PROVINCE OF BATAAN

MUNICIPALITY OF ABUCAY

MUNICIPAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND

MANAGEMENT OFFICE

STANDARD
MANUAL
OPERATIONS
 LIST OF ACRONYMS

ACDV - Accredited Community Disaster Volunteers

AFP - Armed Forces of the Philippines

AIP - Annual Investment Plan

BDRRMC - Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council

BERTs - Barangay Emergency Response Teams

BFP - Bureau of Fire Protection

BJMP - Bureau of Jail Management and Penology

BGLD - Bureau of Local Government Development

BPATs - Barangay Peacekeeping Action Teams

CBDRRM - Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

CCA - Climate Change Adaptation

CCC - Climate Change Commission

CDV - Community Disaster Volunteers

C/MHO - City/ Municipal Health Officer

CODIX - Central Office Disaster Information Coordinating Center

COP - Chief of Police

CPA - Critical Preparedness Action

DA - Department of Agriculture

DALA - Damage and Loss Assessment

DANA - Damage and Needs Assessment

DepEd - Department of Education

DILG - Department of the Interior and Local Government

DND - Department of National Defense

DOE - Department of Energy

DOH - Department of Health

DPWH - Department of Public Works and Highways

DSWD - Department of Social Welfare and Development

EC - Evacuation Center

EO - Executive Order

EOC - Emergency Operation Center

FM - Fire Marshall

ICS - Incident Command System

LCCAP - Local Climate Change Action Plan

LDRRMC - Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council

LDRRMO - Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office

LDRRMP - Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan

LGU - Local Government Office

M/C/PDRRMO- Municipal /City/ Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management

Office

MDM - Management of the Dead and Missing

MGB - Mines and Geoscience Bureau

MLGOO - Municipal Local Government Operations Officer

MOA - Memorandum of Agreement

NDRRMC - National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council

NEDA - National Economic and Development Authority

NGA - National Government Agencies

OCD - Office of the Civil Defense

PAGASA - Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration

PAR - Philippine Area of Responsibility

PB - Punong Barangay

PDNA - Post- Disaster Needs Assessment

PDRA - Pre- Disaster Risk Assessment

PHIVOLCS - Philippine Institute of Volcanology & Seismology

PIA - Philippine Information Agency

PNP - Philippine National Police

PWD - Person with Disability

RA - Republic Act

RDANA - Rapid Damage Assessment and Needs Analysis

TC - Tropical Cyclone

SAR - Search and Rescue

SRR - Search, Rescue and Retrieval

VMS - Volunteer Management System

WCPD - Women and Children Protection Desk

 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Adaptation - the adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected

climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial
opportunities.

Capacity - a combination of all strengths or resources available within a community,

Society or organization that can reduce the level risk, or effects of disaster.

Civil Society Organization or CSOs- non-state actors whose aims are neither to generate profits
Nor to seek governing power. CSOs unite people to advance shared goals and
Interest.

Community- Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management or CBDRRM- a process of

disaster reduction and management in which at risk communities are actively
engaged in the identification, analysis, treatment, monitoring and evaluation of
disaster risks in order to reduce their vulnerabilities and enhance their capacities,
and where the people are at the heart of decision- making and implementation of
disaster risk reduction and management activities.

Contingency Planning- a management process that analyzes specific potential events or

emerging situations that might threaten society or the environment and establishes
arrangements in advance to enable timely, effective and appropriate responses to
such events and situations.

Disaster - a serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving

widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts,
which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using
its own resources.

Disaster Mitigation- the lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of hazards and related
disasters. Mitigation measures encompass engineering techniques and hazard
resistant construction as well as improved environmental policies and public
awareness.

Disaster Preparedness- the knowledge and capacities developed by government, professional

response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively
anticipate, respond to, and recovery from, the impacts of likely, imminent or
current hazard events or conditions.

Disaster Prevention- the outright avoidance of adverse impacts of hazards and related disaster.

Disaster Response- the provision of emergency services and public assistance during or
immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts
ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people
affected.
 Disaster Risk-the potential disaster losses in lives, health status, livelihood, assets and services,
which could occur to a particular community or a society over some specified
future time period.

Disaster Risk Reduction- the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic
efforts to analyze and manage the casual factors of disasters, including through
reduced exposures to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise
management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse
events.

