0 Number of terms = 9
1
14 2 2 k1 4; k 2 1 Middle term = 5th term
k
1 Nth Term = n Cr 1a n r 1b r 1
16
8. A. 3 8 5 1
k2 5th Term = 8 C51 x
2
551
1
k 3x 2 kx x 7k 0
4 5th Term = 43,750x8
3. C. 2 At x = 3,
3 3 k 3 3 7k 0
2
13. A. 2
If the roots are 3 and 2, then: Applying Factor Theorem
k 3
Ax 2 Bx C 0 f (x)
If ; Re mainder f (x) 0
x 3 x 2 0 9. B. 1:2 xk x k
x 5x 6 0
2 Then,
1 1 1 1 y
A B C 1 5 6 : kx 2 6x 2kx 12
x y x y x
A BC 2 x 3
2x 4y 7x 6y Re mainder f (x) 0
4. D. 2/3 y(4 6) x(7 2) At x = 3
y 1 kx 2 6x 2kx 12 0
2 log a x - log a (x -1) - log a (x - 2) 0
x 2
k 3 6 3 2k 3 12 0
2
x2 1 1
: 1: 2
log a 0 k2
x -1 x - 2 x y
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17. A. 1 log b y 2x log b x
14. C. – 5 x log c a log a b log b c log b y log b x 2x
log a log b log c log10 y log10 x
Applying Remainder Theorem x 1 2x
f (x) log c log a log b log10 b log10 b
If ; Re mainder f (x) log10 y log10 x 2x log10 b
xk x k
18. B. 256 y
Then, log10 log10 b 2x
x ax 5x bx 6
4 3 2 x
x 2y z 8 y xb 2x
x2
Sum of Coefficients = (let all
Remainder = f(x) = 16 at x = 2
variables to 1)n 23. A. 20
x 4 ax 3 5x 2 bx 6 16 Sum of Coefficients = (1+2-1)8 x y z 5
2 4
a 2 5 2 b 2 6 16
3 2
Sum of Coefficients = 256
Trinomial Expansion
8a 2b 26 eqn 1 n!
When,
19. B. e and e^5 rth Term = a p b q c s
p!q!s!
x 4 ax 3 5x 2 bx 6 ln x 2 2 ln x 3 5 where, n = p + q + s
x 1 Identifying the term with xy3z:
ln x 2 6 ln x 5
Remainder = f(x) = 10 at x = -1 5!
Let A = ln x x p y q z s
x 4 ax 3 5x 2 bx 6 10 p!q!s!
A 2 6A 5 0
14 a 13 5 12 x p x; p 1
10 A1 5 ; A 2 1
b 1 6 y q y3 ;q 3
At A = 5, At A = 1
a b 2 eqn 2 zs z;s 1
ln x 5 ln x 5
5!
Solving for a and b: x e5 xe Thus for coefficient, 20
a = -5 and b = 7 1!3!1!
20. A. 21
15. C. – 280(a^4)(x^3) x : y:z 2:5:7 24. A. 78
n
Binomial Expansion x y
a b
x 2
a 2x
7
y 5
ab
rth Term = n Cr 1a n r 1b r 1 5x 2y 0 eqn 1 Sum of exponents: n n 1
2
y 5
4th Term = 7 C41a 7 41 2x
4 1
2
12
z 7 Then, x 2
4th Term = 280a 4 x3 7y 5z 0 eqn 2 x
4x y 2z 51 eqn 3 2 1
16. B. 25,344x^9 12 12 1 78
x = 6, y = 15 and z = 21 2
rth Term = n Cr 1a n r 1b r 1
2 12 r 1
r 1 21. C. – 66339/128a^11 25. A. n(n + 1)^2
rth Term =
12 Cr 1 x
x
2
128a11
6th Term = 25, 344x9 "Successful people do what unsuccessful
2x people are not willing to do.”
22. D. y = xb
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reversed, the number becomes
Multiple Choice: A. 40 * C. 35 smaller by 594. Find the number.
B. 45 D. 38
1. Two turtles A and B start at the same A. 432
time move towards each other at a 7. A jogger starts a course at a steady B. 147
distance of 150 m. The rate of turtle rate of 8 kph. Five minutes later, a C. 852 *
A is 10 m/s while that B is 20 m/s. A second jogger starts the same course D. 258
fly flies from one turtle to another at at 10 kph. How long will it take the
the same time that the turtles start to second jogger to catch the first? 12. Ely walks down to the bottom of an
move toward its each other. The rate escalator that is moving up and he
of the fly is constant at 100 m/s. A. 20 min * counts 150 steps. Her friend, Mia
determine the total distance traveled B. 21 min walks up to the top of the escalator
by the fly until the two turtles met? C. 22 min and counts 75 steps. If Ely’s speed of
D. 18 min walking (in steps per unit time) is
A. 500 m * C. 700 m three times Mia’s walking speed, how
B. 600 m D. 800 m 8. Six years ago, Raymond Reddington many steps are visible on the
was five times as old as Elizabeth escalator at a given time? Assume
2. If A’s rate of doing work is to B’s as Keen. In five years, Raymond that this value is constant.
6:8 and A does a piece of work in 50 Reddington will be three times as old
days, how long will it take B to do it? as Elizabeth Keen. What is the A. 120 *
present age of Elizabeth Keen? B. 140
A. 66.7 days C. 50.2 days C. 130
B. 23 days D. 37.5 days * A. 17 D. 150
B. 16
3. It is now between 3 and 4 o’clock and C. 15 13. If the man’s age is a 3-digit number,
in 20 minutes, the minute hand will D. 14 his age is equal to product of two
be as much as the hour hand as it is numbers. One of the numbers is the
now behind it. What is the time now? 9. A man on a boat rows to a place 4.8 sum of the digits and the other
miles with the stream and back in 14 number is product of the digits his
A. 3:06.36 C. 3:26.46 hours, but finds that he can row 14 age is?
B. 3:20 D. 3:30 miles with the stream in the same
time as 3 miles against the stream. A. 144
4. Elizabeth is now 18 years old and her Find the rate of the stream. B. 123
colleague Eumia is 14 years old. How C. 155
many years ago was Elizabeth twice A. 0.45 miles per hour D. 112
as old as Eumia? B. 0.55 mile per hour
C. 0.76 mile per hour * 14. At what time between 4 and 5
A. 5 D. 0.68 mile per hour o’clock will the hands of the clock be
B. 7 at right angle for the first time?
C. 8 10. 6-year-old Jan Nicole visited Santa at
D. 10 * a local department store. He gave her A. 4:6.42 C. 4:5.45 *
this riddle: "I started working at 15. I B. 4:5.23 D. 4:7.62
5. A father tells his son, “I was your age spent 1/4 of my working life in a
now when you were born.” If the factory. I spent 1/5 of my working 15. Michael has some coins in his pocket
father is now 38 years old, how old life in an office, and I spent 1/3 of my consisting of dimes, nickels and
was his son 2 years ago? working life as a school caretaker. pennies. He has two more nickels
For the last 13 years of my working than dimes, and three times as many
A. 15 life I've been Santa Claus. How old pennies as nickels. How many
B. 17 * am I?" pennies does he have if the total
C. 19 value is 52 cents?
D. 21 A. 67 C. 71
B. 75 * D. 78 A. 20 C. 15
6. A goldsmith has two alloys of gold, B. 12 * D. 5
the first being 70% pure and the 11. Twice the middle digit of a three-
second being 60% pure. How many digit number is the sum of the other 16. Bob has a coin collection made up of
ounces of the 60% pure gold must be two. If the number is divided by the pennies and nickels. If he has three
used to make 100 ounces of an alloy sum of its digits, the answer is 56 and times as many pennies as nickels and
which will be 66% gold? the remainder is 12. If the digits are the total face value of the coins is
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$416, how many nickels are in the A can transmit 150 MW over 150 How much is the average charge for
collection? km. How much power in MW can the electrical energy per 100 kw-hr?
230 kV line rated at 1500 A transmit
A. 5200 * C. 5600 over 100 km? A. 58 centavos * C. 60 centavos
B. 5400 D. 5800 B. 62 centavos D. 64 centavos
A. 675 MW* C. 576 MW
17. Diophantus passed 1/6 of his life in B. 765 MW D. 567 MW 28. If one third of the air in a tank is
childhood, 1/12 in youth, 1/7 as a removed by each stroke of an air
bachelor. Five years after his 22. Once a month, a man puts some pump, what fractional part of the total
marriage was born a son who died 4 money into the cookie jar. Each air is removed in 6 strokes?
years before his father at half his month he puts 50 centavos more into
father’s final age. How old was the jar than the month before. After A. 0.7122 C. 0.9122 *
Diophantus when he died? 12 years, he counted his money, he B. 0.6122 D. 0.8122
had P 5,436. How much money did
A. 48 yrs. old C. 72 yrs. old he put in the jar in the last month? 29. Eight men can dig 150 ft of trench in
B. 84 yrs. old * D. 27 yrs. old 7 hours. Three men can backfill 100
A. P 73.50 * C. P 75.50 ft of the trench in 4 hours. How long
18. A reservoir can be filled by an inlet B. P 74.50 D. P 72.50 will it take 10 men to dig and backfill
pipe in 24 hours and emptied in 28 200 ft of trench?
hours. The foreman starts to fill the 23. Determine x so that: x, 2x + 7, 10x –
reservoir, but he forgets to close the 7 will be a geometric progression. A. 9.87 hours C. 9.12 hours
outlet pipe. Six hours late he B. 9.45 hours D. 9.61 hours
remembers and closes the outlet. A. 7, -7/12 C. 7, -5/6
How long does it take altogether to B. 7, -14/5 D. 7, - 7/6 * 30. Atan can paint the room in 15 hours,
fill the reservoir? Marlon can paint 50 percent faster
24. Find the sum of the infinite geometric than Atan, and Danny can paint twice
A. 29 1/7 hours C. 30 1/2 hours progression 6, -2, 2/3, … as fast as Atan. Atan begins to paint
B. 29 1/5 hours D. 30 3/5 hours the room and works alone for the first
A. 9/2 C. 5/2 hour and a half. Then Marlon joins
19. A cyclist traveled a certain distance at B. 7/2 D. 11/2 Atan, and they work together until
her usual speed. If her speed had been half the room is painted. Then Danny
2 mi/hr. faster, she could have 25. A rubber ball is made to fall from a joins Atan and Marlon, and they
travelled the distance in 1 hour less height of 50 feet and is observed to work together until the entire room is
time. If her speed had been 2 mi/hr. rebound 2/3 of the distance it falls. painted. Find the number of minutes
slower, she would have taken 2 hours How far will the ball travel before after Atan begins for the three of
longer. Find her usual speed. coming to rest if the ball continues to them to finish painting the room.
fall in this manner?
A. 6 mph C. 8 mph A. 334 C. 347
B. 7 mph D. 9 mph A. 200 feet C. 225 feet B. 321 D. 312
B. 250 feet D. 275 feet
20. The ratio of men to women in a 31. A man rows downstream at the rate
certain part was 5:3. Twenty-four 26. The 3rd term of a harmonic of 5 miles per hour and rows
men got drunk and decided to leave progression is 15 and the 9th term is upstream at the rate of 2 miles per
the party. When twenty-four more 6. Find the 11th term. hour. How far downstream should he
women joined the party, the ratio go if he is to return in 7/4 hours after
between men to women was A. 4 C. 5 * leaving?
interchanged, how many men were B. 6 D. 7
left in the party? A. 2.5 miles * C. 3.3 miles
27. To conserve energy due to the present B. 3.1 miles D. 2.7 miles
A. 24 C. 36 * energy crisis, the Meralco tried to re-
B. 15 D. 42 adjust their charges to electrical 32. The tens’ digit of a number is 3 less
energy users who consume more than than the units’ digit. If the number is
21. The electric power which a 2000 kw-hrs. For the first 100 kw-hr, divided by the sum of the digits, the
transmission line can transmit is they charged 40 centavos and quotient is 4 and the remainder is 3.
proportional to the product of its increasing at a constant rate more What is the original number?
design voltage and current capacity, than the preceding one until the fifth
and inversely to the transmission 100 kw-hr, the charge is 76 centavos. A. 36 C. 47 *
distance. A 115 kV line rate at 1000 B. 58 D. 69
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sister. The sum of their ages is 38 had 7 eggs left, how many eggs does
33. If 3 is subtracted from the numerator years. How old is the girl? he originally have?
of a certain fraction, the value of the
fraction becomes 3/5. If 1 is A. 4 C. 5 A. 67 C. 65
subtracted from the denominator of B. 6 * D. 7 B. 63* D. 61
the same fraction, it becomes 2/3.
Find the original fraction. 40. What is the sum of three arithmetic 46. Cathy left her house on a bicycle
means between 34 and 42? heading north at 8 mph. At the same
A. 35/55 C. 36/55 * time, her sister Nina headed south 12
B. 3/7 D. 32/41 A. 114 C. 124 mph. how long will it take for them
B. 134 D. 144 to be 24 miles apart?
34. How much water must be evaporated
from 10 kg solution which has 4% 41. The electric power which a A. 1.5 hr C. 1.2 hr *
salt to make a solution of 10% salt? transmission line can transmit is B. 2.43 hr D. 1.3 hr
proportional to the product of its
A. 4 kg C. 5 kg design voltage and current capacity, 47. A collection of 44 coins containing
B. 6 kg * D. 7 kg and inversely to the transmission pennies, dimes and quarters is worth
distance. A 115-kilovolt line rated at $5.90. There are twice as many dimes
35. A and B can do a piece of work in 42 100 amperes can transmit 150 as quarters. How many pennies are in
days, B and C in 31 days and C and megawatts over 150 km. How much the collection?
