Name : Marks :

Course, Year & : Date :

Section

1. A shunt generator supplies a load of 5,500 W at 110 V through a pair of feeder conductors
having a resistance of 0.02 ohm each. The armature, shunt field resistances are 0.15 ohm and 50
ohms respectively. Find the generated emf.

Ra=0.15 Ω

PL=5500 W
VL=110 V
Rsh=50 Ω RFeeder = 0.02 x 2 = 0.04 Ω

Solution:

𝑃𝐿 5500 𝑊
𝐼𝐿 = = = 50 𝐴
𝑉𝐿 110 𝑉
𝑉𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 = 𝐼𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 ∗ 𝑅𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 = 50 𝐴 × 0.04 Ω = 2 V

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 𝑉𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 + 𝑉𝐿 = 2 V + 110 V = 112 𝑉

𝑉𝑠ℎ 112 𝑉
𝐼𝑠ℎ = = = 2.24 𝐴
𝑅𝑠ℎ 50 Ω

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑠ℎ + 𝐼𝐿 = 2.24 𝐴 + 50 A = 52.24 A

𝑉𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 × 𝑅𝑎 = 52.24 𝐴 × 0.15 Ω = 7.836 V

𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝑠ℎ + 𝑉𝑎 = 112 V + 7.836 V = 119.836 𝑉 ≈ 120 𝑉

𝑉𝑇 + 𝑉𝑎 = 𝐸𝑔 → 𝐸𝑔 = 112 + 7.836 = 119.836 𝑉 ≈ 120 𝑉

2. The no load voltage of a 50 kW, 220 volts, shunt generator in TUP laboratory is 232 volts and the
rated load voltage is 220 volts. The armature resistance including brushes is 0.026 ohm and the
resistance of the shunt field resistance is 53 ohms. What is the induced electromagnetic force at
rated load?

Ra=0.026 Ω

Rsh=53 Ω
PL=50000 W
VL=220 V

Solution:

𝑃𝐿 50000 𝑊
𝐼𝐿 = = = 227.27 𝐴
𝑉𝐿 220 𝑉

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 𝑉𝐿 = 220 𝑉

𝑉𝑠ℎ 220 𝑉
𝐼𝑠ℎ = = = 4.15 𝐴
𝑅𝑠ℎ 53 Ω

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑠ℎ + 𝐼𝐿 = 4.15 𝐴 + 227.27 A = 231.42 A

𝑉𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 × 𝑅𝑎 = 231.42 𝐴 × 0.026 Ω = 6.02 V

𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝑠ℎ + 𝑉𝑎 = 220 V + 6.02 V = 226.02 𝑉

𝑉𝑇 + 𝑉𝑎 = 𝐸𝑔 → 𝐸𝑔 = 220 + 6.02 = 226.02 𝑉

3. The field current of a 180 kW, 250 volts DC shunt generator is 6A when running full load at rated
terminal voltage. If the combined armature and brush resistance is 0.02 ohm solve for the
power generated.
Solution:

𝑃𝐿 180000 𝑊
𝐼𝐿 = = = 720 𝐴
𝑉𝐿 250 𝑉

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 𝑉𝐿 = 220 𝑉

𝐼𝑠ℎ = 6 𝐴

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑠ℎ + 𝐼𝐿 = 6 𝐴 + 720 A = 726 A

𝑉𝑎 = 𝐼𝑎 × 𝑅𝑎 = 726 𝐴 × 0.02 Ω = 14.52 V

𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝑠ℎ + 𝑉𝑎 = 250 V + 14.52 V = 264.52 𝑉

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑔

𝑃𝑔 = 𝐸𝑔 × 𝐼𝑔 = 264.52 V × 726 𝐴 = 192.04 𝑘𝑊

4. A DC generator has no load output voltage of 120 volts. Its armature circuit resistance is 0.95
ohm, and its field coils are separately energized. If the load is rated 2 kW at 115 V. Neglecting
the effect of armature reaction, what power could be delivered to the load?

