EXPERIMENT #5

APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN

CALCULATING THE MACHINE ELEMENTS
I. Aim
Help students understand the method and the use of design software to select and test
the machine element.
II. Requirements
Required software:
Autodesk Inventor 2012 to present
Autodesk AutoCad Mechanical
Configuration:
 Operating system: Windows® 7 (32-bit minimum, 64-bit) to present.
 CPU: Intel® Pentium® 4, AMD Athlon ™ 64 with SSE2 technology, 3 GHz or
higher, or AMD dual core with SSE2 technology, 2 GHz or higher, or Intel®
Xeon® E3 or Core i7 or equivalent to SSE2 technology, 3.0 GHz or higher.
 RAM: At least 4 GB of RAM (should be 8 GB RAM)
 Hard disk: available 15 GB or more
III. Fundamental theory
Students refer to the User Guide
IV. Experimental description
Let the transmission model show in Fig. 1 and the specifications give in Table 1 [1].

Fig. 1. Calculating Model.

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 Table 1. The specifications of system
Shaft Motor I II III
Parameter
Power P, kW 4.9 4.654 4.423 4.16
Transmission ratio u 3.2 2.5 2.5
Revolution, rpm 960 300 120 48
Torque T, Nm 48.745 148.153 351.997 827.667
 Initial data:
- Capacity of blender: P = 4.16 (kW)

- Number of revolution of blender: n = 48 (rpm)

- Service time: a = 6 (years)

- One direction rotation, work 2 shifts, static load (300 working days/year, 8 hours

per 1 working shift)

- Efficiency:

+ Belt drive = 0.95;

+ Spur gear drive ηbr = 0.96;
+ A pair of bearing ηol = 0.99;
+ Chain drive ηx = 0.95;
1. Design of gear drive
Given: Transmission ratio u, power P, number of revolution n.
Requirements: take account into ISO standard, select material (according to ISO
standard, contact endurance limit SHlim ≈ 570MPa), calculate center distance, module m,
number of tooth, pitch circle diameter, face width, velocity of gears, radial force,
tangential force. Show 3D model of a pair of gears.
Note: Coefficients KA = 1; KHv = 1; KHβ = 1.2; KHα = 1 when we put them into
Autodesk Inventor.
2. Shaft design and key selection
+ Manual calculation: Determine the preliminary diameter, outline the
preliminary shaft structure.
+ Autodesk Inventor calculation: Determining axes size, selecting materials with
Sy = 400MPa, entering the values of forces acting on the axes, bending moment graphs,
stress .... Put the results into the report. Show 3D model of shaft segments.
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 + Selecting the keys by software.
3. Bearings selection
+ Selecting the bearings in Autodesk Inventor according to the standard.
4. V-belt drive design
Given selection: Select the belt symbol, diameter of pulley (choose d1 =180mm),
center distance (a =d2), belt length.
Requirement:
Select the belt symbol according to DIN 2215 standard; enter the parameters d1,
d2, L.
Autodesk Inventor computation: Number of belts z and belt drive parameters:
velocity, initial tension force, useful tangential force, tension force on driving and driven
belt branch, the force acting on axis, belt contact, belt width, center distance ... in
Autodesk Inventor. Show 3D model of belt drive.
Note: Select some factors: PRB = 3.8 kW, k1 = 1.2.
5. Chain drive design
Given: Number of chains k, number of teeth z1 and z2.
Requirements: Select type of chain according to standard ISO 606: 2004 (EU),
number of teeth z1, z2, power P, number of revolution n.
Autodesk Inventor computation: chain pitch, number of link, chain length,
center distance, chain sprocket diameter, average velocity, tensile force on the tensilt
branch (slack) F1 (F2), the force acting on the shaft. Show 3D model of chain drive.
V. Experiment consequence
1. Gear design
+ Power P = 4.654kW;
+ Transmission ratio ubr = 2.5;
+ Number of revolution n = 300 rpm.
+ = = 6 300 16 = 28800 Hours

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Fig. 2. Parameters in the tab “Calculation”.

Fig. 3. Required input coefficients.

Fig. 4. Parameters in the tab “Design”.