A in 20 days. In how many days can power, in megawatts can a 230
all of them do the work together? kilovolt line rated at 150 amperes A. 6 C. 8
transmit over 100 km? B. 5 D. 4
A. 19 C. 17
B. 21 D. 15 A. 785 C. 485 48. A girl on a bicycle coasts downhill
B. 675 D. 595 covering 4 feet the first second, 12
36. It takes Jimmy twice as long as feet the second second, and in
Sonny to do a certain piece of work. 42. If x varies directly as y and inversely general, 8 feet more each second than
Working together, they can finish the as z, and x = 14 when y = 7 and z = 2, the previous second. If she reaches
work in 6 hours. How long would it find the value of x when y = 16 and z the bottom at the end of 14 seconds,
take Sonny to do it alone? = 4. how far did she coasts?
37. If A can do the work in “x” days and 43. What time after 3 o’clock will the 49. An Excel reviewee got a score of
B in “y” days, how long will they hands of the clock be together for the 30% on Test 1 of the five number test
finish the job working together? first time? in Algebra. On the last number he got
90% in which a constant difference
xy xy A. 3:02.30 C. 3:17.37 more on each number that he had on
A. C. B. 3:14.32 D. 3:16.36 * the immediately preceding one. What
xy 2
was his average score in Algebra?
xy
B. * D. xy 44. A tank can be filled in 9 hours by one
xy pipe, 12 hours by a second pipe and A. 50 C. 55
can be drained when full by a third B. 60 D. 65
38. A pump can pump out water from a pipe in 15 hours. How long will it
tank in 11 hours. Another pump can take to fill an empty tank with all 50. Determine the sum of the infinite
pump out water from the same tank pipes in operation? n
1 1 1 1
in 20 hours. How long will it take series: S ...
both pumps to pump out the water in A. 7 hours and 12 minutes 3 9 27 3
the tank? B. 7 hours and 32 minutes
C. 7 hours and 42 minutes A. 4/5 C. 3/4
A. 7 hours * C. 6 hours D. 7 hours and 50 minutes * B. 2/3 D. 1/2 *
B. 7 1/2 hours D. 6 1/2 hours
45. A man sold half an egg more than End
39. A girl is one-third as old as her half his eggs. He then sold half an
brother and 8 years younger than her egg more than his remaining eggs. He
did the same for the third time. If he
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Solutions: 5. B. 17 8. A. 17
Past Present Past Present Future
1. A. 500 m
Father x 38
Raymond 5(x-6) ? 3(x+5)
d1 = total dist. covered by two turtles Son 0 x
Elizabeth x-6 x x+5
d2 = dist. travelled by fly 38 x x 0
t1 t 2 x 19 3 x 5 5 x 6 x 5 x 6
d1 d Two years ago, the son was (19 – 2) = 17 3x 15 5x 30 x 5 x 6
2
v net v fly 2x 45 11
6. A. 40
150 m d2 x 17
m m m 70% + 60% 66%
10 20 100 =
9. C. 0.76 mile per hour
s s s x
100-x 100
d 2 500 m Ans
0.70 100 x 0.60 x 0.66 100
Let: V1 = velocity of man on boat
V2 = velocity of stream
2. D. 37.5 days 70 0.7x 0.6x 66 Total time = 14 hrs
x 40 ounces
tA = time taken for A to do work
tB = time taken for B to do work Direction of the
7. A. 20 min V 1+ V 2
1 stream current
rate Let: V1 = velocity of the first jogger
t V2 = velocity of the second jogger
1 1
Point where 4.8 miles
rate A t A 6 50 days jogger 2
t1 The two figures below that the same time.
rateB 1 8 1 starts running
tB tB V1+ V2
V1
t B 37.5 days Ans
3. A. 3:06.36
S1 14 miles
2t h u 144 144 1
1
1 1 w 8
h 2t u 0 Eq. 1
14. C. 4:5.45 24 x x
100h 10t u 12 1
56 x 23 hrs.
htu htu x = dist. travelled by min hand 7
100h 10t u 56h 56t 56u 12 x/12 = dist. travelled by hour hand
1 1
x 60 min total time = 6 + 23 29 Ans
htu htu 20 x 90o 7 7
100h 10t u 56h 56t 56u 12 12 360o
44h 46t 55u 12 Eq. 2 x 5.45min 19. A. 6mph
Thus, time is 4:5.45.
100u 10t h 100h 10t u 594
d = distance traveled
99h 99u 594 Eq. 3 15. B. 12 x = usual speed
Using calculator: t = time taken to travel
p = number of pennies d xt
Mode 5 : EQN 4 : a n x b n y c n z d n
n = number of nickels
a b c d d = number of quarters d x 2 t 1 xt x 2t 2
1 2 1 0 n d2 d x 2 t 2 xt 2x 2t 4
44 46 55 12 n - d = 2 eq.1 d d x 2t 2 d 2x 2t 4
99 0 99 594 p = 3n 0 x 2t 2
h 8, t 5, u 2 p - 3n = 0 eq.2 x 2t 2 eq.1
100h 10t u 852 0.01p 0.05n 0.10d 0.52 eq.3 0 2x 2t 4
Using MODE 5 2, 2x 2t 4 eq.2
12. A. 120 p 12 pennies Ans Using MODE 5 1,
Let v velocity of Mia
d4 x 6 mph Ans
3v velocity of Ely
n2 t4
s velocity of escalator
t mia t escalator 16. A. 5200 20. C. 36
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a 2 2 1
x = no. of men r a 5 a 1 4d
a1 6 3
y = no. of women 76 40 4d
a1 6 9
x 5
3
y x S d9
1 r 1 2
y 3 5 1 Therefore:
x 24 3 3
a 2 40 9 49
y 24 5 a 3 49 9 58
25. A. 250 feet
x 24 3 a 4 58 9 67
3
x 24 5 40 49 58 67 76
5 Average = = 58
5
x 60 50 ft 100/3 ft
60 - 24 = 36 Ans 28. C. 0.9122
21. A. 675 MW Let: D = total distance traveled by ball Let: x = total volume of air in the tank
y = total volume removed from the
2 100
VI a1 50 tank after the 6th stroke
P 3 3
d 1 2
100 Vol. left after 1st stroke = x x x
P1d1 P2 d 2 3 3
a
V1I1 V2 I 2 S 1 3 100 Vol. left after 2nd stroke
r 1 1 2 1 2 4
150MW 150km x 100km 2
x x x
3
3 3 9
115kV 1000A 230kV 1500A D = 50 + 2S = 50 + 2(100) = 250 feet
3
Vol. left after 3rd stroke
x 675MW Ans
26. C. 5 4 1 4 8
x x x
22. A. P 73.50 h3 = 15; a3 = 1/15 9 3 9 27
h9 = 6 ; a9 = 1/6 Note: By inspection, the volume left after
d = 0.50; n = 12(12) =144 a 3 a1 2d each stroke forms a GP whose common
n 1 4
S 2a1 n 1 d a1 2d
9 2
2 15 ratio is r
144 1 2 3
5436 2a1 144 1 0.5 a1 2d Eq. 1
2 15 3
Solving for the volume left after the 6th
a1 2 a 9 a1 8d
stroke
a144 a1 143d 2 143 0.5 1 5
a1 8d Eq.2 2 2
a144 73.50 6 a 6 a1r 5 x 0.08779x
Substitute equation 1 in equation 2: 3 3
Thus, the total volume removed after the
1 1
23. D. 7, - 7/6 2d 8d 6th stroke: y x 0.08779x 0.9122x
6 15
a1 = x; a2 = 2x + 7; a3 = 10x – 7 1
d 29. A. 9.87 hours
a a 60
r 2 3
a1 a 2 Substitute d in equation 1: work done work load
2x 7 10x 7 1
1 1 no. of wor ker s time of doing the job
a1 2
x 2x 7 15 60 30 no. of job done
2x 7 2 x 10x 7 1 1 1 no. of wor ker s time to finish the job
a11 a1 10d 10
30
60 5 no. of job to do
4x 2 28x 49 10x 2 7x
Therefore: h11
1 1
5 8 men 7 hrs
6x 2 35x 49 0 150 ft 10 men ' x ' hrs
a11 1
7
x 7, 5 3 men 4 hrs 200 ft
6
100 ft
27. A. 58 centavos
24. A. 9/2 x 9.87 hrs
a1 = 40; a5 = 76
a1 = 6; a2 = - 2 30. A. 334
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Rate of work of the three men: u7
1 1 1
1 t 73 4 Eq. 2
Atan B C 31
15 Number 10 4 7 47 1 1 1
1 1 1 Eq. 3
Marlon 0.50 A C 20
15 15 10 33. C. 36/55
1 2 Adding the three equations:
Danny 2
15 15 x 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
A B B C A C 42 31 20
Let: = the fraction
1 1 1 y
First half: 1.5 t1 t 2 t1 2.4 x 3 3 0.106
15 10 2
1 1 2 1 5 y 5 2 2 2
Second half: t 2 t 2 0.106
15 10 15 2 3 3y 5x 15 A B C
Solving for Atan’s total time of working, t: 5 1 1 1
0.053
1
y x 5 Eq. 1
5 3 A B C x
t 1.5 2.4 5.5667 hr 334 min
3 x 2 x 18.87days
y 1 3 x 19 days
31. A. 2.5 miles 3x 2y 2 Eq. 2
t2 36. C. 18 hours
Substituting equation 1 in equation 2:
t1 Let: x = time for Jimmy to finish the job
5
3x 2 x 5 2 y = time for Sonny to finish the job
3 1 1 1
Eq. 1
10 x y 6
3x x 10 2
3 1 1
0.333x 12 2 Eq. 2
S x y
distance x 36
time
5
velocity y 36 5 55 Substituting equation 2 in equation 1:
t1 t 2 t total 3 2 1 1
S S 7 36 y y 6
Thus, the fraction is
5 2 4 55 y 18 hours
S 2.5 miles
34. B. 6 kg
xy
37. B.
32. C. 47 xy
4% – 0% = 10%
Let: n = number of days needed to
Let: t = ten’s digit of the number 10 x 10-x complete the work
u = unit’s digit of the number
Number 10t u 0.04 10 0 x 0.10 10 x 1 1 1
t u 3 Eq. 1 0.4 1 0.1x x y n
x 6 kg 1 xy xy
10t u 3 n
4 n xy xy
tu tu
10t u 3 35. A. 19
4 38. A. 7 hours
tu Let: x = number of days needed by A, B Let: x = time needed to complete the work
10t u 3 4t 4u and C to finished the work 1 1 1
6t 3 3u Eq. 2 working together. 20 11 x
Substituting equation 1 in equation 2: x 7.096 hours
1 1 1 1
6 u 3 3 3u A B C x 39. B. 6
1 1 1
6u 18 3 3u Eq. 1
A B 42 Let: x = age of the girl
3u 21 y = age of her brother
z = age of her sister
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defective in drawing without 26. The population of Nicosia (Cyprus) is 31. How many distinguishable
replacement. 75 % Greek and 25% Turkish. 20% permutations are there of the letters in
of the Greeks and 10% of the Turks MISSISSIPPI?
A. 0.6275 C. 0.4567 speak English. If the person the
B. 0.7265 * D. 0.5067 visitor met speaks English, what is A. 35,640 C. 36,540
the probability that the person is a B. 34,650 * D. 30,654
20. From six history books and eight Greek?
economics books, in how many ways 32. In how many ways can 6 people be
can a person select two history books A. 0.857 C. 0.668 seated around a circular table?
and three economics book and B. 0.725 D. 0.586
arrange them on a shelf? A. 60 C. 240
27. In a certain communication system, a B. 120 * D. 360
A. 100,800 * C. 120,000 word consists of a sequence of 3
B. 130,400 C. 108,000 elements, where each element may 33. If seven coins are tossed
take the value of 1 or 2. If each word simultaneously, find the probability
21. How many three letter words is equally like to happen, the that there will be at least six tails.
(without meaning) are possible when probability that a word occurring with
repetition of letters is not allowed? exactly two elements of value 1 is __. A. 1/3 C. 1/15
What is the probability that those B. 1/16 * D. 1/4
words will not start with a vowel? A. 0.375 C. 0.250
B. 0.325 D. 0.425 34. If a fair coin is flipped 20 times, what
A. 0.2461 C. 0.50 is the probability of the coin landing
B. 0.8077 * D. 0.345 28. Which of the following are events on heads exactly 10 times?
that are not mutually exclusive?
22. The probability that A wins a certain A. 0.123 C. 0.154
game is 2/3. If A plays 5 games, what A. Tossing a coin and getting a tail B. 0.176 D. 0.198
is the probability that A will win and rolling a die and getting and
exactly 3 games? even number. 35. Sixty percent of the people who buy
B. Tossing a coin and getting a head sports cars are men. If 10 sports car
A. 21/121 C. 80/243 * or a tail. owners are randomly selected, find
B. 3/130 D. 56/111 C. Rolling a die and getting a 6 or a the probability that exactly 7 are men.
3.
23. A coin is tossed 3 times and 2 heads D. Drawing a card from a deck and A. 0.314 C. 0.450
and 1 tail fall. What is the probability getting a club and an ace * B. 0.200 D. 0.215 *
that the first toss was head?
29. It is given that the events A and B are 36. In a shooting match, eight clay targets
A. 2/3 C. 1/4 1 1 are arranged in two hanging columns
B. 3/4 D. 1/2 such that P(A) , P A | B of three targets each and one column
4 2
2 of two targets. A marksman is to
24. Find the number of ways 2 balls, 4 and P(B | A) . Find P(B). break all the targets according to the
3
dolls and 6 toy guns can be given to certain rules. First the marksman
12 children if each child gets a toy. chooses a column from which a target
2 1 is to be broken. Then the marksman
A. C.
A. 13,860 * C. 14,200 3 6 must then break the lowest remaining
B. 12,657 D. 11,890 1 1 target in the chosen column. In how
B. D.
2 3 many different orders can the eight
25. Which of the following are events targets be broken, given that the rules
that are mutually exclusive? 30. Suppose A and B are events with are followed?