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management- the systematic process of using administrative
Directives, organizations and operational skills and capacities to implement
Strategies, policies and improved coping capacities in order to lessen the adverse
Impacts of hazards and the possibility of disaster.

Early Warning System- the set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and
meaningful warning information to enable individuals, communities and
organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare and to act appropriately
and insufficient time to reduce the possibility of harm or loss.

Emergency- unforeseen or sudden occurrence, especially danger, demanding immediate action.

Emergency Management-the organization and management of resources and responsibilities for

addressing all aspects of emergencies, in particular preparedness, response and and initial recovery
steps.

Exposure - the degree to which the elements at risk are likely to experience hazard events of
Different magnitudes.

Geographic Information System- a database which contains, among others, geo-hazard

assessments, information on climate change, and climate risk reduction and
management.

Hazard- a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss
of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood and services, social
and economic disruption or environmental damage.

Land- Use Planning- the process undertaken by public authorities to identify, evaluate and
decide on different options for the use of land, including consideration of long term economic,
social and environmental objectives and the implications of different communities and interest
groups and the subsequent formulation and promulgation of plans that describe the permitted or
acceptable uses.

Mitigation- structural and non-structural measures undertaken to limit the adverse impact of
natural hazards, environmental degradation and technological hazards and to ensure the ability of
at-risk communities to address vulnerabilities aimed at minimizing the impact of disaster.
Post-Disaster Recovery- the restoration and improvement where appropriate of facilities,
livelihood and living conditions of disaster-affected communities including
efforts to reduce disaster risk factors, in accordance with the principles of “build
back better”.

Preparedness- pre-disaster actions and measures being undertaken within the context of disaster
Risk reduction and management and are based on sound risk analysis as well
As pre-disaster activities to avert or minimize loss of life and property such as,
But not limited to, community organizing, training, planning, equipping,
Stockpiling, hazard mapping, insuring of assets and public information and
Education initiatives.

Private Sector- the key actor in the realm of the economy where the central social concern and
Process are the mutually beneficial production and distribution of goods and
Services to meet the physical needs of human beings.

Rehabilitation- measures that ensure the ability of affected communities/areas to restore their
normal level functioning by rebuilding livelihood and damaged infrastructures
and increasing the community’s organizational capacity.

Resilience - the ability of a system, community or society exposed to hazards to resist,

absorb, accommodate and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and
efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its
essential basic structures and functions.

Response - any concerned effort by two (2) or more agencies, public or private, to provide
assistance or intervention during or immediately after a disaster to meet the life
preservation and basic subsistence need of those people affected and in the
restoration of essential public activities and facilities.

Risk - the combination of the probability of an event and is negative consequences.

Risk Assessment- a methodology to determine the nature and extent of risk by analyzing
potential hazards and evaluating existing conditions of vulnerability that together
could potentially harm exposed people, property, services, livelihood and the
environment on which they depend.

State of Calamity – a condition involving mass casualty and/or damages to property, disruption
Means of livelihood, roads and normal way of life of people in the affected areas
As a result to the occurrence of natural or human-induced hazard.

Vulnerability - the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make
It susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.
 I. INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND

The Republic of the Philippines (hereinafter “the Philippines”) is one of the most vulnerable
countries to various natural disasters in Southeast Asia, including floods, typhoons, landslides,
earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions.

Disaster Management to be efficient and effective, the art needs to be founded on principles of
none duplication of efforts and resources, clear understanding of roles and responsibilities of each
player in the humanitarian arena as well as timely implementation of appropriate interventions.

These principles are consistent with the current thinking of shifting from the paradigm of being
reactive to disaster situations to that of pro-activeness. The latter entails that disaster relief
interventions should be timely and responsive enough to make the interventions as effective as
possible while keeping disaster management plans robust enough for them to be responsive to
changing characteristics of given hazards.

In preparing this Operations Manual, considerations have been given to the fact that disasters take
place in a local environment and that primary responders are the disaster victims themselves and
more importantly, is the fact that disaster management is a responsibility of each and every member
of a given society.

The proactive approach to disaster management entails that the best disaster management practice
is the main-streaming of disaster management into national, provincial and district development
plans.

It is for this reason that this Operations Manual spells out some key activities that need to be
undertaken at different levels of disaster management.