Solution

𝑉𝐿 2 115𝑉 2
𝑅𝐿 = = = 6.6 Ω
𝑃𝐿 2 𝑘𝑊

𝐸𝐿 120𝑉
𝐼𝐿 = = = 15.89 𝐴
𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝐿 0.95 Ω + 6.6 Ω

𝑃𝐿 = 𝐼𝐿 2 × 𝑅𝐿 → 15.89 𝐴2 × 6.6 Ω = 1.67 𝑘𝑊

5. A DC series generator is supplying current of 5A to a series lighting system through a feeder of
total resistance, 1.0 ohm. The terminal voltage is 2500 V. The armature and series field
resistances are respectively 18 and 15 ohms. A 30-ohm diverter resistance is shunted across the
series field. Determine the power developed in the armature generator.

Solution

𝑅𝑠𝑒 × 𝑅𝑑 15 Ω × 30 Ω
𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑣 = = = 10 Ω
𝑅𝑠𝑒 + 𝑅𝑑 15 Ω + 30 Ω

𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝑉𝑎 + 𝑉𝑠𝑒 + 𝑉𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + + 𝐼𝑎 (𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑣 + 𝑅𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 ) → 2500 V + 5 𝐴 (18 Ω + 10 Ω + 1 Ω)
𝐸𝑔 = 2645 𝑉

𝑃𝑔 = 𝐸𝑔 × 𝐼𝑔 = 2645 𝑉 × 5𝐴 = 13.23 𝑘𝑊

6. A compound dynamo supplies a load of 20 kW at 400 V through a feeder having a resistance

equal to 0.1 ohm. The shunt and series field resistances are 65 ohms and 0.06 ohm respectively.
Determine the total electromotive force when the generator is connected long shunt. Assume a
brush contact drop of 1 V per brush and armature resistance of 0.1 ohm.
 PL=20000 W
VL=400 V
RFeeder = 0.01 Ω

Solution

𝑃𝐿 20000 𝑊
𝐼𝐿 = = = 50 𝐴
𝑉𝐿 400 𝑉

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 𝐼𝐿 𝑅𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 + 𝑉𝐿

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 50𝐴 × 0.1Ω + 400 𝑉 → 405 𝑉

𝑉𝑠ℎ 405 𝑉
𝐼𝑠ℎ = = = 6.23 𝐴
𝑅𝑠ℎ 65 Ω

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝐿 + 𝐼𝑠ℎ → 50𝐴 + 6.23 𝐴 → 56.23 𝐴

𝐸𝑔 − 𝑉𝑎 − 𝑉𝑠𝑒 − 𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 𝑉𝑠ℎ → 𝐸𝑔 − 𝑉𝑎 − 𝑉𝑠𝑒 − 𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 405 𝑉

𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝑎 + 𝑉𝑠𝑒 + 𝐵𝐶𝐷 + 𝑉𝑠ℎ
𝐸𝑔 = 𝐼𝑎 (𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑠𝑒 ) + 𝐵𝐶𝐷 + 𝑉𝑠ℎ
𝐸𝑔 = 56.23 𝐴(0.1 Ω + 0.06 Ω) + (1 𝑉 × 2 ) + 405 𝑉
𝐸𝑔 = 5.623 𝑉 + 3.3738 𝑉 + 2 𝑉 + 405 𝑉

𝐸𝑔 = 416 𝑉
7. A long shunt compound generator has the following parameters:
a. Ra = 0.1 ohm
b. Rse = 0.05 ohm
c. Rsh = 120 ohms

This machine supplies power aggregate DC load of 10 kW, at this load the armature generates
246 volts. Determine the terminal voltage.