P(A) = 0.6, P(B) = 0.3 and
A. Drawing a card from a deck and P(A B) 0.2 . Find the probability A. 240 C. 560 *
getting a queen and a heart. that neither A nor B occurs. B. 380 D. 440
B. Rolling a die and getting an even
number and a 2. A. 0.7 C. 0.4 37. What is the probability that at least
C. Rolling two dice and getting B. 0.3 * D. 0.6 two students of a class of size 23 have
doubles or getting a sum of 6. the same birthday?
D. Tossing two coins and getting
two heads or two tails. * A. 0.316 C. 0.612
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2
3
2
53
80 P B A probability that B will 34. B. 0.176
P 5 C3 1
3 3 243 happen given that A happened. 10 20 10
1 1
P A B probability that A will P n Cr p r q n r 20 C10
23. A. 2/3 2 2
happen given that B happened. So,
P 0.176
P A B
2 heads, 1 tail P B A
Desired outcome: HHT, HTH P A 35. D. 0.215
2 P A B
Total possible outcomes: HHT, HTH,
THH P n Cr pr q n r 10 C7 0.60 0.40
7 10 7
3 1/ 4
2
P 1 P 0.215
3 P A B
6
P A B
36. C. 560
24. A. 13,860 P A B
P B Permutation with identical elements:
n! 12! 1 1/ 6 Considering the targets per column
N 13,860
p!q!r! 2!4!6! 2 P B are identical,
n! 8!
1 P 560
25. D. Tossing two coins and getting P B p!q!s! 3!3!2!
3
two heads or two tails.
37. D. 0.507
30. B. 0.3
26. A. 0.857
Probability that they have different
Using Bayes’ Theorem: P 1 P A or B birthdays, P1:
P 1 P A P B P A and B P23
P(E | G) P(G) P1 365 23 0.493
P(G | E) P 1 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.3 365
P(E | G) P(G) P(E | T) P(T)
(0.20)(0.75) Probability that at least two of them
P(G | E) 31. B. 34,650 have the same birthday, P:
(0.20)(0.75) (0.10)(0.25)
P 1 0.493 0.507
P(G | E) 0.857 11!
N 34,650
4! 4! 2! 38. D. 40/81
27. A. 0.375
32. B. 120 Assume the first draw is black and
For 3-element word that takes the the second draw is white:
value of 1 or 2, the possible outcomes
N 6 1! 120
4 5 20
are: P1 Pblack x Pwhite x
9 9 81
111 121 122 221
112 211 212 222 33. B. 1/16 Assume the first draw is white and
the second draw is black:
There are a total of 8 outcomes. Binomial Distribution:
5 4 20
The words the contain exactly two P n Cr p r q n r P2 Pwhite x Pblack x
elements of value 1 are: 9 9 81
1
112 121 211 Probability of success tail , p
2 Let: P = probability that one ball is
1 black and the other is white
There are a total of 3 words that Probability of failure head ,q
contain exactly two elements of value 2 20 20 40
P P1 P2 x
1. Therefore: Total coins, n 7 81 81 81
3 Total coins with tails as a result, r 6,7
P 0.375
8 6 7 6 7 7 7 39. D. 89.6 %
1 1 1 1
P 7 C6 7 C7
28. D. Drawing a card from a deck and 2 2 2 2 Probability of getting a passing score
getting a club and an ace 1 in each subject is 0.8
P Probability of failing in any of the
16
29. D. 1/3 three subjects is 0.2
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46. D. 0.093
42. C. 60
P(honest) = 0.12
Number of A’s = 3
Number of N’s = 2 P(dishonest) = 1- 0.12 = 0.88
n! 6! P = (0.88)(0.88)(0.12)
N 60 ways
p!q! 3!2! P = 0.092928
47. C. 0.329
43. B. 4/13
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Multiple Choice: 8. What is the Cartesian product of A = people are such that they enjoy apples,
{1, 2} and B = {a, b}? bananas as well as carrots. Two of
1. Given h(x) = sqrt (x +7) and j(x) = them like apples and bananas. Let three
7x^2 – 3. Express j h x in terms A. {(1, a), (1, b), (2, a), (b, b)} people like apples and carrots. Also,
B. {(1, 1), (2, 2), (a, a), (b, b)} four people are such that they like
of x.
C. {(1, a), (2, a), (1, b), (2, b)} bananas and carrots. Answer the
D. {(1, 1), (a, a), (2, a), (1, b)} following questions: How many people
A. 6x + 32 C. 7x + 46
like apples only?
B. 8x + 48 D. 5x + 53
9. Which of the following two sets are
equal? A. 2 C. 7
2. In a class of 40 students, 27 students
B. 4 D. 11
like Calculus and 25 like Geometry.
A. A = {1, 2} and B = {1}
How many students like both Calculus
B. A = {1, 2} and B = {1, 2, 3} 17. If n(A)=20 and n(B)=30 and n(A U B)
and Geometry?
C. A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 1, 3} = 40 then n(A ∩ B) is?
D. A = {1, 2, 4} and B = {1, 2, 3}
A. 9 C. 11
A. 20 C. 30
B. 10 D. 12
10. The set of positive integers is _____. B. 40 D. 10
3. Let S be the collection of all sets with
A. infinite C. finite 18. The relation between sets A, B, C as
at most 5 elements. Then:
B. subset D. empty shown by Venn diagram is ____.
A. An element of S is a set with 1, 2,
11. The members of the set S = {x | x is the A. A is subset of B and B is subset of
3, 4, or 5 elements.
square of an integer and x < 100} is: C
B. An element of S is a number.
B. C is not a subset of A and A is
C. An element of S is a set of 25
A. {0, 2, 4, 5, 9, 58, 49, 56, 99, 12} subset of B
elements.
B. {0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81} C. C is subset of B and B is subset of
D. An element of S is a superset of S.
C. {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 64, 81, 85, 99} A
D. {0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 121} D. None of the mentioned
4. Let A = {x, y} and B = {x, y, z}. What
is A U B?
12. The union of the sets {1, 2, 5} and {1, 19. Let:
2, 6} is the set _____. A: All badminton player are good
A. B C. {x}
sportsperson.
B. A D. {x, z}
A. {1, 2, 6, 1} C. {1, 2, 5, 6} B: All person who plays cricket are
B. {1, 2, 1, 2} D. {1, 5, 6, 3} good sportsperson.
5. Let A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {a, b}. What
Let X denotes set of all badminton
is B x A?
13. The intersection of the sets {1, 2, 5} players, Y of all cricket players, Z of
and {1, 2, 6} is the set ____. all good sportsperson. Then which of
A. {(1,a), (1,b), (2,a), (2,b), (3,a),
the following statements is correct?
(3,b)}
A. {1, 2} C. {5, 6}
B. {(a,1), (a,2), (a,3), (b,1), (b,2),
B. {2, 5} D. {1, 6} A. Z contains both X and Y
(b,3)}
B. Z contains X and Y is outside
C. {(a,1), (2,a), (a,3), (b,1), (2,b),
14. Two sets are called disjoint if there C. X contains Y and Z
(b,3)}
______ is the empty set. D. None of the mentioned
D. {(1,a), (1,b), (a,2), (b,2), (3,a),
(b,3)}
A. union C. difference 20. If n(A)=10, n(B)=30, n(C)=50 and if
B. intersection D. complement set A, B, C are pairwise disjoint then
6. A __________ is an ordered collection
which of the following is correct?
of objects.
15. The difference of {1, 2, 3} and {1, 2,
5} is the set _____. A. n(A U B)=0
A. relation C. function
B. n(B U C)=0
B. set D. proposition
A. {1} C. {5} C. n(A U B U C)=90
B. {3} D. {2} D. All of the mentioned
7. The set O of odd positive integers less
than 10 can be expressed by _____.
16. Let A, B and C represent people who 21. If f(x) = - 2x + 8, find f^-1 (1).
like apples, bananas, and carrots
A. {1, 5, 7, 9, 11} C. {1, 2, 5, 9}
respectively. The number of people in A. 4.5 C. 3.5
B. {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} D. {1, 2, 3}
A = 10, B = 12 and C = 16. Three B. 0.22… D. 0
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22. If f(x) = 1/(2 – sin3x), find f^-1 (x). 29. The following are scores made on a A. 7 C. 9
math test. 80, 90, 90, 85, 60, 70, 75, 85, B. 10 D. 11
A. (1/3)sin^-1 [x/(2x – 1)] 90, 60, 80 What is the range of these
B. (1/3)sin[(2x – 1)/x] scores? 37. Find the mode from these test results:
C. (1/3)sin^-1 [(2x – 1)/x] 90, 80, 77, 86, 90, 91, 77, 66, 69, 65,
D. 2 – sin 3x A. 90 C. 50 43, 65, 75, 43, 90.
B. 30 D. 70
23. Four friends went shopping for school A. 43 C. 77
clothes. Kim bought 5 shirts, Jill 30. The mode score on the 6th grade math B. 65 D. 90
bought 4 shirts, Leslie bought 6 shirts, test was 94! Which of these
and Crystal bought only 1 shirt. Which interpretations must be correct? 38. Find the mode from these test results:
answer choice represents the mean of 17, 19, 18, 17, 18, 19, 11, 17, 16, 19,
the shirts purchased? A. More students received a 94 than 15, 15, 15, 17, 13, 11.
any other score.
A. 2 C. 4 B. A score of 91 was slightly below A. 15 C. 11
B. 3 D. 6 average. B. 17 D. 19
C. 99 is the highest score in the class.
24. What is the median of the following D. No one scored below a 50. 39. Find the mean of these set of numbers:
numbers? 1, 2, 2, 8, 9, 14 100, 1050, 320, 600 and 150.
31. What is the mode of the following
A. 6 C. 2 numbers? 1, 2, 2, 8, 9, 14 A. 333 C. 444
B. 5 D. 13 B. 440 D. 320
A. 14 C. 9
25. Which set of data has a mean of 15, a B. 8 D. 2 40. The following numbers represent the
range of 22, a median of 14, and a ages of people on a bus: 3, 6, 27, 13, 6,
mode of 14? 32. What is the mean of the following 8, 12, 20, 5, 10. Calculate their mean of
numbers? 1, 2, 2, 8, 9, 14 their ages.
A. 25, 15, 14, 3, 7
B. 3, 14, 19, 25, 14 A. 13 C. 2 A. 11 C. 6
C. 14, 22, 14, 15, 4 B. 5 D. 6 B. 9 D. 110
D. 14, 22, 15, 15, 9
33. Find the median of the set of numbers: 41. These numbers are taken from the
26. Which number is not the mean, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 and 10. number of people that attended a
median, or mode of the data set 4, 3, particular church every Friday for 7
15, 11, 3, 8, 7, 5? A. 55 C. 10 weeks: 62, 18, 39, 13, 16, 37, 25. Find
B. 1 D. 5.5 the mean.
A. 6 C. 7
B. 3 D. 5 34. Find the median of the set of A. 25 C. 210
numbers: 21, 3, 7, 17, 19, 31, 46, 20 B. 62 D. 30
27. The following are scores made on a and 43.
math test. 80, 90, 90, 85, 60, 70, 75, 85, 42. If f(x) = x sec x, then f(0) =
90, 60, 80 What is the mode of these A. 19 C. 20
scores? B. 3 D. 167 A. –1 C. 0
B. 1 D. sqrt 2
A. 70 C. 80 35. Find the median of the set of
B. 90 D. 60 numbers: 100, 200, 450, 29, 1029, 300 43. If f(x) = tan^-1 (x) and g(x) = tan (x),
and 2001. find g f x .
28. The following are scores made on a
math test. 80, 90, 90, 85, 60, 70, 75, 85, A. 300 C. 29
A. tan^-1 x tan x C. tan^-1 x cot x
90, 60, 80 What is the median of these B. 7 D. 4,080
B. x D. tan^-1 x sin x
scores?
36. The following represents age
44. If f(x) = x – 2 and g(x) = sqrt (x^2 + 1),
A. 85 C. 80 distribution of students in an
B. 70 D. 90 elementary class. Find the mode of the then g f x is equal to
values: 7, 9, 10, 13, 11, 7, 9, 19, 12, 11,
9, 7, 9, 10, 11. A. sqrt (x^2 + 1) – 2
B. sqrt x^2 – 4x + 5
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C. x^2 – 1
D. x^2 – 4x + 5
A. x^2 – 8 C. x – 8
B. x + 8 D. x^2 + 8
A. –1 C. 0
B. 1 D. sqrt 2
A. 80th C. 40th
B. 50th D. 100th
A. mathematical averages
B. population averages
C. sample averages
D. averages of position
A. 4% C. 3%
B. 2% D. 7%
A. 11% C. 12%
B. 11.5% D. 19%
END
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1. C. 7x + 46 8. C. {(1, a), (2, a), (1, b), (2, b)} Number of elements of set A, n(A) = 20
Number of elements of set B, n(B) = 20
j x 7x 2 3 A 1, 2 Number of elements of the union of set
A and set B, n(A U B) = 40
j h x j h x B a, b Number of elements of the intersection
7h x 3
2 A B 1, a , 1, b , 2, a , 2, b of set A and set B, n(A ∩ B) = ?
n A B n A n B n A B
2
7 x7 3 9. C. A = {1, 2, 3} and B = {2, 1, 3} *
7 x 7 3 40 20 30 n A B
The two sets, A = {1, 2, 3} and B =
7x 49 3 {2, 1, 3}, are equal. 40 50 n A B
7x 46 n A B 10
10. A. infinite
2. D. 12 18. No answer (insufficient information)
11. B. {0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81}
x = number of students who like 19. A. Z contains both X and Y
both Calculus and Geometry
S 02 ,12 , 22 ,32 , 42 ,52 , 62 , 7 2 ,82 ,92
27 – x = number of students who 20. C. n(A U B U C) = 90
like Calculus only 0,1, 4,9,16, 25,36, 49, 64,81
25 – x = number of students who The number of elements of the
like Geometry only 12. B. {1, 2, 5, 6} union of Set A, Set B and Set C is
40 = total number of students in the equal to 90. n(A U B U C) = 90
class 1, 2,5 1, 2, 6 1,1, 2, 2,5, 6
1, 2,5, 6
21. B. 3.5
40 x 27 x 25 x 52 x
x 52 40 12 f x 2x 8
13. A. {1, 2}
x 2f 1 x 8
3. A. An element of S is a set with 1,
2, 3, 4, or 5 elements.