II. PURPOSE OF THE STANDARD OPERATION MANUAL

A Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) is the manual indicated step by step procedures of
emergency response for municipal officials to understand the specific emergency response activity
in the case of disaster. It is important for officials to confirm each role and responsibility by using
SOP for swift emergency response and recovery in case of disaster.

III. ESTABLISHMENT OF MDRRMO

Pursuant of Republic Act No. 10121 otherwise known as “an Act Strengthening the
Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, providing for the National
Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan, Appropriating Funds therefore and for Other
Purposes”. The Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office of the
Municipality of Abucay was established last March 01, 2017. Its serve as the secretariat of
MDRRM Council which highest policy is making body relative to disaster relative to disaster
program and projects of the municipality. With the current set-up, this office is composed of
 the (11) personnel. All permanent positions were already filled up (SG-18 LDRRMO III,
SG15- LDRRMO II, SG11- LDRRMO I, SG8- LDRRM Assistant) while the seven
personnel handling Job Order positions are rescuers and drivers.

MDRRMO STRUCTURE

HON. LIBERATO P.SANTIAGO,JR

MDRRMO- CHAIRPERSON

NOEL B. BASALO,RN
LDRRMO III

JOHN PATRICK L. CANARE,RN ROCHELLE S. CASTRO CLEO B. DELA CRUZ

LDRRMO II LDRRMO I LDRRMO ASSISTANT

DAISY T. DATU
LDRRMO ASSISTANT/ RESCUER

HANZEL T. VALENCIA
LDRRMO ASSISTANT/ RESCUER

PERCIVAL D. BAUTISTA
LDRRMO ASSISTANT/ RESCUER

HERMAN E. CAMACHO
LDRRMO ASSISTANT/ RESCUER

FERDINAND B. CARAGAY
LDRRMO ASSISTANT/ RESCUER

JOSELITO R. GARCIA
RESCUE-DRIVER

CRIS D. SANGGALANG
RESCUE- DRIVER
 A. INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF MUNICIPAL DISASTER RISK
REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT COUNCIL (MDRRMC)

RA 10121 provides a strong legal and institutional

basis for DRRM in the country and provided basis for
the development of policies and plans, implementation
of actions and measures pertaining to all aspects of
DRRM, including good governance, risk assessment
and early warning, knowledge building and awareness raising, reducing underlying risk factor, and
preparedness for effective response and early recovery (Section 4, RA No. 10121).

RA 10121 recognized the need to institutionalize DRRM both at the national and local levels in
order to strengthen institutional capacity of DRRM in the locality.

In compliance, the Municipality of Abucay, strengthened by an issuance of an Executive Order

hereby present the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council composition.
Please see Organizational Structure below:

MDRRMC Chairperson

Communicati Relief and Evacuatio Medical Security Transport SRR Engineering

EOC

on and Registration & Restoration

n ation
Warning (MSWDO) (MHO) (PNP) (MDRRM
(GSO) (MEO)
(MDRRMO (DepEd) O ERT)
(PIO)

Incident Commander (MDRRMO)

PIO (Mayor’s Office-MITO)

Safety Officer (Municipal Fire Station)

Liaison Officer (Office of the Mayor)

OSC (Municipal Police PSC (Municipal Planning LSC (General Services FSC (Municipal
Station) and Development Office) Office) Treasurer)
 EMERGENCY OPERATION CENTER STRUCTURES

HON. LIBERATO P. SANTIAGO,JR.

EOC – R.O/ CHAIRPERSON

ENGR. ERNESTO S. VERGARA

EOC MANAGER

NOEL B. BASALO, RN ROSALIE CABRERA DELIA C. RAMOS

EOC OPERATION COORDINATOR EOC PLANNING COORDINATOR EOC FINANCE/ ADMIN COORDINATOR

CARINA SALVADOR

EOC LOGISTIC COORDINATOR

DRA. ARLENE G. CANOY

EOC – MEDICAL UNIT

CLEO DELA CRUZ

EOC- FOOD UNIT

CARINA SALVADOR

EOC LOGISTIC COORDINATOR

ALLAN BUATIS

EOC- COMMUNICATION
CARINA SALVADOR

EOC LOGISTIC COORDINATOR

ROWENA VALENCIA

EOC- SUPPLY UNIT

CARINA SALVADOR

EOC LOGISTIC COORDINATOR

The Council, headed by the Chairperson – the Municipal Mayor of the Municipality of Abucay,
through its Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office shall ensure adherence to
the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (PDRRM) Act of 2010, the following are
its declaration of policy:

 Strengthening institutional capacity of DRRM (includes communities, vulnerable and

marginalized groups);
 Building the resilience of local communities to disasters;
 Adherence to universal norms, principles and standards/incorporation of internationally
accepted principles of DRRM;
 Participation of all sectors and all stakeholders at all level/engage participation of civil
society organizations;
 Adoption and implementation of a comprehensive DRR program incorporated in the
development plan;
 Mainstreaming DRR and climate change in the development processes and peace
process/conflict resolution approach;
 Institutionalizing the policies, structures, coordination mechanisms and programs; and
 Provide maximum care, assistance and services to individuals and families affected by
disaster, implement emergency rehabilitation projects to lessen the impact of disaster, and
facilitate resumption of normal social and economic activities.
IV.ROLE OF LGU

The LGU in the Philippines is at the forefront of disaster risk reduction and management as
mandated by the Local Government Code of 1991. The LGU must have the autonomy to act
decisively and issue proactive decisions suited for their constituents’ situation supported with the
higher levels of government. Literatures across highlight the importance of decentralization of
responsibilities i.e. doing away with top-down approach, stakeholder participation in all phases of
DRRM, and transparency of valuable information exchanges (Col, 2007).

Solway (2004) outlined the basic roles of the local government in facilitating the community
during a disaster. The LGU must be able to (1) assess the vulnerabilities of the area and its
constituents, (2) instill basic knowledge of natural disasters and the possible impacts, (3) conduct
an information and education campaign (IEC) on disaster mitigation, (4) coordinate with officials
in charge of planning, construction, health, and welfare, (5) conduct first-aid trainings, (6) partner
with educational institutions to broaden awareness and support existing knowledge, and (7) build
evacuation centers and determine safe locations for those affected. Local institutions are integral
in influencing community responses against disasters and climate hazards. They help determine
the effect of the impacts, develop capacity of households to respond and adapt practices, and
mediate different external interventions.

The development and use of SOPs minimize variation and promotes quality through consistent
implementation of a process or procedure within the organization, even if there are temporary or
permanent personnel changes. SOPs can indicate compliance with organizational and
governmental requirements and can be used as a part of a personnel training program, since they
should provide detailed work instructions. It minimizes opportunities for miscommunication and
can address safety concerns. When historical data are being evaluated for current use, SOPs can
also be valuable for reconstructing project activities when no other references are available.

COORDINATION:
The MDRRMC Chairperson will take the lead as Responsible Officer (RO) at the MDRRMC-
Emergency Operation Center for the provision in the timely delivery of appropriate assistance to
the affected population/areas. Upon receipt/ issuance of alert warning. All 11response cluster will
be activated and will report directly to the chairperson for briefing. Initial response will be based
on the reports coming from the affected areas and eventually followed based on the report of the
deployed Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment Team.
V. PROTOCOL/ OPERATIONS/ SECURITY MEASURES

1.1 EVACUATION CENTERS

The main evacuation of LGU was constructed near the MDRRMO but not fully contructed
and the nine (9) barangays has a designated evacuation center like barangay hall,
multipurpose hall, senior citizen hall and St. Dominic Church and also used the public
school and private school through Memorandum of Agreement of School Principal /
School Supervisor as a protocol.

1.2 OPERATION/ COMMAND CENTER

The MDRRMC Operation Center at the same time MDRRMO located at Decena Avenue
Salian, Abucay, Bataan

1.3 PRE-EMPTIVE EVACUATION

Pre-Emptive Evacuation shall be carried out in flood prone areas and other risk areas.
Priority to be evacuated will be children, pregnant women, senior citizens and population
with disabilities. If population at risk does not like to be evacuated, they should sign a
waiver indicating that they do not like to be evacuated. One of the reasons why people do
not like to be evacuated is that there is opportunist who take advantage of the situation. In
order to ensure safety, it should be the responsibility of the Barangay Response Team
provide security to the areas affected.

1.4 FORCE RESIDUAL EVACUATION

It is the policy of the Council that population in low lying areas and those living near rivers
should be evacuated as soon as possible before water level gets high and do not wait for
the time that rescuers could no longer reach the area. This policy should be strictly
enforced.