Solution

𝑃𝐿 10 𝑘𝑊
𝐼𝐿 = =
𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿

𝑉𝐿 𝑉𝐿
𝐼𝑠ℎ = =
𝑅𝑠ℎ 120 Ω

10000 𝑉𝐿 1200,000 + 𝑉𝐿 2
𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝐿 + 𝐼𝑠ℎ → + → → 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1
𝑉𝐿 120 120𝑉𝐿

𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝐼𝑎 (𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑠𝑒 ) → 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2

Substitute equation 1 to equation 2

1200,000 − 𝑉𝐿 2
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + ( × (𝑅𝑎 + 𝑅𝑠𝑒 ))
120𝑉𝐿
 1200,000 − 𝑉𝐿 2
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + ( × (0.1 + 0.05))
120𝑉𝐿

1200,000 − 𝑉𝐿 2
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + ( × 0.15)
120𝑉𝐿
1200,000 − 𝑉𝐿 2 3
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + ( × )
120𝑉𝐿 20
2
1200,000 − 𝑉𝐿 1
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + ( × )
40𝑉𝐿 20
2
1200,000 − 𝑉𝐿
𝐸𝑔 = 𝑉𝐿 + ( )
800𝑉𝐿
800𝑉𝐿 2 + 1200,000 − 𝑉𝐿 2
𝐸𝑔 =
800𝑉𝐿
799𝑉𝐿 2 + 1200,000
𝐸𝑔 =
800𝑉𝐿

799𝑉𝐿 2 + 1200,000
246 =
800𝑉𝐿

196,800𝑉𝐿 = 799𝑉𝐿 2 + 1200,000

0 = 799𝑉𝐿 2 − 196,800𝑉𝐿 + 1200,000

Solve using quadratic equation formula

−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑉𝐿 =
2𝑎

−(−196,800) ± √(−196,800)2 − 4(799)(1200,000) 196,800 ± √34895040000

𝑉𝐿 = →
2(799) 1598

196, 800 − 186, 802.14

𝑉𝐿 = → 6.26 𝑉
1598

196, 800 + 186, 802.14

𝑉𝐿 = → 240.05 𝑉
1598
8. A short shunt compound generator has the following: an armature, series field and shunt field
resistances are 0.04-ohm, 0.03 ohm and 80 ohms respectively. The generator serves a 20 kW,
200 V load through a feeder with an equivalent resistance of 0.1 ohm. Solve for the power
generated by the armature.

Solution:

𝑃𝐿 20000 𝑊
𝐼𝐿 = = = 100 𝐴
𝑉𝐿 200 𝑉

𝐼𝐿 = 𝐼𝑠𝑒 = 𝐼𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝑉𝑠𝑒 + 𝑉𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 𝐼𝐿 (𝑅𝐿 + 𝑅𝑠𝑒 + 𝑅𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 )
𝑉𝑠ℎ = 100 𝐴(2 Ω + 0.03 Ω + 0.1 Ω)
𝑉𝑠ℎ = 200 𝑉 + 3 𝑉 + 10 𝑉 = 213

𝑉𝑠ℎ 213𝑉
𝐼𝑠ℎ = = = 2.665 𝐴
𝑅𝑠ℎ 80 Ω

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑠ℎ + 𝐼𝑠𝑒 → 2.665 𝐴 + 100 𝐴 = 102.665 𝐴

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑔
 𝐸𝑔 − 𝑉𝑎 = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝑉𝑠𝑒 + 𝑉𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟
𝐸𝑔 − 𝐼𝑎 (𝑅𝑎 ) = 𝐼𝐿 (𝑅𝐿 + 𝑅𝑠𝑒 + 𝑅𝑓𝑒𝑒𝑑𝑒𝑟 )
𝐸𝑔 − 102.665 𝐴 (0.04 Ω ) = 100 𝐴(2 Ω + 0.03 Ω + 0.1 Ω)
𝐸𝑔 − 4.1065 𝑉 = 200 𝑉 + 3 𝑉 + 10 𝑉
𝐸𝑔 = 213 𝑉 + 4.1065 𝑉 = 217.1065 𝑉
𝑃𝑔 = 𝐸𝑔 × 𝐼𝑔 = 217.1065 𝑉 × 102.665 𝐴 = 22.29 𝑘𝑊

9. A short shunt compound generator has an armature, shunt field and series field resistances of
0.02-ohm, 80 ohm and 0.03 ohm respectively. The generator’s induced emf is 510 V when the
terminal voltage is 500 V. How much load current is delivered under this condition?