1, 2,5 1, 2, 6 1, 2 2f 1 x 8 x
8 x
An element of S is a set with 1, 2, 3, 14. C. intersection f 1 x
2
4, or 5 elements
8 1 7
15. C. {3} f 1
1
or 3.5
4. A. B 2 2
1, 2,3 \ 1, 2,5 1, 2,3 1, 2,5
A B x, y x, y, z 3 1 1 2 x 1
sin
22. C.
x, x, y, y, z 3 x
1
x, y, z
16. A. 2 f x
2 sin 3x
A = 10 (number of people who likes 1
5. B. {(a,1), (a,2), (a,3), (b,1), (b,2), apples) x
(b,3)} 2 sin 3f 1 x
3 = number of people who likes
1
2 sin 3f 1 x
apples, bananas and carrots
A 1, 2,3 2 = number of people who likes x
B a, b
apples and bananas 1
3 = number of people who likes sin 3f 1 x 2
x
a,1 , a, 2 , a,3 , apples and carrots
B A 1
3f 1 x sin 1 2
b,1 , b, 2 , b,3
X = number of people who likes
apples only x
1 2x 1
6. C. Set 3 23 X A f 1 x sin 1
3 x
8 X 10
X2
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Manila: CMFFI Bldg. R. Papa St. Sampaloc | Baguio: 4th Fl. De Guzman Bldg., Legarda Road Statistics and Discrete Math
23. B. 4 Arrange from lowest to highest: {60, Mode: the most frequently occurring
60, 70, 75, 80, 80, 85, 85, 90, 90, 90} term
5 4 6 1 Since there are 11 terms, the 6th term mode = 90 (Answer)
mean 4 is the median.
4
38. C. 17
24. C. 5 median = 80 (Answer)
Mode: the most frequently occurring
Median = the middle term of the 29. C. 30 term
arrangement of the terms from lowest mode = 17 (Answer)
to highest. Range highest term lowest term
The middle terms are 2 and 8. The 90 60 30 39. B. 444
median is the average of the 2 middle
100 1050 320 600 150
terms. 30. A. More students received a 94 Mean
28 than any other score. 5
median 5 444
2
31. D. 2
25. B. 3, 14, 19, 25, 14 40. A. 11
Mode: the most frequently occurring
{3, 14, 19, 25, 14} (Answer) term 3 6 27 13 6
mode = 2 (Answer) 8 12 20 5 10
Arrange from lowest to highest: {3, Mean 11
32. D. 6 10
14, 14, 19, 25}
1 2 2 8 9 14 41. D. 30
3 14 14 19 25 Mean 6
mean 15 6
5 62 18 39 13
range highest term lowest term 16 37 25
25 3 22
33. D. 5.5 Mean 30
7
median = 14 (the middle term) Median: average of the two middle
terms 42. B. 0
26. D. 5
56
median 5.5
Arrange from lowest to highest: {3, 2 f 0 0 sec 0 0
3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 11, 15}
34. B. 20 43. C. x
3 3 4 5 7 8 11 15
mean 7 Arrange from lowest to highest: {3,
g x tan x
8 7, 17, 19, 20, 21, 31, 43, 46}
Median: average of the two middle The median is the middle term g f x g f x
terms
tan f x
which is the 5th term.
57 median = 20
median 6
2
35. A. 300
tan tan 1 x
Mode: the most frequently occurring
term x
mode = 3 Arrange from lowest to highest: {29,
100, 200, 300, 450, 1029, 2001} 44. D. sqrt of (x^2 – 4x + 5)
5 (Answer) The median is the middle term
which is the 4th term. g x x2 1
median = 300
g f x g f x
27. C. 90
37. D. 90 x 2 4x 5
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46. D. sqrt of 2
END
f 2 cos 2 sin
2 2
2
47. C. 50th
49. B. 3%
k = 50 (50th percentile)
n = 11 (total number of terms)
k
i n 1
100
50
11 1
100
6
50. C. 11.5%
k = 25 (25th percentile)
n = 10 (total number of terms)
k
i n 1
100
25
10 1
100
2.75
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Cebu: JRT Bldg. Imus Ave, Cebu City | Davao: 2nd Fl. MERCO Bldg. Rizal St. cor. Bolton St. Math 05-01 to Math 05-04
Manila: CMFFI Bldg. R. Papa St. Sampaloc | Baguio: 4th Fl. De Guzman Bldg., Legarda Road Trigonometry
A. 5.67 21. A pole cast a shadow 15 m long when 25. The captain of a ship views the top of
B. 6.96 the angle of elevation of the sun is a lighthouse at an angle of 60° with
C. 6.34 61°. If the pole is leaned 15° from the the horizontal at an elevation of 6
D. 5.12 vertical directly towards the sun, meters above sea level. Five minutes
determine the length of the pole. later, the same captain of the ship
16. The area of a triangle is 8346 sq. m views the top of the same lighthouse
and two of its interior angles are A. 54.23 m at an angle of 30° with the horizontal.
37°25’ and 56°17’. What is the length B. 48.23 m Determine the speed of the ship if the
of the longest side? C. 42.44 m lighthouse is known to be 50 meters
D. 46.21 m above sea level.
A. 171.5 m
B. 181.5 m 22. If an equilateral triangle is A. 0.265 m/sec
C. 191.5 m circumscribed about a circle of radius B. 0.155 m/sec
D. 200.5 m 10 cm, determine the side of the C. 0.169 m/sec
triangle. D. 0.210 m/sec
17. In triangle ABC, angle C = 70°, A =
45°, AB = 40 m. What is the length of A. 34.64 cm END
the median drawn from vertex A to B. 64.12 cm
side BC? C. 36.44 cm
D. 32.10 cm
A. 36.3 m
B. 36.6 m 23. Points A and B 1000 m apart are
C. 36.9 m plotted on a straight highway running
D. 37.2 m East and West. From A, the bearing
of a tower C is 32° W of N and from
18. Simplify the following: B the bearing of C is 26° N of E.
cos A cos B sin A sin B Approximate the shortest distance of
tower C to the highway.
sin A sin B cos A cos B
A. 0 A. 364 m
B. sin A B. 374 m
C. 1 C. 384 m
D. cos A D. 394 m
19. An airplane can fly at an air speed of 24. The angle of elevation of the top of
300 mph. If there is a wind blowing tower B from the top of tower A is
towards the cast at 50 mph, what 28° and the angle of elevation of the
should be the plane’s compass top of tower A from the base of tower
heading in order for its course to be B is 46°. The two towers lie in the
30°? What will be the plane’s ground same horizontal plane. If the height of
speed if it flies in this course? tower B is 120 m, find the height of
tower A.
A. 19.7°, 307.4 mph
B. 20.1°, 309.4 mph A. 66.3 m
C. 21.7°, 321.8 mph B. 79.3 m
D. 22.3°, 319.2 mph C. 87.2 m
D. 90.7 m
20. The sides of a triangle are 195, 157
and 210, respectively. What is the
area of the triangle?
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Solutions: h 5. C. 125 m
tan 21
1. A. 39.49 100 x C
h (100 x ) tan 21 Eq .1
80° b=180
50 50-h h a=130
tan 32 x=?
x
50 c/2=95 c/2 A
h x tan 32 Eq .2 B
h c=190
By cosine law:
Equating Eq.1 to Eq.2:
(100 x ) tan 21 x tan 32 b 2 a 2 c 2 2 ac cos B
x x tan 32 180 2 130 2 190 2 - 2 (130 )(190 ) cos B
100 x x
80° 50°
50-h tan 21 B 65.35
50 100 x 1.6278 x
x 159.286 m By cosine law:
Thus :
x 2 a 2 ( c / 2 ) 2 - 2 a ( c / 2 ) cos B
50 x 100 259.286 m
tan 80 x 2 130 2 95 2 - 2 (130 )( 95) cos 65.35
x
4. B. 92.54 feet x 125 m
x 8.816 m
50 - h 6. A. 240
tan 50
x
b=30 a=16
50 - h h
tan 50
8.816
tan 50 ( 8.816 ) 50 - h c = 34
30° 40°
10.506 50 - h 50 x abc
h 39.49 m S
2
2. A. – cos A 16 30 34
h h S
sin 270 cos A 2
sin ( 270 - A ) 30 40
- sin A cos 270 x S 40
50 + x
sin ( 270 - A ) (-1) cos A - sin A ( 0 ) h
tan 40
A s ( s - a )( s - b )( s - c )
sin ( 270 - A ) - cos A x
A 40 ( 40 -16 )( 40 - 30 )( 40 - 34 )
h
3. A. 259.28 x Eq .1 A 240 square units
tan 40
h 7. D. 4 and 10
tan 30
h 50 x
h
x - 50 Eq .2
21° 32° tan 30
h1
100 x h2
Equate Eq.1 to Eq.2:
h h
- 50 b b
h h tan 40 tan 30
h1 b 3
21 32 1.19175 h 1.73205 h - 50
100 + x x h 92.54 ft . h2 b-3
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A 1 A 2 21 S 16 cm 75 75
d
1
bh 1
1
bh 2 21
tan 20 o
tan 30o
d 76.16
2 2 A s s - a s - b s - c
b ( b 3) b ( b - 3) 42 v
d
A 16 16 - 8 16 -10 16 -14 t
b 2 3 b b 2 - 3 b 42
A 39.19 cm 2 76.16 m 1 km 60 min
6 b 42 v
1 min 1000m 1 hr
b7
A rs v 4.57 kph
h 1 7 3 10 units
39.19 r (16 )
h 2 7 - 3 4 units 14. C. 8.53 units
r 2.45 cm
B
8. C. 19.95 m 10. D. incenter
11. B. hypotenuse/2
x
x 6
30°
12. A. 5.47
x x A
P
18 5
60° 60° 4
14 13 A C
x
10 10
9 In BCP, using cosine law:
By sine law: C 6 D E B 42 x 2 2(4)x cos 62
sin 30 sin ( 60 )
8x cos x 2 20 Eq.1
BE 13
10 18 In ΔACP, using cosine law:
sin sin AEB
4.158 42 x 2 2(4)x cos(60 ) 52
9 13
60 30 180
sin BAD sin AEB 8x cos(60 ) x 2 9
4.158 90 180 BE sin 8x cos 60cos sin 60sin x 2 9
85.842 9 sin BAD 4x cos 6.9282x sin x 2 9 Eq.2
6 14
By sine law: From Eq. 1:
sin sin ACD
sin 85.842 sin 30 15 BE x 2 20
14 x cos
x 10 sin CAE sin ACD 8
Then we have:
x 19.95 m 15 BE sin
1 2
14 sin CAE 4 8 x 20 x 2 9
9. C. 2.45 cm BE 15 BE
9 14 6.9282x sin
c = 14 BE 5.87 6.9282x sin 0.5x 2 1
a=8 0.25x 4 x 2 1
r 13. C. 4.57 sin 2
48x 2
From Eq. 1:
b = 10
x 2 20
abc cos
S 75 8x
2 x 40x 2 400
4
cos 2
8 10 14 30o 20o 64x 2
S
B sin 2 cos 2 1
2
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12 - a a b 17. A. 36.3 m
12 - b Vw 50
C
C B Vp 60°
a/2
A 9 70° 300
Vg Vg
A B C 60 o
b a/2
x =? B 60°
A B C 180 18. A. 0
37.416 56.283 C 180 cos A cos B sin A sin B a=195
x b=157
C 86.301 sin A - sin B cos A - cos B
(cos A cos B )(cos A - cos B )
By sine law: c=210
(sin A sin B )(sin A - sin B )
abc
sin 86.301 sin 37.416 x S
(sin A - sin B )(cos A - cos B ) 2
c a
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23. B. 374 m
195 157 210 Equating Eq.1 to Eq.2:
S
C
2 120 - h h
S 281 tan 28 tan 46
32°
tan 28
A s ( s - a )( s - b )( s - c ) d 120 - h h
A 281( 281-195 )( 281-157 )( 281- 210 ) 26° 58° tan 46
B A
1000 120 - h 0.513h
A 14 ,586.2 square units
h 79.31 m
21. A. 54.23 m 26 58 180
25. C. 0.169 m/sec
96
By sine law:
x sin 96 sin 58
h=44
15°
1000 BC
61° 60°
BC 852.719 m 30°
6
d
15 sin 26 S x
BC
61 90 15 180
d
14 sin 26
852.719 44 44
By sine law: d 852.719 (sin 26 ) 30 60
S+x x
d 374 m
sin 14 sin 61 44
tan 60
15 x 24. B. 79.3 m x
x 54.23 m x 25.4 m
120-h
22. A. 34.64 cm 28°
120 44
A 46° tan 30
h S 25.4
S 25.4 76.21
x x
S 50.81 m
x
S
r V
B C h t
30° 120-h
28° 46° 50.81
0.5x
x x V
Since equilateral triangle, A = B = C = 5( 60 )
60° 120 - h
tan 28 V 0.169 m / s
x
r
tan 30 120 - h
x Eq .1
0.5 x r
30 tan 28
10
tan 30 0.5x h
tan 46
0.5 x
x
x 34.64 cm
h
x Eq .2
tan 46
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Multiple Choice: 7. A circle with radius 6 cm has half its 13. Find the area of a regular pentagon
area removed by cutting off a border whose side is 25 m and apothem is
1. The volume of water in a spherical of uniform width. Find the width of 17.2 m.
tank having a diameter of 4 m is the border.