1.5 RELIEF GOODS DISTRIBUTION

The Municipal Social Welfare and Development Officer (MSWDO) is responsible for the
relief operations assisted by the Day Care Worker and Volunteers. Every evacuation center
will be taken care of by a social welfare officer with security forces from the PNP. Families
who are at the evacuation centers are provided with food and provided with relief goods
when they go back to their homes. The Barangay Captain shall submit a list of affected
families the MSWDO which shall be the basis of providing relief of goods to affected
families.

1.6 MEDICAL AND COUNSELLING SERVICES

 The Municipal Health Officer (MHO) and her medical team shall be at the Evacuation
Center to look into the health situation of the evacuees. Medicines are ready to be provided
in cases there are fever, diarrhea, or any kind of ailments experienced by the evacuees and
other affected families.

1.7 LOCALIZED CANCELLATION OR SUSPENSION OF CLASSES AND WORK IN

GOVERNMENT OFFICES

In the absence of typhoon signal warning from PAG-ASA, localized cancellation or

suspension of classes and work in government offices may be implemented by local chief
executives, as chairman of the Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(MDRRMC) concerned, in coordination with PAG-ASA and the NDRRMC, specifically
in flood prone or high-risk areas. Announcement will be made not later than 4:30 AM of
the day of the intended cancellation of classes and work, or not later than 11:00 AM for
suspension of work and classes in the afternoon session, through diverse mass media,
particularly radio and television, landline communications and other technologies for
communication within the community or locality.
1.8 SUSPENSION OF WORK AND CLASSES

Automatic Cancellation or Suspension of Classes and Work in Government Offices, the

following guidelines shall be followed for the automatic cancellation or suspension of
classes in all public and private elementary, secondary and tertiary schools, as well in all
government offices;

a. When Signal No. 1 is raised by PAGASA, classes at the pre-school level, in the affected
area shall be automatically cancelled or suspended.

b. When Signal No. 2 is raised by PAGASA, classes at the pre-school, elementary and
secondary levels, in the affected area, shall be automatically cancelled or suspended;

c. When Signal No.3 or higher is raised by PAGASA, classes at preschool, elementary,

secondary and tertiary levels, in the affected area, including graduate school, as well as
work in all government offices, shall be automatically cancelled or suspended.

d. The PAGASA shall issue weather forecast through various media outlets (radio and
television), and the NDRRMC, not later than 1:00 PM of the previous day and 4:30
AM of the day of the intended cancellation of classes and work. In cases where there
are classes and work in the morning and suspension of classes and work is only
effective in the afternoon, PAGASA should issue the forecast not later than 11:00 AM
of the said day.

1.9 CANCELLATION OR SUSPENSION OF CLASSES AND WORK IN THE

GOVERNMENT DURING OTHER CALAMITIES
 Classes in all levels in both public and private schools as well as work in the government
offices may be cancelled or suspended in areas affected by disaster or calamities other than
typhoons such as but not limited to floods, earthquake, tsunami and conflagration upon the
declaration by the President of a State of Calamity based on the recommendation of the
NDRRMC. The concerned Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office
(LDRRMO) headed by the local chief executive shall be responsible for announcing the
suspension of classes and work in the government offices in the affected areas in
coordination with the NDRRMC, through all forms of mass media available under the
circumstance.

VI. STANDARD OPERATIONS PROCESS

A. MONSOON RAIN (HABAGAT)

In the Philippines, Amihan and Habagat refer to the two kinds of winds and seasons that occur in
the country every year. Amihan is known as the Northeast monsoon while Habagat is known as
the Southwest monsoon. A monsoon is a seasonal rain and wind pattern.

A switch in wind direction is the primary indicator for the change between one monsoon to the
other. It usually takes place during nighttime. At some periods, the two monsoons switch several
times before settling into a pattern for the season.

Habagat is the southwest wind characterized by frequent heavy rainfall and humid weather. During
southwest monsoon or hanging habagat, the high-pressure area is at the Autralian continent and
the low-pressure area is at North China, Mongolia and Siberia. The gusty winds from the west and
excessive rainfall often turn to dangerous typhoons.

While the rain may ease farmers to irrigate the rice fields, the heavy rainfall may trigger floods,
landslides and potentially endanger residents living near riverbanks.

The southwest monsoon affects the country from late June to October (occurrence may also vary
each year). Low season in the Philippines occurs during the habagat season because of frequent
rainfall and high humidity. A series of flash floods and landslides are regular incidents during this
season.

