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Lec 23 Operating System

Uploaded by

rumanasif3
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© © All Rights Reserved
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CS09106 IICT

Lecture
(Operating System)

1
Multi-User
• A multi-user OS allows many users to take
advantage of the computer's resources,
simultaneously

• The OS must make sure that the requirements of


the various users are balanced, and that the
programs they are using each have sufficient and
separate resources so that a problem with one
user doesn't affect any of the other users

• Examples: Linux, Unix, VMS and mainframe OS’es,


such as MVS
2
Another Way of Classifying
Uni-processor OS’es
Designed to schedule tasks on a single uP only
Example: DOS

Multi-processor OS’es
Can control computers having multiple uPs, at
times 1000’s of them
Example: Current versions of Windows,
Mac OS, Linux, Solaris
3
How many different OS’es are there?
• 100’s

• OS’es from the Windows family dominate the


desktops and run on millions of PC’s

• OS’es from the Unix family (Unix, Linux, etc) are


quite popular on servers

• There are hundreds more. Some designed for


mainframes only. Some for embedded
applications only. 4
Comparing Popular OS’es
OS HW Stability Cost Apps. Support Security Popularity
Windows PC Poor $300 Huge no. OK Poor Amazing
(GUI)

Mac OS Mac Good $60 Many OK Good Low


(Shell/GUI)

Linux Many Good Low Many Variable Good Low


(Shell/GUI)

Unix Many Excellent High Many Expensive Excellent Servers


(Shell/GUI)
UNIX

• UNIX is the oldest operating system used on


PCs.

• UNIX was the first multi-user, multiprocessor,


multitasking operating system available for
use on PCs.

• Most versions of UNIX use a command-line


interface, but some versions offer a GUI.
DOS
• DOS dominated the operating system market
during the 1980s.

• DOS is a single-user OS that supports only 640


KB of memory.

• DOS features a command-line interface, and


does not support multitasking or
multiprocessing.

• Because DOS provides no interface restrictions,


DOS applications can look and function
differently.
The Macintosh Operating System
• The Macintosh OS supports the graphical
nature of the Macintosh computer.

• The Mac OS brought the first truly graphical


user interface to consumers.

• The Mac OS also brought interface conformity


to the desktop. All applications running under
the Mac OS, therefore, provided the same
"look and feel" to the user.
Windows 3.x
• Windows 3.0, 3.1, and 3.11 are called the
Windows 3.x family.

• Windows 3.x brought a GUI and multitasking


capabilities to PCs running DOS.

• Windows 3.x is an operating environment


because it ran on top of DOS, which was the
actual OS.
OS/2 Warp

• OS/2 Warp was the first true GUI-based operating


system for Intel-based PCs.

• OS/2 is a multitasking OS that provides support


for networking and multiple users.

• It was the first PC OS to feature built-in speech


recognition capabilities.
Windows NT

• Microsoft's Windows NT was meant as a


replacement for DOS, but was too resource-
intensive to work on most PCs at the time of its
release.

• Microsoft issued two versions of Windows NT


—Windows NT Workstation and Windows NT
Server.

• NT is a very powerful and robust OS, resistant


to system crashes.
Windows 95 and 98
• Windows 95 was Microsoft's first true GUI-
based, 32-bit operating system for Intel PCs.

• Windows 95 supports multitasking and can


run older DOS and Windows 3.x programs.

• Windows 98's features include advanced


Internet capabilities, an improved user
interface, and enhanced file system
performance, among others.
Linux
• Linux is a recently developed version of UNIX,
which is available for free or at a very low cost
from various sources.

• Linux is a very powerful 32-bit OS that supports


multitasking, multiple users, networking, and
virtually any application.

• Linux can run on nearly any type of computer.

• Because of its power and openness, Linux is


attracting many users, including students,
teachers, Internet service providers, and others.
Windows 2000
• Windows 2000 features the same interface and
features of Windows 98, with the file system,
networking, power, and stability of Windows
NT.

• Several versions of Windows 2000 are


available, each targeting a specific user or
computing environment, from home PCs to
large enterprise networks.

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