5.236 m3. Determine the depth of the A. 1075 m2
water in the tank. A. 1.76 cm B. 1085 m2
B. 1.35 cm C. 1080 m2
A. 1.0 C. 1.98 cm D. 1095 m2
B. 1.2 D. 2.03 cm
C. 1.4 14. How many sides are in a polygon if
D. 1.8 8. The area of a triangle inscribed in a each interior angle is 165 degrees?
circle is 39.19 cm2 and the radius of
2. Each side of a cube is increased by the circumscribed circle is 7.14 cm. If A. 12
1%. By what percent is the volume of the two sides of the inscribed triangle B. 24
the cube increased? are 8 cm and 10 cm, respectively, find C. 20
the third side. D. 48
A. 1.21 %
B. 2.8 % A. 11 cm 15. Given a sphere of diameter, d. What
C. 3.03 % B. 12 cm is the percentage increase in its
D. 3.5 % C. 13 cm volume when the surface area
D. 14 cm increases by 21 %?
3. Find the volume of a cone to be
constructed from a sector having a 9. The distance between the centers of A. 5%
diameter of 72 cm and a central angle the three circles which are mutually B. 10 %
of 150°. tangent to each other externally are C. 21 %
10, 12 and 14 units. The area of the D. 33 %
A. 15,533.32 cm3 largest circle is
B. 16,622.44 cm3 16. A regular triangular pyramid has an
C. 13,503.44 cm3 A. 72 altitude of 9 m and a volume of
D. 18,866.44 cm3 B. 23 187.06 cu. m. What is the base edge
C. 64 in meters?
4. The angle subtended by an arc is 24°. D. 16
If the radius of the circle is 45 cm, A. 12
find the length of arc. 10. A rhombus has diagonals of 32 and B. 13
20 inches. Determine its area. C. 14
A. 16.85 cm D. 15
B. 17.85 cm A. 360 in2
C. 18.85 cm B. 280 in2 17. The central angle of a spherical
D. 19.85 cm C. 320 in2 wedge is 1 radian. Find its volume if
D. 400 in2 its radius is 1 unit.
5. A certain angle has a supplement 5
times its complement. What is the 11. Find the area of a regular hexagon A. 2/3
angle? inscribed in a circle of radius 1. B. 1/2
C. 3/4
A. 67.5° A. 1.316 D. 2/5
B. 58.5° B. 2.945
C. 30° C. 2.598 18. The bases of a right prism are
D. 27° D. 3.816 hexagons with one of each side equal
to 6 cm. The bases are 12 cm apart.
6. How many diagonals are there in a 12. Determine the area of a regular 6-star What is the volume of the right
polygon of 20 sides? polygon if the inner regular hexagon prism?
has 10 cm sides.
A. 200 A. 1211.6 cm3
B. 170 A. 441.66 cm2 B. 2211.7 cm3
C. 100 B. 467.64 cm2 C. 1212.5 cm3
D. 158 C. 519.60 cm2 D. 1122.4 cm3
D. 493.62 cm2
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19. The bases of a right prism are 24. If the sides of a parallelogram and an
hexagons with one of each side equal included angle are 6, 10 and 100°,
to 6 cm. The bases are 12 cm apart. respectively, find the length of the
What is the volume of the right shorter diagonal.
prism?
A. 10.63
A. 1211.6 cm3 B. 10.37
B. 2211.7 cm3 C. 10.73
C. 1212.5 cm3 D. 10.23
D. 1122.4 cm3
25. Find the difference of the area of the
20. A conical vessel has a height of 24 square inscribed in a semi-circle
cm and a base diameter of 12 cm. It having a radius of 15 m. The base of
holds water to a depth of 18 cm above the square lies on the diameter of the
its vertex. Find the volume (in cm3) semi-circle.
of its content.
A. 171.5 cm2
A. 188.40 B. 172.5 cm2
B. 298.40 C. 173.5 cm2
C. 381.70 D. 174.5 cm2
D. 412.60
END
21. A circular piece of cardboard with a
diameter of 1 m will be made into a
conical hat 40 cm high by cutting a
sector off and joining the edges to
form a cone. Determine the angle
subtended by the sector removed.
A. 144°
B. 148°
C. 152°
D. 154°
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
A. 950
B. 965
C. 985
D. 995
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c 14 cm
V1 x 1
x1 6. B. 170
9. C. 64
V2
1.0303 n 20
V1 N n - 3 ( 20 - 3)
2 2
V2 1.0303 V1
N 170 diagonals r1
Thus, V2 is increased by 3.03%
r2
7. A. 1.76 cm r1
3. C. 13,503.44 cm3
r2
r3
r3
x
r
r r
r r R
= 150 h
r1 r2 12 Eq .1
C x
r2 r3 10 Eq .2
Note:
Let:
Since half of the area was removed, then r1 r3 14 Eq .3
C1 = circumference of the circle
the area (A) left is also one-half of the
C2 = circumference of the base of the cone Subtract Eq.3 by Eq.2:
total area.
C = length of arc of the sector
C C1 - C 2 ( r1 r3 ) - ( r2 r3 ) 14 -10
1 1
r 2 r - 2 x A R 2 6 2 18
r1 - r2 4 Eq.4
2 2
But “A” is also equal to the area of the
36 150 x
2 ( 36 ) - 2 ( x ) Add Eq.4 and Eq.1:
small circle.
180
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( r1 r2 ) ( r1 - r2 ) 10 4 Let:
Ah = area of the hexagon
2 r1 16
At = area of triangle
r1 8
r2 12 - 8 4 1 1
x =10 At bh 25 (17.2 ) 215 m 2
r3 10 - 4 6 2 2
60°
A 5 A t 5 ( 215 ) 1075 m 2
Let: A = area of the largest circle
Let: 14. B. 24
A r1 2 (8) 2 64 A1 = area of the hexagon
A2 = area of the triangle (n - 2)(180 )
10. C. 320 in2 A = total area
n
x (n - 2)(180 )
165
n
x d2 d1 165n 180n - 360
x
15n 360
n 24 sides
x
x = 10
180 180 15. D. 33 %
1 1 30
A d1 d 2 ( 32 )( 20 ) 320 in 2
2 2 n 6
2
6 (10 )
11. C. 2.598 A1 259.8 cm 2
4 tan 30 A1
A2 = 1.21A1
x = 10 2 3
V A
2 2
V A
60 1 1
r 3/2
r 1.21 A
3/2
V2 A
By inspection, the triangle must be
2 1
equilateral.
V1 A 1 A1
Let:
Atotal = area of the hexagon 1 1 V2
A2 x 2 sin 60 (10 ) 2 sin 60 1.331
At = area of triangle
2 2 V1
360 A 2 43.3
60 V2 1.331 V1
A A1 6 A 2
6 Thus, V2 is increased by 33.1%
A 259.8 6 ( 43.3)
1 16. A. 12
A t r 2 sin A 519.6 cm 2
2
13. A. 1075 m2
1
1 2 sin 60 h=9
2
A t 0.433 x x
A total 6 A t
6 ( 0.433) h x
A total 2.598 Note: = 60°, since equilateral triangle.
1 1 1
b=25 V Bh x 2 sin h
12. C. 519.60 cm2
3 3 2
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C x
x=6
Let: x r2 -h2
A = area of one base
r x = length of each side of the base
x 50 2 - 40 2
nx 2 x 30
R 3 A
V
4 tan C1 = circumference of the circle
270 o
180 180 C2 = circumference of the base of the
180 30 cone
(1) 3 1 rad x
n 6 C = length of arc
180
V
270 270 ( 6 )( 6 ) 2 C C1 - C 2
2 A
V cubic units 4 tan 30 C 2 r - 2 x
3 C 2 ( 50 ) - 2 ( 30 )
A 93.53 cm 2
C 40
18. D. 1122.4 cm3 V Ah
V 93.53(12 ) C r
V 1122.4 cm 3
40 ( 50 )
40 180
h=12 20. C. 381.70 x
50
6 144
x=6 r 22. B. 2
Let: h1 = 24 .
A = area of one base h2 = 18
x = length of each side of the base 5
5000
nx 2 5
A By ratio & proportion:
4 tan
180 180 6 r
30 5
tan
n 6 24 18 5000
r 4.5 5
tan -1
( 6 )( 6 ) 2 5000
A 1
4 tan 30 V r 2 h 2 0.0573
3 2 2(0.0573)
A 93.53 cm 2
1 2 0.1146
V Ah V ( 4.5 ) 2 (18 )
3 6400 mils
V 93.53(12 ) 2 0.1146 x
V 381.7 cm 3 360
V 1122.4 cm 3 2 2.037 mils
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23. D. 995
Cr
2 rad
C 300 190 x
360
C 995 cm
24. C. 10.73
6 100° d
100°
10
By cosine law:
d 2 6 2 10 2 - 2 ( 6 )(10 ) cos 80
d 10.73
r =15 x
x/2 x/2
2
x
r x
2 2
2
15 2 1.25 x 2
x 13.416
Let:
A1 = area of the semi-circle
A2 = area of the square
A = difference of A1 and A2
A A1 - A 2
1 1
A r 2 - x 2 (15 ) 2 - (13.416 ) 2
2 2
A 173.44
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Manila: CMFFI Bldg. R. Papa St. Sampaloc | Baguio: 4th Fl. De Guzman Bldg., Legarda Road Analytic Geometry
Multiple Choice: 7. An earth satellite has an apogee of 13. What is the length of the latus rectum
40,000 km and a perigee of 6,600 km. of 4x2 + 9y2 + 8x – 32 = 0?
1. Which of the following lines is Assuming that the radius of the earth
parallel to the line 3x – 2y + 6 = 0? as 6,400 km, what will be the A. 2.5
eccentricity of the elliptical path B. 2.7
A. 3x + 2y – 12 = 0 described by the satellite with the
B. 4x – 9y = 6 center of the earth at one of the foci? C. 2.3
C. 12x + 18y = 15 D. 2.9
D. 15x – 10y – 9 = 0 A. 0.46
B. 0.49 14. Given a parabola ( y – 2 )2 = - 8(x –
2. What is the equation of the line C. 0.52 1). What is the equation of its
joining the points (3,-2) and (-7, 6)? D. 0.56 directrix?
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19. A line passes thru (1,-3) and (-4, 25. How far from the y-axis is the center
2).What is the equation of the line in of the curve 2x2 + 2y2 + 10x – 6y –
slope-intercept form? 55 = 0?
A. (-1,1)
B. (-2,-1)
C. (-1,-2)
D. (1,-1)
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 2
A. circle
B. parabola
C. ellipse
D. hyperbola
A. Circle
B. Ellipse
C. Parabola
D. Hyperbola
A. 3x + y – 1 = 0
B. 3x – y + 1 = 0
C. x + 3y + 1 = 0
D. x – 3y – 1 = 0
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2 2 a
Since parallel: m2 = m1 a
3 5
From the choices, (y -1) 2 - x - 6,600
2 2 Satellite
15 x -10 y - 9 0
3 5
3 9 (y -1) 2 - x
y x- 2 3 c c
2 10
Standard equation:
By inspection, m2 = 3/2
(y - k) 2 -4a(x - h)
2. C. 4x + 5y = 2 40,000
By inspection, h = - 5/3 and k = 1, 12,800
thus the vertex is at (-5/3, 1)
Using two-point form: 2a 40, 000 12,800 6, 600
y 2 - y1 a 29, 700
y - y1 ( x - x1 ) 5. A. 2, 8
x 2 - x1 c a - (6, 600 6, 400)
62 y 2 8x - 6y 25 0 c 29, 700 - (6, 600 6, 400)
y2 ( x - 3) c 16, 700
y 2 - 6y -8x - 25
-7 - 3
c
8 e
y2 ( x - 3) By completing square: a
-10 (y - 3)2 -8x - 25 (3) 2 16, 700
e
-10 y - 20 8 x - 24 (y - 3)2 -8x -16 29, 700
8 x 10 y - 4 0 (y - 3)2 -8(x 2) e 0.56
4x 5y-2 0
Standard equation: 8. A. 1.80
3. B. 4 (y - k) 2 -4a(x - h)
9x 2 - 4y 2 - 36x 8y 4
Given line 1: 4 x - 3 y -12 0 By inspection, 4a = 8 thus, a = 2 9(x 2 - 4x) - 4(y 2 - 2y) 4
A 4; B - 3; C 1 -12 Focal length = a = 2
Given line 2 : 4 x - 3 y 8 0 Length of latus rectum = 4a = 8 By completing square:
A 4; B - 3; C 2 8 6. D. 6 9(x - 2)2 - 4(y -1) 2 4 9(2) 2 - 4(1) 2
C 2 - C1 a
9(x - 2)2 - 4(y -1) 2 36
d b
(x - 2)2 (y -1) 2
A 2 B2 c
- 1
4 9
8 - (-12 ) Standard equation:
d
2a 10 (x h)2 (y k) 2
4 2 (-3) 2 1
a2 b2
20 a 5
d
2b 8
5 By inspection, a 2 4 thus, a = 2 .
d 4 units b4
Also, b2 9 thus, b = 3 .