Amihan is as season characterized with slight to moderate rainfall and a prevailing cold wind that
affects east of the Philippines. The monsoon commonly occurs from October to late March,
although occurrence may vary every year.
1.1 RED RAINFALL WARNING

More than 30 mm rain observe in 1 hour and expected to continue expected to continue in the
next 2 hrs.

1.2 ORANGE RAINFALL WARNING

15-30 mm rain observed in 1 hour and expected to continue in the next 2 hours.

1.3 YELLOW RAINFALL WARNING

7.5 – 15 mm rain observed in 1 hour and expected to continue in the next 2 hours.
FLOW OF COORDINATION

Advisory from DOST- PAGASA ( Dissemination of

Latest Weather Update

MDRRMC through BDRRMC conducts public address

to raise awareness of people regarding the weather
condition

MDRRMO/BDRRMC Monitors and Observe rainfall for

1-3 hrs.

MDRRMO will ALERT BDRRMC for possible evacuation.

BDRRMC will report status of the evacuation centers
in their respective AOR and monitors evacuees up to
the time evacuation centers will be cleared from
evacuees.

Convening the council will be decided by MDRRMO

If class suspension is appropriate, LGU will decide and

will inform MDRRMO

Activation of the Operation Center. Check in of all

manpower and resources by MDRRMO

MDRRMO monitors the effects municipality wide and

will deploy all the needed responses

MDRRMO will decide if demonization will be done

after the clearing operation

MDRRMO will submit final report to OCD, PDRRMO

and other concerned agencies
B. TYPHOON / STORM

A storm is any disturbed state of an environment or astronomical body's atmosphere especially

affecting its surface, and strongly implying severe weather. It may be marked by significant
disruptions to normal conditions such as strong wind, hail, thunder and lightning (a thunderstorm),
heavy precipitation (snowstorm, rainstorm), heavy freezing rain (icestorm), strong winds (tropical
cyclone, windstorm), or wind transporting some substance through the atmosphere as in a dust
storm, blizzard, sandstorm, etc.

Storms generally lead to negative impacts on lives and property such as storm surge, heavy rain or
snow (causing flooding or road impassibility), lightning, wildfires, and vertical wind shear;
however, systems with significant rainfall can alleviate drought in places they move through.

The Philippine Public Storm Warning Signals (PSWS) are warnings to raise public awareness of
the incoming weather disturbances. Conditions are not yet necessarily felt in the given area as the
storm signal is raised.

The weather disturbance is expected in:

36 hours once the Public Storm Warning Signal (PSWS) No.1 is raised
24 hours once the PSWS No.2 is raised
18 hours once the PSWS No.3 is raised
12 hours once the PSWS No.4 is raised

The signal number of an area is based on the intensity, size of circulation and the forecast direction,
and speed of the tropical storm or typhoon when the PWS is raised. PSWSs may be upgraded or
downgraded as the weather disturbances moves through the Philippine Area of Responsibility
(PAR).
 Tropical Depression –Winds will be at 35 to 63 kph
 Tropical Storm –Winds will be at 64 to 117 kph
 Typhoon –More than 117 kph
FLOW OF COORDINATION

1.1 STORM WARNING SIGNAL NO.1 (Winds of not more than 60 kph)

Advisory from DOST- PAG ASA. Dissemination of

latest weather update

Disaster preparedness is activated to alert status

by MDRRMO

Public address will be facilitated by BDRRMC to

raise awareness regarding the weather update

Pre- Disaster Risk Assessment (PDRA) will facilitate

by MDRRMC 3 days before the entry to PAR

Convening the MDRRMC and activation of

Operation Center. Check in of all manpower and
resources by MDRRMO

Automatic Class Suspension in Kindergarten level

and LGU will decide if other levels will also be
suspended depending on the status of the
municipality

Continuing monitoring up to the time the specific

typhoon made exit to PAR

MDRRMO monitors the effects municipality wide

and will deploy all needed responses

MDRRMO will decide if demonization will be done

after the clearing operation

MDRRMO will submit final report to OCD,

PDRRMO and other concerned agencies
1.2 STORM WARNING SIGNAL NO.2 (Winds of 61-100 kph)

FLOW OF COORDINATION

Advisory from DOST- PAGASA. Dissemination of latest

weather update

Public Address will be facilitated by BDRRMC to raise

awareness regarding the weather update

Disaster Preparedness is activated to alert status by

MDRRMO

Pre- Disaster Risk Assessment will be facilitated by

MDRRMC 3 days before the entry to PAR

Convening the MDRRMC and activation of Operations

Center. Check in of all manpower and resources by
MDRRMO

Pre- Emptive evacuation per barangay especially near to

coastal areas. BDRRMC will monitor and report the status
to MDRRMO

Automatic Class Suspension in kindergarten, Elementary

and High School Level. LGU to decide whether other level
be suspended.