𝑉𝑠ℎ = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝑉𝑠𝑒

𝑉𝑠ℎ 𝑉𝐿 + 𝐼𝐿 𝑅𝑠𝑒
𝐼𝑠ℎ = = → 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 1
𝑅𝑠ℎ 𝑅𝑠ℎ

𝐼𝑎 = 𝐼𝑠ℎ + 𝐼𝐿 → 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 2
Substitute equation 1 to equation 2

𝑉𝐿 + 𝐼𝐿 𝑅𝑠𝑒
𝐼𝑎 = + 𝐼𝐿
𝑅𝑠ℎ

500 + 0.03𝐼𝐿
𝐼𝑎 = + 𝐼𝐿
80

𝐼𝑎 = 6.25 + 0.000375𝐼𝐿 + 𝐼𝐿

𝐼𝑎 = 6.25 + 1.000375𝐼𝐿 → 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 3

𝐸𝑔 − 𝑉𝑎 = 𝑉𝑠𝑒 + 𝑉𝐿

510 𝑉 − 𝑉𝑎 = 𝑉𝑠𝑒 + 500 𝑉

510 𝑉 − 𝐼𝑎 (𝑅𝑎 ) = 𝐼𝐿 (𝑅𝑠𝑒 ) + 𝑉𝐿

510 𝑉 − 0.02𝐼𝑎 = 0.03𝐼𝐿 + 500𝑉
−0.02𝐼𝑎 − 0.03𝐼𝐿 += 500𝑉 − 510 𝑉
−0.02𝐼𝑎 − 0.03𝐼𝐿 += −10 𝑉
1
[−0.02𝐼𝑎 − 0.03𝐼𝐿 += −10 𝑉] ×
−0.02

𝐼𝑎 + 1.5𝐼𝐿 = 500𝑉

𝐼𝑎 = 500𝑉 − 1.5𝐼𝐿 → 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 4

Equate Eq.3 to Eq. 4

500 − 1.5𝐼𝐿 = 6.25 + 1.000375𝐼𝐿

500 − 6.25 = 1.000375𝐼𝐿 + 1.5𝐼𝐿

493.75 = 2.500375𝐼𝐿

493.75
= 𝐼𝐿 → 197.47 𝐴
2.500375
10. A short shunt compound generator delivers 150 A at a terminal voltage is 230 V. The shunt field
current is 2.5 A. The resistances of the armature, series field and diverter are 0.032 ohm, 0.015
ohm and 0.03 ohm, respectively. Calculate the generated power.

𝑅𝑠𝑒 × 𝑅𝑑 0.015 Ω × 0.03 Ω

𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑣 = = = 0.01 Ω
𝑅𝑠𝑒 + 𝑅𝑑 0.015 Ω + 0.03 Ω

𝑉𝐿 230 𝑉
𝑅𝐿 = = = 1.53 Ω
𝐼𝐿 150𝐴

𝐼𝑠ℎ = 2.5 𝐴
𝐼𝐿 = 150 𝐴

𝐼𝑎 = 2.5 𝐴 + 150 𝐴 → 152.5 𝐴

𝐸𝑔 − 𝑉𝑎 = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝑉𝑠𝑒 + 𝑉𝑒𝑞𝑣
𝐸𝑔 − 𝐼𝑎 (𝑅𝑎 ) = 𝑉𝐿 + 𝐼𝐿 ( 𝑅𝑒𝑞𝑣 )
𝐸𝑔 − 152.5 𝐴(0.032 Ω) = 230 + 150 𝐴( 0.01 Ω)
𝐸𝑔 − 4.88 = 230 + 1.5
𝐸𝑔 = 230 + 1.5 + 4.88
𝐸𝑔 = 236.38 𝑉

𝑃𝑔 = 𝐸𝑔 × 𝐼𝑔 = 236.38 𝑉 × 152.5 𝐴 = 36.05 𝑘𝑊