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2 x y -8 0
y -2 x 8 Thus the point is at (3, -3)
c m 1 -2 12. A. 2x – 3y = 0
b c
b x 3y 4 0
a
a x 2 y2
y - x-
1 4 - 1
9 4
3 3 x 2 y2
m 2 -1 / 3 Standard equation: - 1
Solving for c a 2 b2
Let: By inspection:
c a 2 b2 4 9 3.605 = angle between the two lines a2 9
m -m
a=3
tan -1
Solving for e: 2 1 m = +b/a
c 3.605 1 m m b 4
2
e 1.8 1 2
b
a 2 b=2
-1 / 3 - (-2 ) a
tan -1 45
9. D. (11, -20) 1 (-2 )(-1 / 3)
m = -b/a
11. C. (3, -3)
Equation of the asymptotes of a
P1(-1,4) hyperbola with center at (0,0):
b
r1 = d y x
a
P(2,-2) 2
(x,y)
d3
(6,-1) y x
3
r2 = 3d 2x - 3y 0 or
d1
d2 2x 3y 0
P2(x2,y2)
(1,-6) (5,-6) 13. B. 2.7
x 1 r2 x 2 r1
x d1 d 2 4x 2 9y 2 8x - 32 0
r1 r2 4(x 2 2x) 9y 2 32
x -1 2 y 6 2 x - 5 2 y 6 2
-1 3d x 2 d
2 x -1 2 y 6 2 x - 5 2 y 6 2 By completing square:
d 3d
4(x 1)2 9y 2 32 4(1) 2
-3 d d x 2 x 2 - 2 x 1 x 2 -10 x 25
2 4(x 1)2 9y 2 36
8 x 24
4d
x3 (x 1)2 y 2
x 2 11 1
9 4
Standard equation:
y 1 r2 y 2 r1 d2 d3 (x - h)2 (y - k)2
y 1
r1 r2 x - 5 2 y 6 2 x - 6 2 y 1 2 a2 b2
4 3d y 2 d x - 5 2 y 6 2 x - 6 2 y 1 2 By inspection, a 2 9 thus, a = 3 .
-2
d 3d Substitute x = 3: Also, b2 4 thus, b = 2 .
12 d d y 2 x - 5 2 y 6 2 x - 6 2 y 1 2 2b 2 2(4)
-2 LR 2.667
a 3
4d 3- 5 2 y 6 2 3- 6 2 y 1 2
y 2 -20 14. B. x = 3
4 y 2 12 y 36 9 y 2 2 y 1
(y - 2) 2 -8(x -1)
10. C. 45° 10 y -30
Standard equation:
y -3
(y - k) 2 -4a(x - h)
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By inspection, the vertex is at (1, 2). Solving for distance between (-2,3) 19. B. y = -x - 2
Also 4a = 8, thus a = 2. and (3,8):
P1 (1,-3) x 1 1 and y 1 -3
d (x 2 - x1 ) (y 2 - y1 )
2 2
P2 (-4, 2 ) x 2 -4 and y 2 2
Directrix
V(1,2) d (3 2) (8 - 3)
2 2
F Using two point form:
d 7.071 y 2 - y1
a=2
y - y1 x - x1
Let: x = shortest distance x 2 - x1
x d - r 7.071- 5 2.071 23
y3 ( x -1)
From figure, the equation of 17. C. r = 6 cos -4 -1
the directrix is, x = 3. y 3 -1( x -1)
Standard equation:
y 3 - x 1
15. B. x – 14y + 12x + 61 = 0
2 (x - h) 2 (y - k) 2 r 2
y -x-2
a x 2 y 2 6x r2 = 2/5
F(7,-4)
P(x,y)
Refer to the triangle: r
y
By inspection, 2a = 6 and a = 3 x 2 y2 r 2
The coordinates of the vertex is at x r cos x r1 = 3/5
(7,-1).
x 2 y 2 6x
Standard equation:
r 2 6( r cos ) P1(2,-5)
(x - h) 2 -4a(y - k)
r 6 cos
x 1 r2 x 2 r1
Substituting: x
18. A. 47.1
(x - 7) 2 -4(3)(y 1) r1 r2
x -14x 49 -12y -12
2
Note: This is an equation of an 2 2 / 5 -3 3 / 5
ellipse x
x -14x 12y 61 0
2
3 / 5 ( 2 / 5)
9x 25y 225
2 2
x -1
16. A. 2.1
2 2
x y
1 y 1 r2 y 2 r1
x 2 y 2 4 x - 6 y 12 25 9 y
By completing square: x2 y2 r1 r2
2 1
( x 2 ) 2 ( y - 3) 2 12 ( 2 ) 2 ( 3) 2 (5) 2
(3)
-5 2 / 5 5 3 / 5
( x 2 ) 2 ( y - 3) 2 25 or ( 5) 2 x 2 y2 y
Standard equation: 2 2 1 3 / 5 2 / 5
By inspection, the center is at (-2, 3) a b
and the radius, r = 5. y 1
By inspection, a = 5 and b = 3
(3,8) 21. A. 3
A ab
C(-2,3) d A (5)(3) Given line 2 x - 3 y 6 0
A 47.12 square units
-4 -2 At x = 0:
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22. D. hyperbola
23. C. Parabola
24. B. 3x – y + 1 = 0
As given : m 3; b 1
y mx b
y 3x 1
3x - y 1 0
2 x 2 2 y 2 10 x - 6 y - 55 0
x 2 y 2 5 x - 3 y - 27.5 0
By completing square:
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D. y” is positive
A.
B. 1/
C. 2
D. 1/2
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3x 2 2x 1 3 2 1
2
5. A. 44 %
lim
x x 2 x 1 2 1
indeterminate form H-h
r
H
r 2 h h
Apply L’Hospital’s Rule V
3
r 3.75 R
d
dx
3x 2 2x 1
6x 2
h 15
Let:
R = radius of the cone
h
2x 1 r
d 2
dx
x x 1 4
H = height of the cone
r = radius of the inscribed cylinder
V
r 2 h h h h 3
2
h = height of the inscribed cylinder
Let x V = volume of cylinder
3 3 16 48
6 2
indeterminate form dV dh V r 2 h Eq.1
2 1 3 h 2
dt 48 dt
dV By ratio and proportion:
4 2
2
Apply L’Hospital’s Rule:
dt 16 R r
d
6x 2 6 dV H H-h
dx 3 6.28 m3 / min .
d dt Hr RH - Rh
2x 1 2 RH - Hr
dx h Eq.2
4. A. 125.50 R
r
Calculator Shortcut: Using Casio
FX570ES+ V r 2 h Substitute Eq.2 in Eq.1:
h
108 r 2 h RH - Hr r 3H
Assign a value of 'x' very close to . V r 2 r 2 H -
108 R
3x 2 2x 1 h 2 Eq.1 R
CALC x 9999999 r
x2 x 1
3
A 2rh 2 r 2 Eq.2 Differentiate:
dV 3r 2 H
2rH -
Substitute Eq.1 in Eq. dr R
2. A. y = - x + 2
108 3r 2 H
At x 1, y 1
A2 r
2
2 r 2 0 2rH -
R
r
y x 3 2x 2 2 216 3r 2 H
A 2r 2 Eq.3 2 r H
R
x 2x 2 2 x 1
dy d 3 r
2
dx dx r R
Differentiate 3
Calculating :
dA -216
dy 2 4pr
1 dr r Substitute r in Eq.2:
dx -216 R H - H(2 / 3 R ) 1
So, y y1 m x x1 0 2 4pr h H
r R 3
y 1 1 x 1 216
4pr
y x 2 r2 Substitute r and h in Eq.1:
2
r3
216 2 1 4
3. 3
B. 6.28 m /min V R H R2H
4p 3 3 27
r 2.58 in
Let: VC = volume of the cone
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x
2
Differentiate both sides with respect to t:
2
13.75
8. C. 3.71 m
dS dt
2S 0 32t Substituting:
dt dt
dS 16t 3
Eq.2 d du
dt S
dx 1 u 2
2.5 du
Substitute t = 10 in Eq.1: 0
1 u2
S2 10,0000 16(10)2 1.5
0 du
S 107.7 m
x 0
x 2
13.75 3 3 x 2x
Substitute t = 10 and S = 107.7 in Eq.2:
x
2
2
13.75
dS 16(10)
1.485 m/s 5.5
dt 107.7 2x 2 x 2 13.75
+ 2.5
x 2 13.75
7. B. 592.59 cu in. x x
x 3.708
x 5.5
tan
20-2x x
x x 9. C. 4
tan tan 5.5
r = 10
20-2x 20 1 tan tan x
2.5
tan
x 5.5
x x x
2.5 x
1 tan
x x 2
20 V (3r x)
13.75 3
2.5 x tan 5.5 tan
x x 2
x V 3(10) x
3
20-2x x 3
V 10x 2
20-2x 3
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Manila: CMFFI Bldg. R. Papa St. Sampaloc | Baguio: 4th Fl. De Guzman Bldg., Legarda Road Differential Calculus
Differentiating both sides with respect to t: Apply L’Hopital’s rule again: where:
u x2
dV 3x 2 dx 1 cos x cos x
20x lim du = 2x
dt 3 dt x 0 x2 2
v=x+1
1 cos x cos 0
dV
dt
20x x 2
dx
dt
Eq.1
lim
x 0 x2 2 v 2 = (x + 1) 2
1 cos x 1 dv = 1
lim
Substituting dV/dt = 3 and dx/dt = x 0 x2 2
(x 1)(2x) - x 2 (1)
0.0149 in Eq.1: y'
12. D. 6x + 3 (x 1) 2
3 20x x 2
0.0149 y (x 1) - x3 3 y'
2x 2 2x - x 2
201.342 20x x 2 (x 1) 2
64 20x x 2 2x 2 2x - x 2
Note: d(u) n nu n-1 du y'
(x 1) 2
x 2 20x 64 0 y ' 3(x 1) 2 (1) - 3(x) 2 (1)
x 2 2x
(x 4)(x 16) 0 y ' 3(x 1) 2 - 3(x) 2 y'
(x 1) 2
x 4 cm or y ' 3(x 2 2x 1) - 3x 2
x = 16 cm 15. –1 1/4
y ' 3x 2 6x 3- 3x 2
10. B. 2/5 y ' 6x 3
x3
x2 1 y=
4
- 2x +1
lim 2 13. A. – 1
x 1 x 3x 4
Note: slope = y’
Substitute x = 1: y sin 1 cos x
(1)2 -1 0 Differentiating and substituting x = 1:
Lim 1 , in det erminate
(1) 3(1) - 4 0
Note: d sin -1 u du
y'
1
(3x 2 ) - 2
1- u 2
Using L’Hopital’s rule, differentiate 4
where:
separately the numerator and u cos x 1
y ' (3)(1) 2 - 2
denominator and substitute the value of 4
u 2 cos2 x
limit to the variable 1
du = - sin x y ' -1
x2 1 2x 4
lim 2
x 1 x 3x 4 2x 3
-sin x
x2 1 2(1) y' 16. B. x = 2y
lim 2 1- cos2 x
x 1 x 3x 4 2(1) 3
-sin x x 2 y2 1
x2 1 2 y'
lim 2 sin 2 x
x 1 x 3x 4 5
-sin x Let: m1 = slope of the given curve
y'
11. B. 1/2 sin x
Differentiating and substituting x = 2 &
y ' -1 y = 1:
1- cos x
Lim
x 0 x2 x 2 2x 2x 2yy ' 0
14. A.
x 1
2
1- cos 0 0 x
Lim , indeterminate y' -
(0)2 0 2 y
x
Apply L’Hopital’s rule & substitute x = y 2
0:
x 1 y' -
1
sin x
Lim u vdu udv y' -2
2x Note: d
v v2 m1 - 2
sin 2(0) 0
Lim , indeterminate
2(0) 0
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Since the line is normal to the curve at Differentiating using the following
the given point, the slope (m2) of the line formula:
is equal the negative reciprocal of the du
slope of the given curve. d L1
1 u dx 8
m2 - dx 2 u x 15 - x
m1
dL 2x 2 15 x 1
1
m2 - dx 2 64 x 2 144 15 x
2 2
15 12
-2 L2
1
m2 Equating to zero to obtain minimum
2
condition:
Using point slope form:
y - y1 m(x - x1 ) 2x 2 15 x 1 Using two similar triangles, by ratio and
0
proportion:
2 64 x 2 144 15 x
2 2
1
y -1 (x - 2)
2 15 x x x 15 x
2y - 2 x - 2
144 (15 x) 2
64 x 2 8 12
x 2y 12x 120 8x
144 15 x
2
15 x 20x 120
17. B. y” = 0
x 64 x 2 x6m
18. B. second Squaring both sides:
20. B. 72
144 15 x
2 2
19. C. 4 m from the lower post 15 x
x 18t 9t 2
x 64 x 2
Let: x = distance from lower post to
stake 15 x 2 64 x 2 x 2 144 15 x 2 Since velocity is the first derivative of
the distance, differentiating the above
15 x 2 64 equation with respect to time:
L2 144x 2 15 x 2 x 2
12 15 x x
2 2
L1 dx
18 18t
8 15 x 64 144x
2 2 dt
x 15 - x V 18 18t
144x 2
15 x 2
64 When t = 3:
15
Extracting the square root on both sides: V 18 18(3)
Total length of cable used, L is: 12x
15 x V 72
8
L L1 L2 Eq. 1
120 8x 12x 21. B. 1/pi
Solving for L1 using Pythagorean 120 20x
A r 2
theorem: x6
dA dr
2r Eq. 1
Alternate solution: dt dt
L1 82 x 2 dA dr
From given 2 . Substituting in
Create a mirror image of the longer post. dt dt
Solving for L2 using Pythagorean theorem: The cable connecting the top of shorter Eq 1
post to the stake then to the top of longer dr dr 1
2 2r r
L2 12 15 x
2 2 post must be a straight line (minimum dt dt
distance between two points).
