Scribd
Upload
11 views

English Notes(Digraphs)

PHONICS, Reading for begginers

Uploaded by

istarlinade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

English Notes(Digraphs)

PHONICS, Reading for begginers

Uploaded by

istarlinade
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 6

Vowels

Vowels are the letters A, E, I, O, and U. They can make different


sounds:

1. Short Vowel Sounds:


o A (cat)
o E (bed)
o I (sit)
o O (pot)
o U (cup)
2. Long Vowel Sounds:
o A (cake)
o E (see)
o I (like)
o O (home)
o U (cute)

Consonant Digraphs

A digraph is when two letters combine to make one sound. Here are
some common consonant digraphs:

1. Ch (chat)
2. Sh (ship)
3. Th (this, think)
4. Wh (whale)
5. Ph (phone)

Examples of Consonant Digraphs

● Ch: chat, cheese, much


● Sh: ship, fish, wish
● Th: this, think, bath
● Wh: whale, why, what
● Ph: phone, graph, elephant
Word Chaining

Word chaining is when you change one letter to create a new word.
Here are some examples using vowels and consonant digraphs:

1. Cat → Cut (change A to U)


2. Ship → Shop (change I to O)
3. Path → Bath (change P to B)
4. Chat → Chad (change T to D)
5. Make → Mice (change K to C)

Practice

Try creating your word chains or finding more words with vowels and
consonant digraphs! For example:

● Hot → Not → Net → Bat.

Long Vowel Sounds

Long vowels occur when a vowel is pronounced the same way as its
name. Each long vowel can be spelled in different ways, so
understanding these variations is key.

1. Long A (A)

● Sound: Pronounced like the letter "A" (/eɪ/).


● Common Spellings:
o ai (rain)
o ay (play)
o a-e (cake)
● Example Words:
o Bake: The "a" is long, pronounced like "A."
o Crane: The "a" is long due to the silent "e."
Word Chaining Example:

● Sale → Sail (change E to I).

2. Long E (E)

● Sound: Pronounced like the letter "E" (/iː/).


● Common Spellings:
o ee (tree)
o ea (team)
o e-e (even)
● Example Words:
o Meet: The "e" is pronounced long.
o Seat: The "e" is long because of the vowel team "ea."

Word Chaining Example:

● Feet → Fete (change E to T).

3. Long I (I)

● Sound: Pronounced like the letter "I" (/aɪ/).


● Common Spellings:
o ie (lie)
o igh (high)
o i-e (bike)
● Example Words:
o Time: The "i" is long, influenced by the silent "e."
o Fly: The "y" at the end can also represent a long "I."

Word Chaining Example:

● Mile → Pile (change M to P).

4. Long O (O)

● Sound: Pronounced like the letter "O" (/oʊ/).


● Common Spellings:
o oa (boat)
o oe (toe)
o o-e (home)
● Example Words:
o Stone: The "o" is long due to the silent "e."
o Gloam: The "oa" combination gives a long "o" sound.

Word Chaining Example:

● Cone → Zone (change C to Z).

5. Long U (U)

● Sound: Pronounced like the letter "U" (/juː/).


● Common Spellings:
o ue (blue)
o u-e (cute)
o ew (new)
● Example Words:
o June: The "u" is long, influenced by the silent "e."
o Glue: The "u" is pronounced long due to the "ue."

Word Chaining Example:

● Cure → Sure (change C to S).

Consonant Digraphs

Consonant digraphs are important in phonics because they combine


two letters to create one sound. Here’s a deeper look at some
common digraphs:

1. Ch

● Sound: /ch/, as in "chair."


● Examples:
o Chirp: The "ch" makes the /ch/ sound.
o Cheer: The "ch" also produces the /ch/ sound.
Word Chaining Example:

● Chill → Will (change C to W).

2. Sh

● Sound: /sh/, as in "shoe."


● Examples:
o Shout: The "sh" creates the /sh/ sound.
o Fish: The "sh" is also pronounced /sh/.

Word Chaining Example:

● Shack → Snack (change H to N).

3. Th

● Sound: Can be voiced (/ð/) as in "this" or unvoiced (/θ/) as in


"think."
● Examples:
o That: Voiced /ð/.
o Thing: Unvoiced /θ/.

Word Chaining Example:

● Thick → Tick (change H to I).

4. Wh

● Sound: /wh/, as in "whale."


● Examples:
o Whistle: The "wh" produces the /wh/ sound.
o Whisk: Again, the "wh" is pronounced /wh/.

Word Chaining Example:

● Whip → Ship (change W to S).


5. Ph

● Sound: /f/, as in "phone."


● Examples:
o Photo: The "ph" makes the /f/ sound.
o Graph: The "ph" also produces the /f/ sound.

Word Chaining Example:

● Phase → Face (change P to F).

You might also like