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 Fig. 5. 3D model of gear drive.
+ Computational results in Autodesk Inventor:
Table. 2 The parameters of the gear drive.
No. PARAMETERS RESULT
1 Material EN C60
2 Center distance 160mm
3 Module m 4
4 Number of tooth z1 23
5 Number of tooth z2 57
6 Pitch circle diameter d1 92
7 Pitch circle diameter d2 228
8 Teeth width b1 64
9 Teeth width b2 60
10 Radial force Fr 1172.154 N
11 Tangential force Ft 3220.466N
12 Gear velocity 1.445 m/s
2. Shaft design and key selection
a. Shaft I and key
+Power P1 =4.654kW

+Torque: T1 = 148.141Nm.
+Number of revolution: n = 300 rpm.
+Force acting on the shaft from the results of the belt drive: =849.96N
+Force acting on the gear drive (data in Table 2): = 3220.466 ; =
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1172.154 N
.
+Shaft diameter at the pulley position: = 10 | |
= = 33.3

choose = 35 .
+Select preliminary dimension along the shaft:
lm12 = 50; lm13 = 70; k2 = 5; k3 = 15; k1 = 10; hn = 20; bo = 25; l13 = 0.5(lm13 + bo)+
k1 + k2 = 62.5 l11 = 2l13 = 2 x 62.5 = 125; l12 = lc2 = 0.5(lm12 + bo)+ k3 + hn = 72.5

Fig. 6. Outline the structure of shaft I.

Fig. 7. Tab “Design” of shaft I.

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Fig. 8. Tab “Calculation” of shaft I.

Fig. 9. Bending moment graph.

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 Fig. 10. Bending stress graph
Selecting the key:

Fig. 11. Parameters in tab “Design”.

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 Fig. 12. Parameters in tab “Calculation”.

Fig. 13. 3D model of shaft I.

b. Shaft II and key
+ Power P1 = 4.423kW
+ Torque T1 = 351.997Nm
+ Number of revolution: n = 120 rpm
+ The force acting on the shaft from the chain drive: = 3633.236
+ The force acting on the gear drive: = 3220.466 = 1172.154
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 .
+ The shaft diameter at the chain sprocket position: = 10 | |
= =

38.8 , choose d0 = 40mm.

(Note: Choose | |= 20MPa – input shaft; | |= 30MPa – output shaft)
+ The distance values are chosen as follows:
lm12 = 60; lm13 = 66; k2 = 5; k3 = 17.5; k1 = 10; hn = 20; bo = 25; l13 = 0.5(lm13 +
bo)+ k1 + k2 = 62.5; l11 = 2l13 = 2 x 62.5 = 125; l12 = lc2 = 0.5(lm12 + bo)+ k3 + hn = 80

Fig. 14. Outline the structure of shaft II.

Fig. 15. Shaft size in tab “Design”.

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Fig. 16. Computational parameters of shaft in tab “Calculation”.

Fig. 17. Bending moment of shaft II.

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 Fig. 18. Bending stress of shaft II.
Key design for shaft II:

Fig. 19. Parameters of key in tab “Design”.

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 Fig. 20. Calculate and choose key in tab “Calculation”.

Fig. 21. 3D model of shaft and keyway

3. Bearing selection
Calculating the bearings for shaft I
According to Fig. 10, we have the results related to the force acting on the bearings
Radial load acting on bearing A:

= + = 1055.507 + 1571.587 = 1893.14

Radial load acting on bearing B:

= + = 753.239 + 1648.879 = 1812.78

Because = 1893.14 > = 1812.78, t h e ca lc ul at io n i s b as ed on

th e be ar in g A : = = 1893.14
Number of revolution n = 300 rpm; L = 28800 hours, (Deep Groove Ball Bearing)
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 Fig. 22. Tab “Design” of bearing of shaft I.

Fig. 23. Tab “Calculation” of bearing of shaft I.

Fig. 24. 3D model of bearing of shaft I.

Calculating the bearings for shaft II
According to Fig. 17, we have the forces acting on the bearings.
Radial load acting on bearing A:

= + = 6726.804 + 1497.728 = 6891.52

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 Radial load acting on bearing B:

= + = 1897,198 + 1722,738 = 2562.65

Because = 6891.52 > = 2562.65; th e ca lc ul at io n is ba se d on t he

be ar in g A: F R = F R A = 68 91 . 52 N
Number of revolution n = 120 rpm. L = 14400 hours, Deep Groove Ball Bearing

Fig. 25. Tab “Design” of bearing of shaft II.

Fig. 26. Tab “Calculation” of bearing of shaft II.

