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03 Week2 Structured Methodologies

This document provides an introduction to structured system development methodologies. It discusses key terms, outlines learning outcomes, and describes techniques and tools for structured methodologies including the waterfall model, SSADM, and V-model. The document explains the stages and processes of each methodology. It also notes some problems with structured methodologies and indicates that the next session will cover agile methods.

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hdsasdad
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
48 views

03 Week2 Structured Methodologies

This document provides an introduction to structured system development methodologies. It discusses key terms, outlines learning outcomes, and describes techniques and tools for structured methodologies including the waterfall model, SSADM, and V-model. The document explains the stages and processes of each methodology. It also notes some problems with structured methodologies and indicates that the next session will cover agile methods.

Uploaded by

hdsasdad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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System Development Methods

CT00046-3-2

Structured Methodologies
Topic & Structure of the Lesson

• Introduction to Structured Methodologies


• Techniques and Tools

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 2


Slide 3 (of 17)

Learning Outcomes

• By the end of this lecture, YOU should be able to :


– Identify and explain the underlying principles for Systems
Development Methodology

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 3


Slide 4 (of 17)

Key Terms you must be able to use

• If you have mastered this topic, you should be able to use


the following terms correctly in your assignments and
exams:
– IS Structured Methodologies
– Techniques and Tools
– Waterfall Model
– SSADM
– V-Model

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 4


Era of IS Methodologies

IS Methodologies

Traditional / Structured
Modern Methodologies
Methodologies

Late 70s’ to early 90s’ Late 90s’ to today


(Ex; SSADM, Waterfall,
(Ex; Scrum, RAD, DSDM, etc)
V-Model, etc)

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 5


Slide 5 (of 19)

Structured Methodologies

• Developed in the 70’s


• Mostly Traditional Methodologies
• Very detailed steps explained
– Formulation for beginners to develop a system.
• Requirements need to be clear and fixed.
• Focus on error free product
• Rigid and strict rules
• Emphasis on full documentation.
• Example methodologies;
– Waterfall Model, SSADM, V-Model
– (we will take a look at these three)

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 6


Waterfall Model

• Close to SDLC phases


• Can be used for almost all types of
projects
• Highly structured and rigid -
sequential development process
– One should move to the next phase only
when its preceding phase is completed
and perfected.
• Promotes quality control of process and
product.
• Good for beginners.
• Emphasis on good documentation

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 7


Waterfall Model
Stages

• Requirement Gathering and analysis


– All possible requirements of the system to be developed are captured and
documented into System Requirement Specification (SRS) document.

• System Design
– The SRS is studied and system design is prepared.
– System Design helps in specifying hardware and system requirements and also helps
in defining overall system architecture.

• Implementation
– With inputs from system design, the system is first developed in small programs
called units, which are integrated in the next phase.
– Each unit is developed and tested for its functionality which is referred to as Unit
Testing.

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 8


Waterfall Model
Stages .. cont

• Integration and Testing


– All the units developed in the implementation phase are integrated into a system
after testing of each unit.
– Post integration the entire system is tested for any faults and failures.

• Deployment of system
– Once the functional and non functional testing is done, the product is deployed in the
customer environment or released into the market.

• Maintenance
– There are some issues which come up in the client environment. To fix those issues
patches are released.
– Also to enhance the product some better versions are released.

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 9


Structured Systems Analysis And Design
Method (SSADM)

• Popular methodology
used in the late 80s
• Rigid and document-led
approach to system
design
• Have detailed DESIGN
stage.
• Good for projects with
database design.
• Has strategies to align
business needs with
system development.
• Ends at design stage.

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 10


SSADM
Techniques

• Logical Data Modeling


– To determine the high level requirement for the system
– System components, entities, main process, etc.

• Data Flow Modeling


– To determine the ‘movement’ of data within the system
– Data transformation, storage, data flow, etc.

• Entity Event Modeling


– To determine the processes and operations
– Event sequence, dependency, etc.

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 11


V-Model

• Derived and modified from Waterfall Model


• Emphasize of ‘check and balance’ of development process

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 12


V-Model
Techniques

• Takes the ‘top-down’ development approach


– Concept, Architecture Design, high level design, etc.

• Verification and Validation at end of each phase / process.


– Referring back to project documentation, objectives, scopes,
requirements, specifications, etc.
– Users are consulted for verification and validation.

• Use various testing techniques for product


– Unit, integration, system, user acceptance, etc.

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 13


Quick Quiz

• Explain to your class, the process flow within a V-Model?

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 14


Problems with Structured Methodologies
(in general)

• Rigid phases, discourage skipping of unimportant steps.


• Emphasize of process and product quality rather then
customer satisfaction
• Requirement need to be defined in the beginning of the
project and not encouraged to change towards the end.
• Cost and time often unpredictable for large projects.
• Too many ‘red-tapes’, wasting time and resources

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 15


Question & Answer

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 16


Next Session

• Agile Methods

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 17


Tutorial Questions

• Find names of a few popular methodologies used today.


What are the types of project that they are used for?
• Discuss the advantages using IS Development
Methodologies.
• Discuss the distinctive disadvantages using the following IS
Development Methodologies.
– Waterfall model
– SSADM
– V-Model

CT046-3-2 – SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHODS Slide 18

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