Monitoring at the Operation Center by MDRRMC

 RDNA facilitated by MDRRMO with the following
protocol:

a. The type, extent of damage brought about by

the typhoon
b. Critical needs of the affected population
c. Local response capacity of each agency
d. Priorities for response and activities
e. Support restoration and temporary repair of
critical infrastructure
f. Role of each agency

Continuing monitoring up to the time the specific

typhoon made exit to PAR

PDNA/ Post Disaster Needs Assessment facilitated by

MDRRMO with the following guidelines;

a. Discussion of specific agency involved:

b. Damages and losses
c. Comprehensive Recovery Plan

Demobilization will be decided by MDRRMO

MDRRMO will submit final report to OCD, PDRRMO and

other concerned agencies
1.3 STORM WARNING SIGNAL NO. 3 (WINDS OF 101- 185 KPH)

1.4 STORM WARNING SIGNAL NO.4 (WINDS OF MORE THAN 185 KPH)

1.5 STORM WARNING SIGNAL NO.5 (WINDS OF MORE THAN 220 KPH)

FLOW OF COORDINATIONS

Advisory from DOST-PAGASA. Dissemination of latest weather update

Public Address will be facilitated by BDRRMC to raise awareness

regarding the weather update

Disaster Preparedness is activated to alert status by MDRRMO

Pre- Disaster Risk Assessment will be facilitated by MDRRMC 3 days

before the entry to PAR

Convening the council and activation of Operation Center. Check in of all

manpower and resources by MDRRMO

Pre- emptive evacuation per barangay especially near coastal areas.

BDRRMC will monitor and report status to MDRRMO

Automatic Class Suspension in ALL LEVELs

 Monitoring at the Operation Center by MDRRMC

RDNA facilitated by MDRRMO with the following protocol:

g. The type, extent of damage brought about by the typhoon

h. Critical needs of the affected population
i. Local response capacity of each agency
j. Priorities for response and activities
k. Support restoration and temporary repair of critical
infrastructure
l. Role of each agency

Continuing monitoring up to the time the specific typhoon made exit

to PAR

PDNA/ Post Disaster Needs Assessment facilitated by MDRRMO with

the following guidelines.

Discussion of specific agency involved:

a. Damages and losses

b. Comprehensive recovery plan

Demobilization will be decided by MDRRMO

MDRRMO will submit final report to OCD, PDRRMO and other

concerned agencies
C. EARTHQUAKE

An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth
resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
Earthquakes can range in size from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt to those violent
enough to propel objects and people into the air, and wreak destruction across entire cities.
The seismicity, or seismic activity, of an area is the frequency, type, and size of earthquakes
experienced over a period of time. The word tremor is also used for non-earthquake seismic
rumbling.

At the Earth's surface, earthquakes manifest themselves by shaking and displacing or disrupting
the ground. When the epicenter of a large earthquake is located offshore, the seabed may be
displaced sufficiently to cause a tsunami. Earthquakes can also trigger landslides and occasionally,
volcanic activity.

In its most general sense, the word earthquake is used to describe any seismic event—whether
natural or caused by humans—that generates seismic waves. Earthquakes are caused mostly by
rupture of geological faults but also by other events such as volcanic activity, landslides, mine
blasts, and nuclear tests. An earthquake's point of initial rupture is called its hypocenter or focus.
The epicenter is the point at ground level directly above the hypocenter.
FLOW OF COORDINATIONS

Advisory from DOST –PHIVOLCS

Convening the council and activation of Operations Center.

Check in of all manpower and resources by MDRRMO.

Evacuation on the affected areas. BDRRMO will monitor and

report status to MDRRMO.
.
Class Suspension will depend on the degree of affection and will
be decided by LGU.
.

Monitoring at the Operation Center by MDRRMC.

.
Discussion of specific agency involved:
 Damages and losses.
 Comprehensive recovery plan.