22. D. 8.7964 cu. m/min
Substituting the values of L1 & L2 in Eq. 1:
L 82 x 2 122 15 x
2
L 64 x 2 144 15 x
2
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12 1 1
V x 2 y x 2 x 12x x 3
x 4 4
1
V ' 12 3x 2 0
4
x4
12 1
h y (4) 2
4 4
V (4)(4)(2) 32
4m 25. A. 4
Volume of water in cylinder, V is:
V r 2 h
V r 2 h 16 r 2 h
V 2 h
2 h 16r 2
V 4h
A 2rh 2r 2 2 16r 1 r 2
Differentiating with respect to time: dA
2 16r 2 2r 4r 2 8 r 3
dr
dV dh
4 dA dA
dt dt 0 for 0 < r < 2 and 0 for r > 2
dr dr
The minimum surface area of the can
dh
Substituting 0.7 is when r = 2 and h = 4
dt
dV
4 0.7
dt
dV
8.7964
dt
23. D. 2
ln e2x 2x
d
dx
ln e2x d
dx
(2x) 2
24. C. 32
x
x
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(x + 1)
B. 2.3 xdx
9. Evaluate 8
. A. 1
C. 4.5
D. 6.5
0 B. 1/2
C. 0
A. 0.011 D. 1/3
4. Find surface area generated by B. 0.022
revolving the curve a 2 y = x 3 about the C. 0.033 16. Find the area in the first quadrant
x-axis from x = 0 to x = a. D. 0.044 bounded by the parabola y2 = 4x, x =
1&x=3
A. 4.45a 2 10. Find the moment of inertia, with
respect to x-axis of the area bounded A. 9.555
B. 1.19a 2
by the parabola y2 = 4x and the line x B. 9.955
C. 7.89a 2 = 1. C. 5.955
D. 3.56a 2 D. 5.595
A. 2.03
x sin xdx .
B. 2.13 17. Locate the centroid of the plane area
5. Evaluate
C. 2.33 bounded by the equation y2 = 4x, x =
D. 2.53 1 and the x-axis on the first quadrant.
A. –xcosx + sinx
B. – xcosx + cosx 6
A. (3/4, 3/5)
x(x − 5)
12
C. –xsinx + sinx 11. Evaluate dx . B. (3/5, 3/4)
D. –xsinx + cosx 5
C. (3/5, 3/5)
D. (3/5, 2/3)
A. 0.456
sin
3
6. Integrate xdx . B. 0.556
C. 0.656
1 D. 0.756
A. − cos x + cos3 x + C
3
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A. 12.74
B. 11.65
C. 14.98
D. 13.61
21. Evaluate x 4x 2 + 9dx
0
A. 3.35
B. 4.57
C. 5.33
D. 8.17
A. 20.804 kJ
B. 21.055 kJ
C. 22.810 kJ
D. 23.475 kJ
23. Evaluate
8xyzdV,
B
B = 2,3 x 1, 2 x 0,1
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2 x = − ( y − 2)
2
1. A. a
vertex : ( 0, 2 )
udv = uv − vdu
2 u=x
Point of intersection: du = dx
x 2 = − y + 2 and x = y
dv = sin x
x 2 = −x + 2 v = − cos x
x2 + x − 2 = 0
0
x = 1, y = 1 ; x = −2, y = −2 x sin xdx = −x cos x + cos xdx
So the points of intersection are (1,1) and = − x cos x + sin x + C
(-2, -2)
1
(y − y1 ) dx
A= Reverse Engineering:
2
−2
CALC given:
A = 8
1 2
r d
1
x sin x → CALC → 0.1 → = 1.7453 10−4
(2 − x − x ) dx
4
0 2 A= 2
−2
A = 4 4 ( a cos 2 ) d
2
9 Differentiate choices:
0 A=
2 Take choice − x cos x + sin x
2
A = 4a 2 4 ( cos 2 ) d =
2
a d
0 2 4. D. 3.56a 2 −x cos x + sin x x =0.1 = 1.7453 10−4
dx
2. C. 7.92
1
x=a 6. A. − cos x + cos3 x + C
y=x 2 3
y
y sin
3
xdx = ( sin x ) ( sin 2 x ) dx
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7. C. 37.7 Let:
y4
2
u=x
du = dx
Ix = 2 y2 −
0
4
dy
dv = (x+1)-8dx y3 y5
2
y=4 Ix = 2 −
(x + 1) −7
v= 4 4(5) 0
−7
(2)3 (2)5
Ix = 2 −
1
y
(x + 1)
−8
xdx = uv − vdu 4 20
dx x=3 0
I x = 2.13
( x + 1)−7 ( x + 1)
−7
43
V = 2 x − x + 4 dx = x
−7
−
−7
dx 11. A. 0.456
0
3
Calculating : −x
1
= + (x + 1) −7 dx
6
x ( x − 5)
12
V = 37.7 7(x + 1)7 7 dx
1 ( x + 1)
−6 5
−x
Solution 2: = + Note: udv = uv − vdu
7 ( x + 1) 7 −6
7
Let:
1 u=x
4 −x 1
y = − x+4
( x + 1)
−6
= −
3
7 ( x + 1)
7
42 0
du = dx
dv = (x-5)12 dx
1 (1 + 1) −6
y=4 −1 0 (x − 5)13
= − − v=
7 (1 + 1) 7(0 + 1) 42 − ( 0 + 1)−6
7 7
13
x=3 = 0.022 x ( x − 5 )13
1 6
V = Bh
x ( x − 5) dx =
12
13
3 10. B. 2.13 1
( )
( x − 5) dx
13
−
V = ( 33 ) ( 4 )
5
1
13
3 y = 4x
2
6
V = 37.7 x
13 ( x − 5 )
At x = 1, x = 2 13
Thus, the parabola and the line intersect
8. A. sec θ + C at points (1,2) and (1,-2). = ( x − 5 )14
− 1
sin 13 14
cos 2
d = tan sec d (1,2) 5
dy
6 5
13 ( 6 − 5 ) − 13 ( 5-5 )
= sec + C x 13 13
y
(0,0) =
Reverse Engineering: − 1 ( 6-5 )14 − ( 5 − 5 )14
182
CALC given: 6
y2 = 4x
x ( x − 5)
12
sin x (1,-2) dx = 0.456
→ CALC → 0.1 → = 0.10084
cos2 x 5
x= 1
Differentiate choices:
12. D. ln 2
Take choice sec + C 2 2
I x = 2 y dA = 2 y (xdy)
2 2
d −10
sec x x =0.1 = 0.10084
x+2
0 0 dx
dx 2
−6
I x = 2 y 2 (x L − x P ) dy
9. B. 0.022 du
0 Note: u
= In u
y
2 2
I x = 2 y 2 1 −
1
dy
xdx
= (x + 1) −8 xdx 4
0
(x + 1)8 0
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= ln( −8) − ln( −4) 6
A • x = ydx • x
1
−8 = 0
= ln = ln 2 3 1
−4
16. D. 5.595
= (2 x )dx • x
0
13. C. 0.0417 1
/2
= 2 x 3/2 dx
( )
sin 5 x cos3 x dx 0
1
0 -y x 5/2
Using Wallis formula: m = 5; n = 3; and (0,0) = 2
= 1, since both m & n are odd numbers 5/ 2 0
dx
4 _ 4 5/2
x = (1)
3 5
/2
x= 4
sin 5 x cos3 x dx
x= 1 _
3
0 x=
(5 − 1)(5 − 3)(3 − 1) 5
= • (1) y2 = 4x
8(6)(4)(2) 1 1
y 2 = 4x
= 0.0417 y 1 2
A • y = ydx • = y dx
2 20
y=2 x 0
14. B. 1 1
1
3 3 A•y = (4x)dx
20
e
A = ydx = 2
ln x dx xdx
1
1 1
1 4x 2
1
3 =
dx 2x 3/2 4 3/2 2 2
Let: u = ln x; du = ; dv = dx; v = x = = x 0
x 3/ 2 3 1
4_
e y = (1) 2
3
4
ln x dx = uv − vdu
1
= (3)3/2 − (1)3/2
3 _
3
A = 5.595 square units y=
dx
4
= (ln x)(x) − x
x 17. B. (3/5, 3/4)
e Thus, the center is at point (3/5, 3/4).
= x ln x − x 1
y 2 = 4x
= e ( ln e ) − e − 1(ln1) − 1 18. C. 96 J
at x = 1, y = 2
=1 F = 3x
Thus, the parabola and the line intersect •
15. D. 1/3 O 8m A
at points (1, 2) and (1,-2).
cos u cos u
r2 Work = Force x distance
0 0
r sin udrdu =
0
2 0
sin u du (1,2)
Since the force varies with distance, use
( cos ) sin u du
1 integration:
= 2
u −0 2
(0,0) y
2 8
0
dx W = Fdx
1 x= 1
=− cos 2 u(− sin u)du 0
20
y2 = 4x 8
(1,-2)
1 cos3 u W = 3xdx
=−
2 3 0
0
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2
dy
Integrating: Solving for : 22. B. 21.055 kJ
dx
3 (8)
2 8 2 2 After lifting the load x meters, the total
W=
3x
= −
3(0) y = x2 mass of the cable left in the shaft as well
2 0
2 2 dy = 2xdx as the load is:
W = 96 N - m 1 x
dy
= 2x (50 − x) + 150 = 175 −
W = 96 J dx 2 2
d2 y
19. A. 3375 N-cm = 4x 2 Note: Weight in kg is:
dx Weight = mass(g) g = 9.8 m/s2
Substituting in the formula:
The force required to hold the cable and
2
load a distance of x meters above the
A = 2
1 + 4x 2 xdx bottom is:
0 x
2 F(x) = 9.8 175 −
2
(1 = 4x )
1 1
A = 2 2 2
8xdx F(x) = 1715 − 4.9x
8
0
F 12.5
x A= 0
4 3 12.5
6 W = 1715x − 2.45x 2
2 0
0
W = Fdx → Eq. 1 W = 21054.69 J = 21.055 kJ
3 Substituting limits:
Using Hooke’s law: 2
3
23. D. 15
( )
2 2 3
A= 1 + 4 2 − 1 + 4(0)
2 2
F = kx
12
750 = k ( 3)
2 3 1
k = 250
A = 13.61 sq. units
B
8xyzdV =
8xyzdzdxdy
1 2 0
1
21. D. 8.17 2 3 2 3
F = 250x 2 =
4xy dxdy =
4xydxdy
x 4x + 9dx
2
1 2 0 1 2
6 6
x2
3
W= 250xdx = 250 0 2 2
3
2 3
Let:
u = 4x 2 + 9
= 2x 2 y dy = 10ydy = 15
( )
1 2 1
W = 125 6 − 3 2 2
du = 8xdx
W = 3375 N-cm 2 2 24. B. 4
1
x 4x + 9dx =
2
4x + 9(8xdx)
2 The cross sections are disks with radius r
20. D. 13.61 8 1
0 0 = y where y = 9 − x2
y 3 3
u du = 3 + C
1 u 2
3 3
9 (9 − x ) dx
But 2
1
V = y 2dx = 2 2
2 −3 0
2 3
2 1 3
( )
3
V= 9x − x = 4
1 4x + 9
2 2 2
9 3 0
x 4x 2 + 9dx =
8 3
0
x 2 0 25. D. ½ ln 3
2
3
1 1
1 4(2) + 9
2 2
ave value =
2
dx
x 4x + 9dx =
2 2 x
3 1
12
x= - 4(0) 2 + 9
2
3
0 1 1 1
= ln x = (ln 3 − ln1) = ln 3
dy
2 = 8.17 2 2 2
1
A= 1 + 2xdx END
dx
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Multiple Choice: dy u 2 u u
6. The solution to the DE + 2y = 1 , C. = c2 2 +
dt t x x
1. Find the general solution of the y(0) = 1, is
equation sin xy '+ cos xy = lnx u 2u
D. = c2 2
1 −2t 1 t x
A. y = csc x(x ln x − x + C) A. y= e +
2 2
y = cos x(x ln x − x + C) x
B.
B.
1 −2t
y= e 11. Given x 2 z − 2yz 2 + xy = 0 . Find
C. y = csc x(x ln x + x + C) 2 z
at (1,1,1).
D. y = cos x(x ln x + x + C) C.
1 −2t 1
y= e −
2 2 A. 0
2. Find the integrating factor of 1 −2t –1
D. y = e −1 B.
( y2 − x ) dx + 2ydy = 0. 2 C. 1
D. 4/3
7. Find the particular solution
A. x2 y"− y '− 2y = sin 2x . 12. A tank contains 40L of solution
B. e− x containing 2 g of substance per liter.
2
C. ex 3 1 Salt water containing 3 g of this
A. yp = − sin ( 2x ) + cos ( 2x ) substance per liter runs in at the rate
D. ex 20 20
3 1 of 4 L/min and the well-stirred
B. y p = − sin ( x ) + cos ( 2x ) mixture runs out at the same rate.
3. A population of bacteria grows at a 2 2
rate proportional to the number Find the time for the amount of
1 3
present. After two hours, the C. y p = − sin ( 2x ) + cos ( 2x ) substance in the tank becomes 111.1
20 20 g.
population has tripled. After two
1 3
more hours elapsed, the population D. y p = − sin ( 2x ) + cos ( 3x )
will have increased by a factor of k. 20 20 A. 15 min
What is the value of k? B. 37 min
8. The following equation C. 32 min
D. 25 min
A. 9 y2 x2
B. 6 y2 u xx − 2xyu xy + x 2 u yy − ux + uy
x y 13. Determine the order and degree of the
C. 8 is _______.
D. 7 differential equation
3
d4 y dy
A. cyclic 2x + 5x 2 − xy = 0 .
4. Solve the DE y '− xy = x . 2
B. hyperbolic dy 4
dx
C. elliptic
x2 D. parabolic A. Fourth order, first degree
A. y = tan + c B. Third order, first degree
2 9. The partial DE C. First order, fourth degree
x2
B. y = sin + c 2u 2u 2 u
2 D. First order, third degree
x2 + 2xy + y = 0 is an
2 y 2 xy x 2 14. Solve the linear equation:
x2 example of ______ equation.