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 Fig. 27. 3D model of bearing of shaft II.
4. Belt drive design
+ Power P = 4.9 kW.
+ Number of revolution n = 960 rpm.
+ Choose belt type B based on power P and number of revolution n.
+ Diameter of smaller pulley d1 = 180 mm.
+ Diameter of larger pulley: d2 = u d1(1 - ξ ) = 3,2.180.(1-0,01) = 570,24 mm.
According to ISO standard, choose d2 =560 mm
+ Minimum center distance: a = d2 = 560mm.
( ) ( )
+ Calculated length of belt: = 2 560 + + = 2346.9 ( )

according to ISO standard, choose L =2500 mm

Fig. 28. Parameters in tab “Design”.

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 Fig. 29. Parameters in tab “Calculation”.
+ Computational results in Autodesk Inventor:
Table 3. Parameters in Autodesk Inventor.
No. Parameter RESULT
1 Type of belt V-Belt DIN 2215
17x2457
2 Number of belt z 2
3 Velocity 9.048 m/s
4 Initial tensile force 414 N
5 Tensile force on each belt branch 218.5 N
6 Tensile force on the tight side 707.778 N
7 Tensile force on the slack side 166.21 N
8 Tangential force 541.569 N
9 Force acting on the shaft Fr 849.96 N
10 Angle of contact 145.48° & 214.52°
11 Belt length 2500
12 Pulley width 44 mm
13 Center distance 640.408 mm
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 Fig. 30. 3D model of belt drive.
5. Design of chain drive
+ Power P = = 4.423
+ Number of revolution of small sprocket = = 120 . Transmission ratio
= = 2.5
+ Choose two-line roller chains.
+ Choose the number of teeth of sprocket: = 29 − 2 = 29 − 2 2.5 = 24
tooth; = . = 2,5 24 = 60 tooth
+ Choose chain pitch: = 25.4

Fig. 31. Choose two-line roller chain in tab “Design”.

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 Fig. 32. Parameters in tab “Design”.

Fig. 33. Parameters in tab “Calculation”.

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+ Computational results in Autodesk Inventor:
Table 4. The chain drive parameters
No. Parameter Result
1 Chain type Roller chain 16B-2-124
2 Number of chains 2
3 Number of chain links 124
4 Tangential force 3617.437 N
5 Tensile force acting on driving branch 3625.5 N
6 Tensile force acting on driven branch 8.1 N
7 Force acting on the shaft Fr 3633.236 N
8 Angle of contact 163.790 & 196,210
9 Center distance 1031 mm
10 Sprocket diameter d1, d2 194.597 mm & 485.326 mm

Fig. 34. The designed chain drive.

References
[1]. Nguyễn Hữu Lộc, Lê Văn Uyển, Chi tiết máy và ứng dụng tin học trong chi tiết
máy, NXB Đại học Quốc gia TP Hồ Chí Minh, ISBN 2016978-604-73-2421-7, 2014.

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 EXPERIMENTAL REPORT
HO CHI MINH CITY UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Department of machine design

EXPERIMENT #5

APPLICATION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN

CALCULATING THE MACHINE ELEMENTS

Student’s name:

Group:
Class:
Advisor:

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I. Aim
Helping students understand the method, how to use the design software to select
and test the general machine elements.

II. Technical rules on safety

Students must comply with the technical rules on safety in the laboratory.
III. Experimental report
1. Problem
Give the transmission system as shown in below figure.

Transmission ration table of the system

Shaft
Parameter Motor I II III
Power P, kW P3
Transmission ratio u u1 u2 u3
Number of revolution, rpm
Torque T, N.mm

