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ROBOTICS Arduino Uno Microcontroller

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Xave Desca
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7 views

ROBOTICS Arduino Uno Microcontroller

Uploaded by

Xave Desca
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Arduino Uno

Microcontroller
Microcontroller
A MICROCONTROLLER (or MCU, short for microcontroller unit) is a small
computer (SoC) on a single integrated circuit containing a processor core,
memory, and programmable input/output peripherals.
It serves as the brain of our robot. Compared to our nervous system, this
unit sends the information programmed so different robotic parts can
function.
Parts of the Microcontroller
1. Power IN (Barrel Jack) – It can be used with
either a 9V
or 12V supply.
2. Power IN (USB Port) – It provides power and
communicates
with the board when plugged into a computer via
USB.
3. LED (RX: Receiving) – It blinks when receiving
data.
4. LED (TX: Transmitting) – It blinks when
transmitting data.
5. LED (Troubleshooting) – It blinks when the
program
is running properly.
6. Pins (Digital, Analog, Ground) – It can be used for
input, output, power, and ground.
❑ Pin 0 – 13
❑ Analog Output Pins / PWM Pins
❑ Pin ~ 3, ~5, ~6, ~9, ~10 and ~11
7. LED (ON/OFF) – It indicates if there is a power.
8. Reset Button – It manually resets the Arduino that
makes your code restart.
9. Pins (Analog In, Power In, Ground Power Out,
Reset) – They can be used for input, output, power,
and ground.
❑ Pin A0 – A5
❑ Power Pin
• Reset
• +3.3V
5V
Ground
Arduino IDE (Sketch)
Navigating Arduino IDE
RESISTORS
are electronic components that limit the current with some value of
resistance. Resistance blocks the flow of electricity. The bigger
the value of resistance, the little flow of electricity and vice
versa. They are passive components, meaning they only consume
power (and cannot generate it). Commonly resistors are used to limit
current, divide voltage, and pull-up I/O lines.
Resistor Color Codes
• Here is an example that shows how the table
and resistor shown above can be used to figure
out a resistor value by proving that yellow-
violet-brown is really 470 Ω:
• The first stripe is yellow, which means the
leftmost digit is a 4.
• The second stripe is violet, which means the
next digit is a 7.
• The third stripe is brown. Since brown is 1, it
means add one zero to the right of the first two
digits.
• Yellow-Violet-Brown = 4-7-0 = 470 Ω.
Tolerance Band
• The fourth color band indicates the resistor's tolerance. Tolerance is the
percentage of error in the resistor's resistance, or how much more or less
you can expect a resistor's actual measured resistance to be from its stated
resistance. A gold tolerance band is 5% tolerance, silver is 10%, and no
band at all would mean a 20% tolerance.
• For example:
• A 220 Ω resistor has a silver tolerance band.
• Tolerance = value of resistor x value of tolerance band = 220 Ω x 10% = 22
Ω
• 220 Ω stated resistance +/- 22 Ω tolerance means that the resistor could
range in actual value from as much as 242 Ω to as little as 198 Ω.
How to calculate the value of resistors?
Digit, Digit, Multiplier = Colour, Colour x 10 colour in Ohm’s (Ω)For
example, a resistor has the following colored markings;
3 band resistor
• Yellow Violet Red = 4 7 2 = 4 7 x 102 = 4700Ω or 4k7 Ohm.
Digit, Digit, Multiplier, Tolerance = Colour, Colour x 10 colour in
Ohm’s (Ω), % tolerance
For example, a resistor has the following colored markings;
4 band resistor
Yellow Violet Red None = 4 7 2 = 4 7 x 102 = 4700Ω or 4k7 Ohm. 20%
tolerance
What is the importance of resistors in
robotics?
(to control the flow of current to other components/ resistors are used
to reduce current flow in a robot, it adjust signal levels, to divide
voltages)
Activity
Calculate the value of resistors.
Activity
Calculate the value of resistors.

brown-black-orange = 10x103= 10, 000 Ω, 20% tolerance

brown-black-red = 10x102= 100 Ω, 20% tolerance

red-orange-green-gold = 23x105= 2,300,000 Ω 5% tolerance

brown-green-red-gold = 15x102= 1500 Ω 5% tolerance

brown-blue-red-yellow = 16 x102= 1500 Ω 5%

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