C. y = cot + c dy y
2 + = x2 .
dx x
x 2
A. heat
D. y = cos + c B. parabolic
2 x3
C. hyperbolic A. xy 2 = +C
D. elliptic 4
5. Find the orthogonal trajectories of the x4
B. xy = +C
family of curves x 2 − y 2 = C2 . 10. Which of the following is a one 4
dimensional heat equation? x4
C. x2y = +C
A. x 2 + y 2 = C2 . 4
u
2
u 2
x3
B. xy = C A. = c2 2 D. y = +C
t 2
x 4
C. xy 3 = C
2u 2u
D. x−y=C B. + =0
y 2 x 2
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ex
A. C1e−2x + C2 e −3x + 24. The differential equation in the form
of y ' = P(x)y + Q(x)y + R(x) is
12 2
ex
B. C1e−2x − C2e −3x + called a/an _____.
12
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dx x y dt + c
→0 1 → AC
ye = (1) e
2dt 2dt
2. D. ez dt + c
2 3
4 → Shift → STAT (1) →
1 2t
(y 2
− x ) dx + 2ydy = 0 ye 2t =
2
e +c
1 2 2
P (x) = y '− xy 2 = x
2 1 1 −2t
y= + e
= x (1 + y 2 )
x dy 2 2
Q (x) =
2 dx
n = −1 dy
= xdx 7. A. y p = −
3
sin ( 2x ) +
1
cos ( 2x )
(1− n ) Pdx 1 + y2 20 20
I.F. = e Integrating both sides:
(1+1)
1
dx
y p = A cos 2x + Bsin 2x
I.F. = e dy
1 + y2 = xdx + C
2
y p ' = −2A sin 2x + 2Bcos 2x
I.F. = e x
1 y p " = −4A cos 2x − 4Bsin 2x
arctan y = x 2 + C
3. A. 9 2 y"− y '− 2y = sin 2x
1 −4A cos 2x − 4Bsin 2x + 2A sin 2x
Let x = population at time t y = tan x 2 + C
2 −2B cos 2x
dx
= x −2 ( A cos 2x + Bsin 2x ) = sin 2x
dt 5. B. xy = C
dx −4A − 2B − 2A = 0
= dt
x −6A − 2B = 0
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dx 1
x 2 z − 2yz 2 + xy = 0 18. C. *
i.f . = e x
x2
x x
2xz + x 2 − 4yz + y =0 i.f . = eln x
z z An integrating factor for an ordinary
i.f . = x
differential equation of the form
At (1,1,1) Mdx + ndy = 0 is a function of the
Substitute:
x form J(x,y) such hat JMdx + JNdy =
=1 y(x) = x 2 (x)dx + C 0 is exact that is,
z
x4 (JM) (JN)
xy = +C =
12. A. 15 min 4 y x
The given equation is not exact
dy 15. C. 2y dx = (x2 + 1) dy since
= rate in − rate out
dt M N −2
− = − 2xy cos y
dy g L L y g A DE is a variable separable if the y x x
= 3 4 −4 coefficient of dx shall be
−2
L min min 40 L
( )
dt
functions of x only and the coefficient = 1 + x 2 y cos y
dy y x
= 12 − of dy shall be functions
dt 10 of y only. 0
dy Buy since
10 = 120 − y
dt From the choices, 2y dx = (x2 + 1) dy 1 M N −2
10dy is a variable separable DE r(x) = = = is a
= dt N y x x
120 − y
function of x, an integrating factor is
Integrate both sides: 2ydx = ( x 2 + 1) dx given by
−10 ln (120 − y ) = t + C
2ydx (x 2 + 1)dy J(x) = e
− r(x)dx
g =
at t = 0, y = 2 ( 40 L ) y(x 2 + 1) y(x 2 + 1) 2
L − dx
2 1 =e x
C = −36.89 2 dx = dy
x +1 y = e −2 ln x
−10 ln (120 − y ) = t − 36.89
1
at y = 111.1 16. B. 116 years =
x2
t = 15 min
Let: P = number of population
ex
13. A. Fourth order, first degree dP
= kP 19. A. C1e−2x + C2e −3x +
dt 12
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(D 2
)
+ 5D + 6 y = e x 22. C. y = cos x + 2 sin x
m 2 + 5m + 6 = 0 y"+ y = 0
m = −2, − 3 (D 2
)
+1 y = 0
m = i
−2x −3x
C.F. = C1e + C2e c.f = ( c1 cos x + c 2 sin x )
1 Putting x = 0, y(0) = 1 → c1 = 0
P.I. = 2 ex
D + 5D + 6
1 Putting x = , y = 2 → c2 = 2
= ex 2 2
12 Therefore: y = cos x + 2 sin x
y = C.F. + P.I.
1 x 23. A. degree 1 order 2
y = C1e −2x + C 2e −3x + e
12
24. D. Ricatti equation
−0.196t
20. D. v = 50 − 2e *
25. C. Bernoulli equation
To find the solution to an IVP, first
find the general solution of the DE
and then use the initial condition to
identify the exact solution. We get
v = 50 + ce−0.196t
e4x
21. B. C1e2x + C2e3x + *
2
(D 2
)
− 5D + 6 y = e 4x
m 2 − 5m + 6 = 0
(m − 3)(m − 2) = 0
m = 2, 3
C.F. = C1e 2x + C 2e3x
1
P.I. = e 4x
D − 5D + 6
5
1
= e 4x
16 − 20 + 6
1
= e 4x
2
y = C.F. + P.I.
1
y = C1e 2x + C 2e3x + e 4x
2
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Manila: CMFFI Bldg. R. Papa St. Sampaloc | Baguio: 4th Fl. De Guzman Bldg., Legarda Road
Multiple Choice: D. x3 + x = 0 D. z −5
A. 1.442 − j0.246
1 0 C.
A. s 2 + 2 B. 1.198 − j0.215
4 2
C. 0.151 + j0.341
D.
2 − 3 s 2 − 2 D. 2.88 − j0.492
B. 5
1
−3 − 5 8 + 5i 10
C. 4
1
7. Calculate
1 − 2i
. 12. If i = −1 , then (− i)
j= 0
J
= _____.
2 4 2 21
D. 0
1 A. + i
5 5
A. –i
B. –1
2 21
3. One of the eigen vectors of the matrix B. − − i C. i
5 5 D. 1
2 2
A= is _____. 2 21
1 3 C. − + i 13. What is the coefficient of x in the
5 5
21 2 Maclaurin series for esin x ?
2 D. − + i
A. −1 5 5
A. 0
B. –1
1 6 4 C. 1
B. −1 8. If = , then x = ______.
0 x D. 1/2!
2
C. 1 A. 0 14. Compute the 4th Taylor polynomial of
B. 5 the function f (x) = sin x centered at
4 C. 1
D. 1 D. 4 a= .
2
1 1
2 4 C. cos 4x
C. 1 − x − − x − D. 0 B. − i sin
cos
2 2 24 2 2 2
1 1
2 4
20. The value of x for which the matrix A C. cos − i sin
D. 1 − x + + x − 4 4
2 2 24 2 3 2 4
= 9 7 13 has zero as an D. cos + i sin
4 4
15. Determine the inverse matrix of −6 −4 −9 + x
1 2 eigenvalue is: 25. What is the inverse Laplace transform
5 9 .
of 2
1
?
A.
B.
1
–1 (
s +s )
−9 5
C. 2
A.
2 −1 D. –2 A. 1 + et
9 5 B. 1 − e− t
B.
1
1 + 2i
2 21.
1− i
lies in ______ quadrant. C. 1 − et
2 5 D. 1 + e− t
C.
9 1 A. first
B. second
−9 - 5 C. third
D. END
2 1 D. fourth
A. 3i 5 7i
B. 1- i A. +
16 16
C. 1+i
D. 2i 5 7i
B. −
16 16
17. Write in the form a + bi the 3 7i
expression i3217 – i427 + i18 C. +
16 16
A. 2i + 1 3 7i
D. −
B. –i+1 16 16
C. 2i – 1
D. 1+i 23. What is the conjugate of
5 + 12i + 5 − 12i
18. The Taylor Series of the expansion of ?
3sin x + 2cos x is: 5 + 12i − 5 − 12i
3
A.
1
2 + 3x − x 2 − x 3 + ... A. 1 − i
2 2
1 3
B. 2 + 3x + x + x 3 + ...
2
B. 1 + i
2 2
1 3 3
C. 2 − 3x + x − x + ...
2
C. 0 − i
2 2
1 3
D. 2 − 3x − x 2 + x 3 + ... D. 0 + i
2 2
A. sec2 x
A. cos + i sin
B. 1 2 2
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Solutions: 2 − 2 x 0
1 = L sin t =
3 − y 0 s + 2
2
−4 −1 −11
1. B. 1 2 x 0
8 −1 2 1 2 y = 0 Reverse Engineering:
1 1 1
L−1 2 = L−1 −
1 2 −3 5 1 8 x + 2y 0 s + s s s + 1
−x = x + 2y = 0
2 1 3 −6 0 5 = 1 − e− t
1 2 −3 5 1 8 x + 2y = 0
x= − Reverse Engineering:
2 1 3 −6 0 5
All (x, y) that can satisfy the Given: Let s = 5 and = 1
Calculating : equation x + 2y = 0 is/are the correct
−4 −1 −11 8
(sin t ) e
answer.
x= f ( x ) e −st dt = −5t
dt
8 −1 2 0 0
4. D. x3 + x = 0 1
=
26
roots = −i, i and 0
−3 − 5
2. C.
1 x ( x + i )( x − i ) = 0 From choices:
4
x ( x − ix + ix + 1) = 0 1
= 2
2
C11 = + ( −3) = −3 s +
2 2
5 +1
x ( x 2 + 1) = 0 1
C12 = − ( 5 ) = −5 =
x3 + x = 0 26
C21 = − ( −4 ) = 4
C22 = + (1) = 1 5. C. 2
7. C. −
2 21
+ i
5 5
−3 − 5 1 2 3
4 → Ans
1 A = 1 4 2 Convert to polar form:
8 + 5i :
2 6 5
r = 82 + 52 = 89
2
3. A. * R2 – R1 x 1 and R3 – R1 x 2: 5
−1 = tan −1 = 32o
8
1 2 3 1 − 2i :
A − I = 0 0 2 −1
r = 12 + 22 = 5
2 2 1 0 0 2 −1
1 3 − 0 1 = 0 −2
= tan −1 = −63.44o
1
R3 – R2 x 1:
2 2 0 So,
1 3 − 0 = 0 8932o
( 32o + 63.435o )
89
1 2 3 =
2− 2 0 2 −1 5 − 63.435 o
5
=0
1 3− 0 0 0 445
=
95.44o
5
( 2 − )( 3 − ) − 2 = 0 Rank of matrix is number of Convert back to rectangular form:
independent rows or columns. x = r cos
2 − 5 + 6 − 2 = 0
Since, one row has elements all 445 2
2 − 5 + 4 = 0 zero, only 2 rows are independent. x= cos 95.44o = −
5 5
1 = 1 Therefore, rank of matrix is 2.
y = r sin
2 = 4 445 21
y= sin 95.44o =
5 5
Then at = 1 6. C.
s 2 + 2 2 21
x + yi = − + i
5 5
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→ 5 : 2 2 → i424 = 1,
→ AC f 4 ( x ) = sin x, f 4 ( / 2 ) = 1
3 −5
i425 = i
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Manila: CMFFI Bldg. R. Papa St. Sampaloc | Baguio: 4th Fl. De Guzman Bldg., Legarda Road
3
i426 = - 1 1
1 − tan 4 x + 2 tan 2 x Conjugate of z = 0 + i
=
sec x
2 2
i427 = - i
1
( )
2
= 1 − tan 2 x 24. B. cos − i sin
Since 16 is exactly divisible by 4 sec 2 x 2 2
i16 = 1
( sec x )
2 2
=
( )
3
i17= i z = i 25
sec 2 x
i18 = - 1 = sec 2 x → Ans = i 75
Substituting: = i 4x18+3
i3217 - i427 + i18 = i – (- i) + (- 1) = 2i – 1 20. A. 1
( )
18
= i4 ( i )3
1 One of the eigenvalues is zero. That
18. A. 2 + 3x − x 2 − x 3 + ... = i3
2 implies that the determinant of the
matrix is also zero. From the matrix = −1
A, we can see that for determinant z = 0 −1
The Taylor series of cos x is
to be zero, Row 1 and Row 3 can be Polar form:
x2 x4 z = r ( cos + isin )
1− + − ... made same.
2! 4! −9 + x
= −4
The Taylor series of sin x is z = 1 cos − + isin −
2 2 2
x3 x5
x− + − ... x = 1 → Ans
3! 5! z = cos − isin
2 2
So, 21. B. second
x3 x5
3sin x + 2 cos x = 3 x − + − ... 25. B. 1 − e−t
3! 5! 1 + 2i 1 + 2i 1 + i
= x
1− i 1− i 1+ i
x2 x4
+2 1 − + − ... −1 + 3i 1
= f (s) = L−1
( )
2! 4! 2 s2 + s
x3 1 3
=− + i
= 2 + 3x − x − + ... → Ans
2
1 1 1 1
2 2 = = −
( )
2
This is represented by the point s +s
2 s(s + 1) s s +1
19. A. sec2 x 1 3
− , in the second quadrant. 1 = L−1 1 − 1
2 2 L−1
A=
1 tan x (
s2 + s )
s s + 1
− tan x 1 1 1
= L−1 − L−1
1 − tan x 3 7i s s + 1
AT = −
1
22. D.
tan x 16 16 = 1 − e− t
A = 1 + tan 2 x
z
= sec 2 x Reciprocal of z = 2
z
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