Demobilization will be decided by MDRRMO.

.
MDRRMO will submit final report to OCD, PDRRMO and other
concerned agencies.

.
PROTOCOL ON TRAUMA AND MEDICAL CASES (EMERGENCY RESPONSE)

Upon receiving the emergency

information from the 1Bataan
Command Center or report from
MDRRMO Hotline, rescuers will
be alerted for dispatch.

MDRRMO Rescue reports any

problem that took place during a
run to the Command Center.

MDRRMO Rescue informs the

dispatcher upon arrival and
departure at the scene.

Patient care must be done prior

and during transport to medical
facility.

Upon arrival to medical facility,

MDRRMO Rescue will inform the
Command Center.

Proper endorsement of patient to

the personnel in the medical
facility must be done.
D. LANDSLIDE
A landslide, also known as a landslip, is a geological phenomenon that includes a wide range of
ground movements, such as rockfalls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows. Landslides
can occur in offshore, coastal and on shore environments. Although the action of gravity is the
primary driving force for a landslide to occur, there are other contributing factors affecting the
original slope stability. Typically, pre-conditional factors buildup specific sub-surface conditions
that make the area/ slope prone to failure, whereas the actual landslide often requires a trigger
before being released.
FLOW OF COORDINATIONS

Received report of landslide from a certain barangay

a. If no casualty reported:
• BDRRMC will take charge from activation of their respective Operation Center with the
Incident Management Team from reporting as well as on clearing operation.
.

b. If there is reported casualties (missing, injured, dead ):

• BDRRMO will establish the Operation Center, Incident Management Team.
• MDRRMO will augment as per needs arises.
• MDRRMO will provide contingents:
a. Rescue Team
b. Response Team
• BDRRMO will be responsible for recovery and rehabilitation, MDRRMC will assist as need arises.

c. If more than 2 barangays involved with no casualties:

• BDRRMOs involved will establish their own Operation Center and will activate their IMT.
• MDRRMC will be convened.
• MDRRMO will activate the Operation Center and will establish the Incident management Team.
• MDRRMO will facilitate RDANA as per protocol will be followed.
• After clearance of the affected areas, PDNA will be facilitated by MDRRMO.

d. If more than 2 barangays involved with casualties:

• BDRRMOs involved will establish their own Operation Center and will activate their IMT.
• MDRRMC will be convened.
• MDRRMO will activate the Operation Center and will establish the Incident management Team.
• MDRRMO will augment as per needs arises.
• MDRRMO will provide contingents:
a. Rescue Team
b. Response Team
• BDRRMO will be responsible for recovery and rehabilitation, MDRRMC will assist as need arises.
E. STORM SURGE

The Philippines, an island surrounded by bodies of water, is vulnerable to storm surges. Filipinos
often hear in warnings in weather reports of a possible storm surge in coastal areas during
typhoons. The populous Metro Manila experienced a storm surge caused by Typhoon Pedring in
September 2011 when the sea walls of Manila Bay were destroyed and the US Embassy and Sofitel
Philippine Plaza were submerged in floodwaters.
A storm surge, storm flood, tidal surge or storm tide is a coastal flood or tsunami-like phenomenon
of rising water commonly associated with low-pressure weather systems, such as cyclones. It is
measured as the rise in water level above the normal tidal level, and does not include waves. Most
casualties during tropical cyclones occur as the result of storm surges.
The main meteorological factor contributing to a storm surge is high-speed wind pushing water towards
the coast over a long fetch. Other factors affecting storm surge severity include the shallowness and
orientation of the water body in the storm path, the timing of tides, and the atmospheric pressure drop due
to the storm.
FLOW OF COORDINATIONS

Advisory from DOST –PAGASA. Dissemination of latest weather update.

Public Address will be facilitated by BDRRMO to raise awareness regarding the

weather update Advisory from DOST –PAGASA. Dissemination of latest
weather update.

Disaster preparedness is activated to alert status by MDRRMO.

Convening the council and activation of Operations Center. Check in of all

manpower and resources by MDRRMO.

Pre-emptive evacuation on the affected families near the coastal area. BDRRMC
will monitor and report status to MDRRMO.

Monitoring at the Operation Center by MDRRMC.

MDRRMO to take actions for the needed assistance in the affected areas /
population.

MDRRMO will submit final report to OCD, PDRRMO and other concerned agencies.