 Initial data:
- Capacity of blender: P3 (kW)
- Number of revolution of blender: n3 (rpm)
- Service time: a = 8 (years)
- 1-way rotation, work 2 shifts, static load (300 working days per year, 8 hours per 1
working shift)
- Number of revolution of motor: nđc=1420 (rpm).
- Efficiency:
• Belt drive ηđ = 0.95;
• A pair of spur gear ηbr = 0.96;
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 • A pair of bearing ηol = 0.99;
• Chain drive ηx = 0.95;
- The gears are calculated by ISO standard, the material is ENC60, the coefficients
including = 1; = 1; = 1.2; = 1 are input into Autodesk Inventor.
- The belt drive is calculated by DIN 2215 standard. Choose d1 = 180 mm, center
distance (a = d2), the belt length, DIN belt type. The coefficient such as PRB = 3.8
KW; k1 = 1.2
- The chain is selected by ISO 606:2004 (EU) standard.
Table 5. Projects.
Pr P3 u1 u2 u3 Pr P3 u1 u2 u3 Pr P3 u1 u2 u3
(kW) (kW) (kW)
1 2,5 2 2 3 31 6,5 4 2 3 61 12,0 3 2 4
2 2,5 2 2,24 4 32 7,0 3 2,24 3 62 12,0 4 2,24 2
3 2,5 4 2,5 4 33 7,0 4 2,5 4 63 12,5 3 2,5 3
4 3,0 2 3,15 3 34 7,0 3 3,15 4 64 12,5 3 3,15 4
5 3,0 2 3,55 3 35 7,0 2 3,55 3 65 12,5 4 3,55 2
6 3,0 4 4 2 36 7,0 3 4 4 66 12,5 3 4 4
7 3,0 2 2 3 37 7,5 4 2 2 67 12,5 4 2 3
8 3,0 4 2,24 3 38 7,5 4 2,24 3 68 12,5 4 2,24 2
9 3,5 3 2,5 2 39 7,5 4 2,5 3 69 13,0 4 2,5 4
10 3,5 4 3,15 2 40 8,0 4 3,15 3 70 13,0 3 3,15 4
11 3,5 3 3,55 2 41 8,0 4 3,55 2 71 13,0 2 3,55 2
12 3,5 3 4 4 42 8,0 4 4 3 72 13,0 3 4 2
13 4,0 4 2 3 43 8,0 2 2 3 73 13,0 4 2 3
14 4,0 3 2,24 3 44 8,5 2 2,24 2 74 13,0 3 2,24 3
15 4,0 3 2,5 4 45 8,5 2 2,5 3 75 13,0 2 2,5 4
16 4,0 4 3,15 2 46 8,5 3 3,15 2 76 13,0 4 3,15 4
17 4,0 3 3,55 3 47 8,5 2 3,55 2 77 13,5 4 3,55 4
18 4,0 3 4 2 48 8,5 4 4 3 78 14,0 3 4 2
19 4,0 4 2 3 49 9,5 2 2 3 79 14,0 2 2 4
20 4,0 4 2,24 3 50 9,5 4 2,24 4 80 14,0 3 2,24 2
21 4,5 3 2,5 2 51 10,0 4 2,5 4 81 14,0 3 2,5 4
22 4,5 3 3,15 3 52 10,0 4 3,15 3 82 14,5 4 3,15 4
23 5,5 4 3,55 4 53 10,5 4 3,55 4 83 14,5 3 3,55 4
24 5,5 2 4 3 54 10,5 2 4 4 84 15,0 3 4 2
25 6,0 3 2 4 55 10,5 2 2 4 85 15,0 2 2 3
26 6,0 2 2,24 4 56 10,5 2 2,24 2 86 15,0 4 2,24 3
27 6,0 4 2,5 4 57 10,5 2 2,5 2 87 15,5 3 2,5 3
28 6,0 4 3,15 3 58 11,0 4 3,15 3 88 15,5 3 3,15 4
29 6,0 4 3,55 3 59 11,0 3 3,55 3 89 16,0 4 3,55 2
30 6,5 2 4 3 60 11,5 2 4 4 90 16,0 4 4 3

Note: 5 members per a group; a random project is selected for each group.
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2. Results
a. The distribution table of transmission ratio
Shaft
Parameters Motor I II III
Power P, kW P3
Transmission ratio u u1 u2 u3
Number of revolution n, rpm
Torque T, Nmm
b. Table of gear drive parameters
No. PARAMETER RESULT
1 Selected material
2 Calculating the center distance
3 Module m
4 Number of tooth z1
5 Number of tooth z2
6 Pitch circle diameter d1
7 Pitch circle diameter d2
8 Width of teeth b1
9 Width of teeth b2
10 Radial force Fr
11 Tangential force Ft
12 Velocity of gear

Show the results in Inventor software (Pictures)

c. The belt drive parameters table
No. PARAMETER RESULT
1 Type of belt
2 Number of belt z
3 Velocity
4 Initial tensile force
5 Tensile force on each belt branch
6 Tensile force on the tight side
7 Tensile force on the slack side
8 Tangential force
9 Force acting on the shaft Fr
10 Angle of contact
11 Belt length
12 Pulley width
13 Center distance
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 Show the results in Inventor software (Pictures)
d. The chain drive parameters table
No. PARAMETER RESULT
1 Chain type
2 Number of chains
3 Number of chain links
4 Tangential force
5 Tensile force acting on driving branch
6 Tensile force acting on driven branch
7 Force acting on the shaft Fr
8 Angle of contact
9 Center distance
10 Sprocket diameter d1, d2

Show the results in Inventor software (Pictures)

V. Discussion and conclusions
Students compare the computational results in Inventor software with the theoretical
results. Then draw conclusions when we use Inventor software.
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………

VI. Review questions

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